‘Significant breakthrough’ in evolutionary avian genetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (19) ◽  
pp. 574-575
Keyword(s):  
Avian Species ◽  
Avian Genetics

Georgina Mills discusses recent research into songbirds, which looked at how they differ from other avian species

Identification of enteric Helicobacter in avian species

2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (9) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nebbia ◽  
C. Tramuta ◽  
M. Ortoffi ◽  
E. Bert ◽  
S. Cerruti Sola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avian Species

Avipoxvirus detected in tumor-like lesions in a white-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 818-823
Author(s):  
Juliana F.V. Braga ◽  
Rodrigo M. Couto ◽  
Marcelo C. Rodrigues ◽  
Roselene Ecco
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Avian Pox ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions

ABSTRACT: Avipoxvirus is the etiological agent of the avian pox, a well-known disease of captive and wild birds, and it has been associated with tumor-like lesions in some avian species. A white-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata) raised in captivity was referred to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Northeast due to cutaneous nodules present in both wings. A few days after the clinical examination, the animal died naturally. Once submitted to necropsy, histopathological evaluation of the lesions revealed clusters of proliferating epithelial cells expanding toward the dermis. Some of these cells had round, well-defined, intracytoplasmic eosinophilic material suggestive of poxvirus inclusion (Bollinger bodies). PCR performed on the DNA extracted from tissue samples amplified a fragment of the 4b core protein gene (fpv167), which was purified and sequenced. This fragment of Avipoxvirus DNA present in these tumor-like lesions showed high genetic homology (100.0%) with other poxviruses detected in different avian species in several countries, but none of them were related to tumor-like lesions or squamous cell carcinoma. This is the first report of Avipoxvirus detected in tumor-like lesions of a white-faced whistling duck with phylogenetic analysis of the virus.

scholarly journals Intra- and Cross-Species Transmission of Astroviruses

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Shanley N. Roach ◽  
Ryan A. Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Extensive Disease ◽  
New Host ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
New Host Species

Astroviruses are non-enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses that infect mammalian and avian species. In humans, astrovirus infections are one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis in children. Infection has also been linked to serious neurological complications, especially in immunocompromised individuals. More extensive disease has also been characterized in non-human mammalian and avian species. To date, astroviruses have been detected in over 80 different avian and mammalian hosts. As the number of hosts continues to rise, the need to understand how astroviruses transmit within a given species as well as to new host species becomes increasingly important. Here, we review the current understanding of astrovirus transmission, the factors that influence viral spread, and the potential for cross-species transmission. Additionally, we highlight the current gaps in knowledge and areas of future research that will be key to understanding astrovirus transmission and zoonotic potential.

scholarly journals Prevalence and genetic diversity of avian haemosporidian parasites in wild bird species of the order Columbiformes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne R. Schumm ◽  
Dimitris Bakaloudis ◽  
Christos Barboutis ◽  
Jacopo G. Cecere ◽  
Cyril Eraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Migration Strategy ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasites ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
And Migration

AbstractDiseases can play a role in species decline. Among them, haemosporidian parasites, vector-transmitted protozoan parasites, are known to constitute a risk for different avian species. However, the magnitude of haemosporidian infection in wild columbiform birds, including strongly decreasing European turtle doves, is largely unknown. We examined the prevalence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon and subgenera Haemoproteus and Parahaemoproteus in six species of the order Columbiformes during breeding season and migration by applying nested PCR, one-step multiplex PCR assay and microscopy. We detected infections in 109 of the 259 screened individuals (42%), including 15 distinct haemosporidian mitochondrial cytochrome b lineages, representing five H. (Haemoproteus), two H. (Parahaemoproteus), five Leucocytozoon and three Plasmodium lineages. Five of these lineages have never been described before. We discriminated between single and mixed infections and determined host species-specific prevalence for each parasite genus. Observed differences among sampled host species are discussed with reference to behavioural characteristics, including nesting and migration strategy. Our results support previous suggestions that migratory birds have a higher prevalence and diversity of blood parasites than resident or short-distance migratory species. A phylogenetic reconstruction provided evidence for H. (Haemoproteus) as well as H. (Parahaemoproteus) infections in columbiform birds. Based on microscopic examination, we quantified parasitemia, indicating the probability of negative effects on the host. This study provides a large-scale baseline description of haemosporidian infections of wild birds belonging to the order Columbiformes sampled in the northern hemisphere. The results enable the monitoring of future changes in parasite transmission areas, distribution and diversity associated with global change, posing a potential risk for declining avian species as the European turtle dove.

Heavy metal contamination in wild avian species inhabiting human-modified habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaitee Joshua ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Mehak Ayub ◽  
Shamaila Inayat Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Avian Species

scholarly journals Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with visceral metastases in a White Carneau pigeon and literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872199206
Author(s):  
Niora J. Fabian ◽  
Michael Y. Esmail ◽  
Lauren Richey ◽  
Sureshkumar Muthupalani ◽  
Jennifer L. Haupt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Visceral Metastases

Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas are malignant mesenchymal tumors of smooth muscle origin and are reported occasionally in avian species. A 14-y-old male laboratory White Carneau pigeon ( Columba livia) was presented for surgical excision of a cervical soft tissue mass. Ultrasonography with color flow Doppler imaging revealed multiple cavitations of mixed echogenicity within the mass and vascularization. Histologically, the dermis and subcutis were expanded by a densely cellular multinodular mass comprised of fusiform cells forming haphazardly arranged broad streams and short interwoven bundles, often surrounding blood vessels and variably sized cavitations. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunopositive for desmin and α–smooth muscle actin, and negative for pancytokeratin, S100, and von Willebrand factor. Based on histopathology and IHC findings, the cutaneous mass was diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma (LMS). The pigeon died 312 d post-operatively. Postmortem examination revealed masses infiltrating the left and right pulmonary airways and one hepatic nodule, but no regrowth at the surgical site. Histologic and IHC evaluation of the pulmonary and hepatic masses were consistent with LMS, representing metastatic foci from the primary cutaneous LMS. Our case highlights the malignant behavior and histomorphologic features of cutaneous LMS in an avian species.

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