Chronic renal failure in dogs: a comparative clinical and morphological study of chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic interstitial nephritis

1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (15) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wright ◽  
E. Fisher ◽  
W. Morrison ◽  
W. Thomson ◽  
A. Nash
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis

Acrolein produced from polyamines as one of the uraemic toxins

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sakata ◽  
K. Kashiwagi ◽  
S. Sharmin ◽  
S. Ueda ◽  
K. Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Amine Oxidase ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Toxic Compound ◽  
Amine Oxidase Activity

It is well known that the addition of spermine or spermidine to culture medium containing ruminant serum inhibits cellular proliferation. This effect is caused by the products of oxidation of polyamines that are generated by serum amine oxidase. Among the products, we found that acrolein is a major toxic compound produced from spermine and spermidine by amine oxidase. We then analysed the level of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and amine oxidase activity in plasma of patients with chronic renal failure. It was found that the levels of putrescine and the amine oxidase activity were increased, whereas spermidine and spermine were decreased in plasma of patients with chronic renal failure. The levels of free and protein-conjugated acrolein were also increased in plasma of patients with chronic renal failure. An increase in putrescine, amine oxidase and acrolein in plasma was observed in all cases such as diabetic nephropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis and nephrosclerosis. These results suggest that acrolein is produced during the early stage of nephritis through kidney damage and also during uraemia through accumulation of polyamines in blood due to the decrease in their excretion into urine.

Autopsy Findings in Patients Treated by Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Sombolos ◽  
Peter McNamee ◽  
Ahmed Mitwalli ◽  
Sol Rabinovich ◽  
Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Organ Changes ◽  
Acquired Cystic Disease

From October 1977 to October 1985, our pathology department did autopsies on 19 patients (14 men, five women) treated by CAPD for four to 55 (mean 29.3) months. Their mean age was 60.2 (range 28–79) years and the primary renal diseases were diabetes mellitus (eight), nephrosclerosis (five), polycystic kidneys (three), chronic glomerulonephritis (one) and chronic renal failure associated with sarcoidosis and congestive cardiomyopathy in two. During the same period, the authors selected as controls 18 autopsied patients (14 men, four women), who had not had chronic renal failure, and these were matched with the CAPD patients for age, sex, longstanding hypertension and insulin-dependent diabetes. Direct causes of death for CAPD patients were cardiovascular incidents (12) infection (5), pancreatitis (1) and lung cancer (1); in controls, the causes were cardiovascular in 11 and infection in two. Thirteen of the CAPD and 12 autopsied controls had coronary artery stenosis equal to or greater than 70%, and affecting one or more arteries. The mean weight of organs in CAPD patients and controls were similar except for kidneys and the spleen; we found the latter weighed more in those on CAPD (p = 0.002). In CAPD patients the most important organ changes were: evidence of myocardial infarction, old or acute, in nine, acquired cystic disease of the kidney in five, and thickening and adhesions of peritoneum in nine and five respectively.

A study of haptoglobin phenotypes in patients with chronic renal failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 680-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Awadallah ◽  
Mawieh Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Reflux Nephropathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Polycystic Kidney ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Blood Specimens

Background: This study has investigated the association between haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism and the occurrence of chronic renal failure (CRF) in Jordanians. Methods: Blood specimens were collected from 159 patients with CRF resulting from various predisposing conditions and from 200 healthy unrelated controls. Hp phenotyping was conducted using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: The Hp 2-2 phenotype was over-represented in CRF patients in general (0.547), patients with hypertension (0.622) and patients with diabetes mellitus (0.633). The Hp 2-1 phenotype was over-represented in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis (0.549) and patients with reflux nephropathy (0.445). In patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), only Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2 were detected, occurring at a frequency of 0.214 and 0.786, respectively. The frequency of Hp 2 allele in PKD patients was 0.893 compared with 0.706 in the control group. Hp-type distribution was in agreement with the expectations of a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all groups except for the hypertensive patients. Conclusions: Haptoglobin homozygosity seems to represent a possible risk factor for CRF in hypertensive, diabetic and PKD patients; Hp heterozygosity may lead to chronic glomerulonephritis.

