Breed health summaries guide canine genetics research

Fungi from unique environments exhibit special physiological characters and plenty of bioactive natural products. However, the recalcitrant genetics or poor transformation efficiencies prevent scientists from systematically studying molecular biological mechanisms and exploiting their metabolites. In this study, we targeted a guanophilic fungus Amphichorda guana LC5815 and developed a genetic transformation system. We firstly established an efficient protoplast preparing method by conditional optimization of sporulation and protoplast regeneration. The regeneration rate of the protoplast is up to about 34.6% with 0.8 M sucrose as the osmotic pressure stabilizer. To develop the genetic transformation, we used the polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation, and the testing gene AG04914 encoding a major facilitator superfamily transporter was deleted in strain LC5815, which proves the feasibility of this genetic manipulation system. Furthermore, a uridine/uracil auxotrophic strain was created by using a positive screening protocol with 5-fluoroorotic acid as a selective reagent. Finally, the genetic transformation system was successfully established in the guanophilic fungus strain LC5815, which lays the foundation for the molecular genetics research and will facilitate the exploitation of bioactive secondary metabolites in fungi.

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Pediatric Cancer Genetics Research and an Evolving Preventive Ethics Approach for Return of Results after Death of the Subject

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/jlme.12295 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 529-537

Author(s):

Sarah Scollon ◽

Katie Bergstrom ◽

Laurence B. McCullough ◽

Amy L. McGuire ◽

Stephanie Gutierrez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Genetics ◽

Recurrence Risk ◽

Genomic Research ◽

Return Of Results ◽

Genetics Research ◽

Personal Significance ◽

Pediatric Diseases ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Preventive Ethics ◽

Risk Of Cancer

In the pediatric clinical setting, the parent/guardian will almost always be the authorized representative and designated recipient of clinical and research results, making the issue of to whom results should be returned in the pediatric setting less complex than in adult settings. It is also clear that, in genomic research related to pediatric diseases such as cancer, results may be of considerable clinical, ethical, and personal significance for parents in a number of ways, including a genomic explanation of the origin of their child’s cancer, implications for the genetic testing and medical care of other siblings and of the parents themselves, and reproductive planning with regard to the recurrence risk for future children to have an increased risk of cancer. However, what remains unclear is which results should be disclosed, and under what circumstances, to parents of deceased children.

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How genetics research in Parkinsonʼs disease is enhancing understanding of the common idiopathic forms of the disease

Current Opinion in Neurology ◽

10.1097/01.wco.0000186841.43505.e6 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 706-711 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Mark R Cookson ◽

Georgia Xiromerisiou ◽

Andrew Singleton

Keyword(s):

Genetics Research ◽

The Common

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Race and Ethnicity in Medical Research: Requirements Meet Reality

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00065.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 520-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Margaret A. Winker

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Medical Research ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Biomedical Research ◽

Race And Ethnicity ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Biomedical Literature ◽

Genetics Research ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Policy And Procedure

Race and ethnicity are commonly reported variables in biomedical research, but how they were initially determined is often not described and the rationale for analyzing them is often not provided. JAMA improved the reporting of these factors by implementing a policy and procedure for doing so. However, still lacking are careful consideration of what is actually being measured when race/ethnicity is described, consistent terminology, hypothesis-driven justification for analyzing race/ethnicity, and a consistent and generalizable measurement of socioeconomic status. Furthermore, some studies continue to use race/ethnicity as a proxy for genetics. Research into appropriate measures of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic factors, as well as education of researchers regarding issues of race/ethnicity, is necessary to clarify the meaning of race/ethnicity in the biomedical literature.

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