scholarly journals A Gravity Current Model with Capillary Trapping for Oil Migration in Multilayer Geological Basins

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-484
Author(s):  
Clément Cancès ◽  
David Maltese
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Oil Migration ◽  
Capillary Trapping

A bottom gravity current model for CO2-enriched seawater

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Drange ◽  
Guttorm Alendal ◽  
Peter M. Haugan
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current

Two-phase gravity currents in porous media

2011 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADELEINE J. GOLDING ◽  
JEROME A. NEUFELD ◽  
MARC A. HESSE ◽  
HERBERT E. HUPPERT
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Gravity Currents ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Residual Trapping

We develop a model describing the buoyancy-driven propagation of two-phase gravity currents, motivated by problems in groundwater hydrology and geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). In these settings, fluid invades a porous medium saturated with an immiscible second fluid of different density and viscosity. The action of capillary forces in the porous medium results in spatial variations of the saturation of the two fluids. Here, we consider the propagation of fluid in a semi-infinite porous medium across a horizontal, impermeable boundary. In such systems, once the aspect ratio is large, fluid flow is mainly horizontal and the local saturation is determined by the vertical balance between capillary and gravitational forces. Gradients in the hydrostatic pressure along the current drive fluid flow in proportion to the saturation-dependent relative permeabilities, thus determining the shape and dynamics of two-phase currents. The resulting two-phase gravity current model is attractive because the formalism captures the essential macroscopic physics of multiphase flow in porous media. Residual trapping of CO2 by capillary forces is one of the key mechanisms that can permanently immobilize CO2 in the societally important example of geological CO2 sequestration. The magnitude of residual trapping is set by the areal extent and saturation distribution within the current, both of which are predicted by the two-phase gravity current model. Hence the magnitude of residual trapping during the post-injection buoyant rise of CO2 can be estimated quantitatively. We show that residual trapping increases in the presence of a capillary fringe, despite the decrease in average saturation.

Buoyant flow of through and around a semi-permeable layer of finite extent

2016 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 553-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Dat Ngo ◽  
Emmanuel Mouche ◽  
Pascal Audigane
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Total Flux ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Fine Grid ◽  
Permeable Layer ◽  
Counter Current

The buoyancy- and capillary-driven counter-current flow of $\text{CO}_{2}$ and brine through and around a semi-permeable layer is studied both numerically and theoretically. The continuities of the capillary pressure and the total flux at the interface between the permeable matrix and layer control the $\text{CO}_{2}$ saturation discontinuity at the interface and the balance between the buoyant and capillary diffusion fluxes on each side of the interface. This interface process is first studied in a one-dimensional (1-D) vertical column geometry using the concept of extended capillary pressure and a graphical representation of the continuity conditions in the ($S_{L}$, $S_{U}$) plane, where $S_{L}$ and $S_{U}$ are the lower and upper saturation traces at the interface, respectively. In two dimensions, we heuristically extend the two-phase gravity current model to the case where the current is bounded by a semi-permeable layer. Consequently, the current is not saturated with $\text{CO}_{2}$, and its saturation and shape are derived from the flux and capillary pressure continuity conditions at the interface. This simplified model, which depends on $\text{CO}_{2}$ saturation only, is compared to fine grid simulations in the capillary-free and gravity-dominant cases. A good agreement is obtained in the second case; the current geometrical characteristics are accurately described. In the capillary-free case, we demonstrate that the local total velocity, which is, on average, zero because the flow is counter-current, must be considered in the total flux at the interface to obtain the same level of agreement.

A gravity current model for the May 18, 1980 Mount St. Helens plume

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 1663-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Bursik ◽  
S. N. Carey ◽  
R. S. J. Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Mount St Helens

Early ossicle growth in the regenerating disc of a brittle star

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
M. Shlepr ◽  
R. L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Syncytium Formation ◽  
Brittle Star ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Limited Volume ◽  
Tissue Calcification

Calcification in the echinoderms occurs within a limited-volume cavity enclosed by cytoplasmic extensions of the mineral depositing cells, the sclerocytes. The current model of this process maintains that the sheath formed from these cytoplasmic extensions is syncytial. Prior studies indicate that syncytium formation might be dependent on sclerocyte density and not required for calcification. This model further envisions that ossicles formed de novo nucleate and grow intracellularly until the ossicle effectively outgrows the vacuole. Continued ossicle growth occurs within the sheath but external to the cell membrane. The initial intracellular location has been confirmed only for elements of the echinoid tooth.The regenerating aboral disc integument of ophiophragmus filograneus was used to test the current echinoderm calcification model. This tissue is free of calcite fragments, thus avoiding questions of cellular engulfment, and ossicles are formed de novo. The tissue calcification pattern was followed by light microscopy in both living and fixed preparations.

Ring current model of the naphthalene molecule

1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICCARDO ZANASI ◽  
PAOLO LAZZERETTI
Keyword(s):  
Ring Current ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Naphthalene Molecule

MESSINE, a Parametric Three-Dimensional Eddy Current Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. La ◽  
B. Benoist ◽  
B. de Barmon ◽  
M. Talvard ◽  
R. Lengelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Three Dimensional
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