A Mathematical Model of Woody Plant Chemical Defenses and Snowshoe Hare Feeding Behavior in Boreal Forests: The Effect of Age-Dependent Toxicity of Twig Segments

2013 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongsong Liu ◽  
Stephen A. Gourley ◽  
Donald L. DeAngelis ◽  
John P. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Snowshoe Hare ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Plant Chemical Defenses ◽  
Effect Of Age

Do Parasitoids Use Herbivore-Induced Plant Chemical Defenses to Locate Hosts?

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted C. J. Turlings ◽  
James H. Tumlinson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Plant Chemical Defenses

Rapid induced resistance of silver birch affects both innate immunity and performance of gypsy moths: the role of plant chemical defenses

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav V. Martemyanov ◽  
Ivan M. Dubovskiy ◽  
Irina A. Belousova ◽  
Sergey V. Pavlushin ◽  
Dmitry V. Domrachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Gypsy Moths ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Plant Chemical Defenses ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rapid Induced Resistance

scholarly journals Rapid and independent evolution of ancestral and novel defenses in a genus of toxic plants (Erysimum, Brassicaceae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Züst ◽  
Susan R. Strickler ◽  
Adrian F. Powell ◽  
Makenzie E. Mabry ◽  
Hong An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Related Species ◽  
Chemical Defenses ◽  
Evolutionary Time ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Toxic Plants ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Plant Chemical ◽  
Plant Chemical Defenses ◽  
Redundant Functions

AbstractPhytochemical diversity is thought to result from coevolutionary cycles as specialization in herbivores imposes diversifying selection on plant chemical defenses. Plants in the speciose genus Erysimum (Brassicaceae) produce both ancestral glucosinolates and evolutionarily novel cardenolides as defenses. Here we test macroevolutionary hypotheses on co-expression, co-regulation, and diversification of these potentially redundant defenses across this genus. We sequenced and assembled the genome of E. cheiranthoides and foliar transcriptomes of 47 additional Erysimum species to construct a highly resolved phylogeny, revealing that cardenolide diversity increased rapidly rather than gradually over evolutionary time. Concentrations, inducibility, and diversity of the two defenses varied independently among species, with no evidence for trade-offs. Closely related species shared similar cardenolide traits, but not glucosinolate traits, likely as a result of specific selective pressures acting on distinct molecular diversification mechanisms. Ancestral and novel chemical defenses in Erysimum thus appear to provide complementary rather than redundant functions.

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