DDE-induced eggshell thinning: an environmental detective story

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Peakall
Keyword(s):  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Personal Account ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
Detective Story ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Eggshell Thinning ◽  
Holarctic Region ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Legal Battle

This is a personal account of the investigation of DDE-induced eggshell thinning and the subsequent use of this information in the legal battle over the banning of DDT. The article focuses on the toxicological effects of DDT on the peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus, although the effects on other species are briefly considered. The peregrine falcon population crashed throughout the Holarctic region in the 1950s and 1960s. Eggshell thinning was discovered in British peregrines in 1967 and was soon found to be a global phenomenon. The relationship between dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) residues and eggshell thinning was established by the beginning of the 1970s. Information on the effect of DDE on the peregrine falcon formed an important part of the evidence that led to the banning of DDT, and since a ban has been implemented in many countries the peregrine populations have improved in most areas.Key words: peregrine falcon, DDE, eggshell thinning.

Eggshell Thinning in the Peregrine, Falco Peregrinus (Aves: Falconidae), in Australia.

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Olsen ◽  
J Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
Eggshell Thinning

From measurement of 472 eggs of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) collected in Australia between 1885 and 1977 inclusive, shells were thinner by 10.4 to 38% after 1947-49 and corresponded with the introduction of DDT into Australia. Victoria seemed to have the greatest mean thinning.

ORGANOCHLORINE RESIDUES AND EGGSHELL THINNING IN THE PEREGRINE FALCON FALCO PEREGRINUS MINOR IN ZIMBABWE

Ostrich ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Hartley ◽  
I. Newton ◽  
M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
Eggshell Thinning

scholarly journals The Danish Peregrine Falcon population: Reestablishment and eggshell thinning

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Peter Andreasen ◽  
Knud Falk ◽  
Søren Møller
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Historic Time ◽  
Peregrine Falcons ◽  
Eggshell Thinning ◽  
Breeding Attempt

Abstract Denmark being a country with only a few suitable steep nesting cliffs has only harboured a small population of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in historic time. In the previous century, the population gradually declined due to persecution, egg and young collection, and pollution. The last breeding attempt in the 20th century occurred in 1972 in southeastern Denmark. No new breeding attempts were recorded in Denmark until 2001 but since then the population has gradually increased – most rapidly since 2012 – to a peak of 24 territorial pairs in 2018; some of them breeding on man-made structures (nest boxes at bridges and power plants). Here we update the information on the reestablishment of the Peregrine Falcon in Den-mark, including origin and dispersal, reproduction, and eggshell thinning.

Estimation of geographical variation of cancer risks in drinking water in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
K. Ohno ◽  
E. Kadota ◽  
Y. Kondo ◽  
T. Kamei ◽  
Y. Magara
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Cancer Risks ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Total Cancer ◽  
Big Cities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plausible Reason

The cancer risks posed by ten substances in raw and purified water were estimated for each municipality in Japan to compare risks between raw and purified water, and inter-municipality. Water concentrations were estimated by use of statistical data. Assigning cancer unit risks to each substance and applying the assumption of additive toxicological effects to multiple carcinogens, total cancer risks of the waters were estimated. As a result, the geometric means of total cancer risks in raw and purified water were 1.16×10−5 and 2.18×10−5, respectively. In raw water, the contribution ratio of arsenic to total cancer risk accounted for 97%. In purified water, that of four trihalomethanes (THMs) accounted for 54%. The increase of total cancer risks in purified water was due to THMs. In regard to the geographical variation, the relationship between population size and total cancer risks were investigated. The result was that there were higher cancer risks in the big cities with the population more than a million both in raw and purified water. One plausible reason for the higher risks in purified water in the big cities is a larger chlorination dose due to the huge water supply areas. The reason for the increase in raw water remained unclear.

Psyche and Soul in America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Abzug
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

Rollo May (1909‒1994), internationally known psychologist and popular philosopher, came from modest roots in the small town Protestant Midwest intending to do “religious work” but eventually became a psychotherapist and in best-selling books like Love and Will and The Courage to Create he attracted an audience of millions of readers in the United States, Europe, and Asia. During the 1950s and 1960s, these books combined existentialism and other philosophical approaches, psychoanalysis, and a spiritually-philosophy to interpret the damage bureaucratic and technocratic aspects of modernity and their inability of individuals to understand their authentic selves. Psyche and Soul in America deals not only with May’s public contributions but also to his turbulent inner life as revealed in unprecedentedly intimate sources in order to demonstrate the relationship between the personal and public in a figure who wrote about intimacy, its loss, and ways to regain an authentic sense of self and others.

Capitalism and the State in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Torres ◽  
Carina Borrastero
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The State ◽  
American Sociology ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes how the research on the relation between capitalism and the state in Latin America has developed from the 1950s up to the present. It starts from the premise that knowledge of this relation in sociology and other social sciences in Latin America has been taking shape through the disputes that have opposed three intellectual standpoints: autonomist, denialist, and North-centric. It analyzes how these standpoints envision the relationship between economy and politics and how they conceptualize three regionally and globally growing trends: the concentration of power, social inequality, and environmental depletion. It concludes with a series of challenges aimed at restoring the theoretical and political potency of the autonomist program in Latin American sociology.

Retrobulbar rhabdomyosarcoma in a neotropical peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus cassini)

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle J. Freundt Coello ◽  
Lee S. Schaeffer
Keyword(s):  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Falco Peregrinus

Parlamentarier für Europa – Die Vernetzung des Bundestags mit europäischen interparlamentarischen Körperschaften durch Doppelmandate (1950-1969/70

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-344
Author(s):  
Paul Lukas HÄHNEL
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Interstate Cooperation ◽  
Western European ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines inter-parliamentary institutions as a factor for interstate cooperation in Europe in the 1950s and 1960s. For this purpose, an analysis of the relationship between the parliamentary assembly of the European Communities, the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Western European Union and their connections to the Bundestag through dual mandates is carried out. Based on the relevant literature, the article highlights formal and informal inter-organizational links as well as partly overlapping and competing competences between these inter-parliamentary institutions. By using the example of the Federal Republic of Germany, multiple connections between the Bundestag and the emerging European parliamentary level are shown. Finally, the article focuses on the disentanglement of the parliamentary levels in the 1970s.

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