Defra scales down badger vaccination trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Badger Vaccination

scholarly journals Simulating the next steps in badger control for bovine tuberculosis in England

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248426
Author(s):  
Graham C. Smith ◽  
Richard Budgey
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fertility Control ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Control Option ◽  
Badger Vaccination ◽  
The Uk

Industry-led culling of badgers has occurred in England to reduce the incidence of bovine tuberculosis in cattle for a number of years. Badger vaccination is also possible, and a move away from culling was “highly desirable” in a recent report to the UK government. Here we used an established simulation model to examine badger control option in a post-cull environment in England. These options included no control, various intermittent culling, badger vaccination and use of a vaccine combined with fertility control. The initial simulated cull led to a dramatic reduction in the number of infected badgers present, which increased slowly if there was no further badger management. All three approaches led to a further reduction in the number of infected badgers, with little to choose between the strategies. We do note that of the management strategies only vaccination on its own leads to a recovery of the badger population, but also an increase in the number of badgers that need to be vaccinated. We conclude that vaccination post-cull, appears to be particularly effective, compared to vaccination when the host population is at carrying capacity.

scholarly journals Safety of African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate Lv17/WB/Rie1 in Wild Boar: Overdose and Repeated Doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Barasona ◽  
Estefanía Cadenas-Fernández ◽  
Aleksandra Kosowska ◽  
Sandra Barroso-Arévalo ◽  
Belén Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Oral Vaccination ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Repeated Doses

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal infectious disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar. Outbreaks of ASF have grown considerably in the last decade causing important economic consequences for the swine industry. Its control is hampered by the lack of an effective treatment or vaccine. In Europe, the wild boar is a key wild reservoir for ASF. The results of the oral vaccination trial of wild boar with Lv17/WB/Rie1 are hope for this problem. However, this vaccine candidate has certain safety concerns, since it is a naturally attenuated vaccine. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the safety of this vaccine candidate in terms of overdose (high dose) and repeated doses (revaccination) in wild boar. Low-dose orally vaccinated animals developed only a slight transient fever after vaccination and revaccination. This was also the case for most of the high-dose vaccinated wild boar, except for one of them which succumbed after revaccination. Although this fatality was related to hierarchical fights between animals, we consider that further studies are required for clarification. Considering these new results and the current epidemiological situation of ASF in wild boar, this vaccine prototype is a promising tool for the control of the disease in these wild populations, although further studies are needed.

A vaccination trial with a precocious line of Eimeria magna in Algerian local rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

2018 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sadek Bachene ◽  
Soraya Temim ◽  
Hassina Ainbaziz ◽  
Asma Bachene ◽  
Xun Suo
Keyword(s):  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Precocious Line

scholarly journals Meningococcal Disease Caused by Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B Serotype 4 in São Paulo, Brazil, 1990 to 1996

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Tavares Sacchi ◽  
Ana Paula Silva de Lemos ◽  
Maria Claudia C. Camargo ◽  
Anne M. Whitney ◽  
Carmo Elias A. Melles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Frequent Pattern ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Prevalent Strain

A large epidemic of serogroup B meningococcal disease (MD), has been occurring in greater São Paulo, Brazil, since 1988.21 A Cuban-produced vaccine, based on outer-membrane-protein (OMP) from serogroup B: serotype 4: serosubtype P1.15 (B:4:P1.15) Neisseria meningitidis, was given to about 2.4 million children aged from 3 months to 6 years during 1989 and 1990. The administration of vaccine had little or no measurable effects on this outbreak. In order to detect clonal changes that could explain the continued increase in the incidence of disease after the vaccination, we serotyped isolates recovered between 1990 and 1996 from 834 patients with systemic disease. Strains B:4:P1.15, which was detected in the area as early as 1977, has been the most prevalent phenotype since 1988. These strains are still prevalent in the area and were responsible for about 68% of 834 serogroup B cases in the last 7 years. We analyzed 438 (52%) of these strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLPs) of rRNA genes (ribotyping). The most frequent pattern obtained was referred to as Rb1 (68%). We concluded that the same clone of B:4:P1.15-Rb1 strains was the most prevalent strain and responsible for the continued increase of incidence of serogroup B MD cases in greater São Paulo during the last 7 years in spite of the vaccination trial.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Actively personalized vaccination trial for newly diagnosed glioblastoma

Nature ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 566 (7745) ◽  
pp. E13-E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Hilf ◽  
Sabrina Kuttruff-Coqui ◽  
Katrin Frenzel ◽  
Valesca Bukur ◽  
Stefan Stevanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

Biological function of Dictyocaulus viviparus asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 and its suitability as a vaccine target

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIA HOLZHAUSEN ◽  
CLAAS HAAKE ◽  
SABINE SCHICHT ◽  
PETRA HINSE ◽  
DANIELA JORDAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Function ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Immunoblot Analysis ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Bovine Collagen ◽  
Enzyme Cascade ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Enzyme Functions

SUMMARYThe present study characterized the biological function of the asparaginyl peptidase legumain-1 (LEG-1) of the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus and its suitability as a recombinant vaccine against dictyocaulosis. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblot analysis revealed LEG-1 to be almost exclusively transcribed and expressed in parasitic lungworm stages. Immunohistochemistry localized the enzyme in the parasite's gut, which was confirmed by immunoblots detecting LEG-1 in the gut as well as male testes. LEG-1 was recombinantly (rLEG-1) expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris and subsequently analysed in activity assays for its enzyme functions and substrate specificity. For sufficient functionality, rLEG-1 needed trans-activation through D. viviparus cathepsin L-2, indicating a novel mechanism of legumain activation. After trans-activation, rLEG-1 worked best at pH 5·5 and 35–39 °C and cleaved a legumain-specific artificial substrate as well as the natural substrates bovine collagen types I and II. In a clinical vaccination trial, rLEG-1 did not protect against challenge infection. Results of in vitro characterization, transcription pattern and localization enhance the presumption that LEG-1 participates in digestion processes of D. viviparus. Since rLEG-1 needs trans-activation through a cathepsin, it is probably involved in an enzyme cascade and therefore remains interesting as a candidate in a multi-component vaccine.

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