A Transformation Property of Minimal Metrics

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Rachev ◽  
L. Ruschendorf
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 59-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jureepan Piromchom ◽  
Nanthawat Wannarit ◽  
Jaursup Boonmak ◽  
Chaveng Pakawatchai ◽  
Sujittra Youngme

Author(s):  
Stefan Voigt

This chapter offers a look at transformation processes from the perspective of the new institutional economics (NIE). It briefly describes the main pillars of this research area, including its assumptions, the definition of institutions, and their interplay. It is shown that the NIE can contribute to explaining the outcome of transformation processes by pointing at the different institutions relied upon during transition. In the section surveying the large literature on institutions and transition, special focus is laid on the role of constitutions for political transformation, property rights for economic transformation, and internal or informal institutions as institutions largely exempt from deliberate transformation which can, hence, constitute an important constraint in transformation processes. The chapter concludes by pointing out some research gaps.


2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 4527-4532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyu Sun ◽  
Feika Bian ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yuetong Wang ◽  
Xiaoxuan Zhang ◽  
...  

The manipulation of liquid droplets demonstrates great importance in various areas from laboratory research to our daily life. Here, inspired by the unique microstructure of plant stomata, we present a surface with programmable wettability arrays for droplets manipulation. The substrate film of this surface is constructed by using a coaxial capillary microfluidics to emulsify and pack graphene oxide (GO) hybridN-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) hydrogel solution into silica nanoparticles-dispersed ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate (ETPTA) phase. Because of the distribution of the silica nanoparticles on the ETPTA interface, the outer surface of the film could achieve favorable hydrophobic property under selective fluorosilane decoration. Owing to the outstanding photothermal energy transformation property of the GO, the encapsulated hydrophilic hydrogel arrays could shrink back into the holes to expose their hydrophobic surface with near-infrared (NIR) irradiation; this imparts the composite film with remotely switchable surface droplet adhesion status. Based on this phenomenon, we have demonstrated controllable droplet sliding on programmable wettability pathways, together with effective droplet transfer for printing with mask integration, which remains difficult to realize by existing techniques.


1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Böröcz

Transformations of society-wide organizing principles or, ‘systemic’ features, of property relations are rare historical occurrences and constitute crucial aspects of social change. The recent architectonic rearrangement of the societies of East-Central Europe is especially remarkable as it represents a move away from a unique, very large-scale, comprehensive social experiment concerning the use of state power in establishing and maintaining putative ‘socialist property’ as a ‘systemic’ principle. The ongoing move away from that experiment—the post-state-socialist transition—is a vector with an unmistakable point of departure and a quite nebulous direction.


2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350006
Author(s):  
SONG SHI ◽  
WEI-MIN SUN ◽  
HONG-SHI ZONG

In this paper, using the imaginary-time temperature field theory, we discuss the possible modification of chiral anomaly of a massless fermion in (3+1)-dimensional QED (QED4) when the temperature and chemical potential effects are included. It is found that the chiral anomaly is independent of the temperature and chemical potential. Meanwhile, we also introduce the chemical potential corresponding to chiral charge, and find that it will induce a Chern–Simons-like term, which has similar C transformation properties (and opposite P transformation property) to the corresponding Chern–Simons term in (2+1)-dimensional QED (QED3). More importantly, we find that when the chemical potential corresponding to the fermion number is space-dependent, it will induce an extra anomaly term. It is expected that this can yield new physical effects.


Kybernetes ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1718-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai‐Ming Xie ◽  
Si‐Feng Liu

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