Comparison of in vitro activity of danofloxacin, florlenicol, oxytetracycline, spectinomycin and tilmicosin against Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony type

2000 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Ayling ◽  
S. E. Baker ◽  
R. A. J. Nicholas ◽  
M. L. Peek ◽  
A. J. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽  
Small Colony

scholarly journals Selected ethno-medicinal plants from Kenya with in vitro activity against major African livestock pathogens belonging to the “ Mycoplasma mycoides cluster”

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 524-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Kama-Kama ◽  
Jacob Midiwo ◽  
Joseph Nganga ◽  
Naomi Maina ◽  
Elise Schiek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro activity of finafloxacin against staphylococci displaying normal and small colony variant phenotypes

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2809-2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Idelevich ◽  
André Kriegeskorte ◽  
William Stubbings ◽  
Barbara C. Kahl ◽  
Georg Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Small Colony Variant ◽  
Small Colony

scholarly journals Characterization of Strains of Mycoplasma mycoidessubsp. mycoides Small Colony Type Isolated from Recent Outbreaks of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia in Botswana and Tanzania: Evidence for a New Biotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1419-1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. March ◽  
Jason Clark ◽  
Malcolm Brodlie
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Protective Antigens ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽  
Small Colony

Four strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.mycoides small colony type (MmmSC) isolated from recent outbreaks of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Africa have been investigated. One Botswanan strain, M375, displayed numerous and significant phenotypic differences from both contemporary field isolates and older field and vaccine strains (African, Australian, and European strains dating back to 1936). Differences include altered morphology, reduced capsular polysaccharide production, high sensitivity to MmmSC rabbit hyperimmune antisera in vitro, and unique polymorphisms following immunoblotting. While insertion sequence analysis using IS1634 clearly indicates a close evolutionary relationship to west African strains, hybridization with IS1296 shows the absence of a band present in all other strains of MmmSC examined. The data suggest that a deletion has occurred in strain M375, which may explain its altered phenotype, including poor growth in vitro and a relative inability to cause septicemia in mice. These characteristics are also exhibited byMycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae(causal agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia [CCPP]), against which M375 antiserum exhibited some activity in vitro (unique among the various MmmSC antisera tested). These findings may have evolutionary implications, since CCPP is believed to be lung specific and without a septicemic phase (unlike CBPP). Since M375 was isolated from a clinical case of CBPP, this novel biotype may be fairly widespread but not normally isolated due to difficulty of culture and/or a potentially altered disease syndrome. Bovine convalescent antisera (obtained from contemporary naturally infected cattle in Botswana) were active against strain M375 in an in vitro growth inhibition test but not against any other strains of MmmSC tested. There exists the possibility therefore, that strain M375 may possess a set of protective antigens different from those of other strains of MmmSC (including vaccine strains). These findings have implications for the control of the current CBPP epidemic in Africa.

scholarly journals Assessing the In Vitro Effectiveness of Antimicrobials against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small-Colony Type To Reduce Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 5162-5165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Ayling ◽  
S. Bisgaard-Frantzen ◽  
J. B. March ◽  
K. Godinho ◽  
R. A. J. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽  
Small Colony

ABSTRACT In vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for 21 antimicrobials against 41 isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small-colony type, the cause of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. Of the antimicrobials used most widely in Africa, oxytetracycline and tilmicosin were effective, while the isolates were resistant to tylosin. These results provide a baseline for monitoring antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony Type to Bovine Epithelial Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela F. Bischof ◽  
Carole Janis ◽  
Edy M. Vilei ◽  
Giuseppe Bertoni ◽  
Joachim Frey
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia ◽  
Colony Type ◽  
Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽  
Small Colony ◽  
High Cytotoxicity

ABSTRACT The cytotoxicities of various strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony type (SC), the agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), were measured in vitro using embryonic calf nasal epithelial (ECaNEp) cells. Strains isolated from acute cases of CBPP induced high cytotoxicity in the presence of glycerol, concomitant with the release of large amounts of toxic H2O2 that were found to be translocated into the cytoplasms of the host cells by close contact of the Mycoplasma strains with the host cells. Currently used vaccine strains also showed high cytotoxicity and high H2O2 release, indicating that they are attenuated in another virulence attribute. Strains isolated from recent European outbreaks of CBPP with mild clinical signs, which are characterized by a defect in the glycerol uptake system, released small amounts of H2O2 and showed low cytotoxicity to ECaNEp cells. M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC strain PG1 released large amounts of H2O2 but was only slightly cytotoxic. PG1 was found to have a reduced capacity to bind to ECaNEp cells and was unable to translocate H2O2 into the bovine cells, in contrast to virulent strains that release large amounts of H2O2. Thus, an efficient translocation of H2O2 into host cells is a prerequisite for the cytotoxic effect and requires an intact adhesion mechanism to ensure a close contact between mycoplasmas and host cells.

scholarly journals Comparative In Vitro Activity of Ceftobiprole against Staphylococci Displaying Normal and Small-Colony Variant Phenotypes

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 4372-4374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof von Eiff ◽  
Alexander W. Friedrich ◽  
Karsten Becker ◽  
Georg Peters
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Small Colony Variant ◽  
Antistaphylococcal Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Small Colony

ABSTRACT The antistaphylococcal activity of ceftobiprole was compared with those of cefuroxime, linezolid, and moxifloxacin by using the agar dilution method. Apart from three strains with small-colony variant phenotypes, all Staphylococcus aureus isolates tested were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml of ceftobiprole. This compound exhibited an excellent antistaphylococcal activity, comparable to that of linezolid.

In Vitro Activity of Phytocannabinoids from High Potency Cannabis sativa

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Husni ◽  
S Ross ◽  
O Dale ◽  
C Gemelli ◽  
G Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
High Potency
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