Nail varnish helps researchers pinpoint numbers of rare bats

doi:10.1136/vr.l5414

Nail varnish helps researchers pinpoint numbers of rare bats

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.l5414 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 185 (9) ◽

pp. 252-253

Keyword(s):

Zoological Society ◽

Nail Varnish

Emma Huntley explains how researchers from the Zoological Society of London are using an inventive way to calculate bat populations

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List of the Vertebrated Animals in the London Zoological GardenList of the Vertebrated Animals Now or Lately Living in the Gardens of the Zoological Society of London.

The American Naturalist ◽

10.1086/271984 ◽

1877 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 681-682

Keyword(s):

Zoological Society

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Artificial Caries Lesion Characteristics after Secondary Demineralization with Theobromine-Containing Protocol

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26020300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 300

Author(s):

Hani M. Nassar ◽

Frank Lippert

Keyword(s):

Mineral Content ◽

Significance Level ◽

Lesion Depth ◽

Caries Lesion ◽

Mineral Profile ◽

Bonferroni Test ◽

Bovine Enamel ◽

Caries Lesions ◽

Nail Varnish

Developing artificial caries lesions with varying characteristics is needed to adequately study caries process in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate artificial caries lesion characteristics after secondary demineralization protocol containing theobromine and fluoride. Sixty bovine enamel slabs (4 × 3 mm) were demineralized using a Carbopol-containing protocol for 6 days. A baseline area (2 × 3 mm) was protected with acid-resistant nail varnish, after which specimens were exposed for 24 h to a secondary demineralization protocol containing acetic acid plus one of four fluoride/theobromine combinations (n = 15): theobromine (50 or 200 ppm) and fluoride (0 or 1 ppm). Specimens were sectioned and analyzed using transverse microradiography for changes in mineral content, lesion depth, and surface layer mineralization. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni test at 0.05 significance level. After secondary demineralization, fluoride-containing groups had significantly deeper lesions (p = 0.002 and 0.014) compared to the group with 0 ppm fluoride and 50 ppm theobromine. Mineral content and lesion depth were significantly different compared to baseline for all groups. Theobromine did not show an added effect on mineral uptake. Theobromine-containing groups exhibited particularly deep lesions with a more uniform mineral profile in the presence of fluoride.

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