scholarly journals HUMORAL IMMUNITY TO THE DAMAGE OF LIPID METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH RENOCARDIAC SYNDROME

2017 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
N. V. Demikhova
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Failure Group

A total of 289 patients with chronic renocardiac syndrome, 204 of them with chronic glomerulonephritis and 85 diabetic nephropathy. The worsening of the lipid metabolism, depending on the degree of chronic renal failure (CRF), I noted in the degree of CKD, manifested increased low density lipoprotein (LDL) of 1.22 times (p=0.004), triglycerides (p=0.02), atherogenicity index (p<0.0001) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (p<0.001). The coefficient of LDL / HDL ratio was greatest in patients with CRF I, which indicates the most intense pro-atherogenic processes in these patients. The biological role of education lipoprotein immune complexes (LPIC) is confirmed by us revealed a statistically significant negative correlation between the ratio and the atherogenic LDL IgG (r=- 0,3; p=0.04), and LDL atherogenic factor IgM (r=-0,46, p=0.01) in patients with chronic renal failure group 1. A statistically significant negative correlation between daily proteinuria and LDL IgG, LDL IgM (r=-0,3; p=0,005; r=-0,4; p=0.004, respectively), which suggests the assumption of our damaging effect LPIC on the renal glomerulus.

Baroreflex Sensitivity in Renal Failure

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Tomiyama ◽  
Tatsuo Shiigai ◽  
Terukuni Ideura ◽  
Kimio Tomita ◽  
Yasuyoshi Mito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Blood Pressure Elevation

1. Baroreflex sensitivity was evaluated in 22 non-dialysed patients with chronic renal failure secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis. Baroreflex sensitivity was judged by the slope of the linear regression of the pulse interval on the rise in systolic blood pressure with injection of phenylephrine or reduction by amyl nitrite inhalation. 2. Baroreflex sensitivity was reduced in these patients as compared with normal controls. Reduction of baroreflex sensitivity was significantly greater in nine hypertensive than 13 normotensive patients with chronic renal failure. 3. A significant positive correlation was found between baroreflex sensitivity and motor nerve conduction velocity measured on ulnar nerve in 13 patients examined. 4. Saline was given with high dietary salt intake to seven normotensive patients with chronic renal failure for 2 or 5 days in order to determine whether the severe depression of baroreflex sensitivity can be an initiating factor for hypertension. Blood pressure was raised to hypertensive levels within 5 days in two patients in whom baroreflex sensitivity was nearly as low as that of hypertensive patients, but not in five cases whose baroreflex sensitivity was normal or only mildly depressed. Plasma volume increased to the same degree in both groups. Baroreflex sensitivity did not change in the former two cases despite blood pressure elevation. 5. It is concluded that reduced baroreflex sensitivity in chronic renal failure correlated with the presence of hypertension, as well as uraemic neuropathy, and may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of hypertension in end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis.

scholarly journals A case report of chronic interstitial nephritis associated with Chinese herbal supplement Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren J. Joshi ◽  
Reginald Obi
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Acute Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Herbal Supplement ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis

We report a case of renal failure associated with ingestion of Chinese herbal weight loss supplement called Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen. A 33 year old African American female who had been ingesting Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen for about one year in duration. The patient presented to our facility with renal failure requiring dialysis for one month from unknown etiology. The patient had a normal creatinine level a few months prior to starting dialysis. The patient had no additional medical history. Her urine studies were positive for sterile pyuria, suggestive of interstitial nephritis. She subsequently underwent a kidney biopsy which showed severe chronic interstitial nephritis due to Zi Xiu Tang Bee Pollen. The Chinese herbal supplement was discontinued, but patient remained dialysis dependent. Our literature search showed one other reported case of bee pollen associated with acute interstitial nephritis that required short term hemodialysis with renal recovery after discontinuation of supplement. This unique case highlights the growing health risks posed by nonprescription diet supplements and they can potentially add to the increasing burden of kidney disease. 

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