Efficacy of oral calcium pentosan polysulphate for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the canine stifle joint secondary to cranial cruciate ligament deficiency

2000 ◽  
Vol 146 (15) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Innes ◽  
A. R. S. Barr ◽  
M. Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Oral Calcium ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Pentosan Polysulphate ◽  
Canine Stifle

Modelling the Effects of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection, Medial Meniscal Release and Triple Tibial Osteotomy on Stability of the Canine Stifle Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
Tanja V. Jensen ◽  
Signe S. Kristiansen ◽  
Lene E. Buelund ◽  
James E. Miles
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Tibial Osteotomy ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Loading Ratio ◽  
Canine Stifle

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo effects of sequential cranial cruciate ligament transection (CCLx), medial meniscal release (MMR) and triple tibial osteotomy (TTO) on canine stifle stability compared with the intact state, across a wide range of joint angles. Study Design Nine right hind limb preparations were instrumented to provide constant quadriceps and gastrocnemius loads in a 3:1 ratio, and extended from full flexion during fluoroscopic recording. Recordings were repeated after each of CCLx, MMR and TTO. Fluoroscopic landmarks were used to calculate tibial subluxation and patellar ligament angle. Results Medial meniscal release resulted in additional cranial tibial subluxation compared with CCLx. Triple tibial osteotomy restored stifle stability up to a joint angle of 125 degrees. The presence of the crossover angle could be inferred from the patellar ligament angle and subluxation curves. Conclusion Our results suggest that in the cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle, the crossover angle at which loading shifts between the caudal and cranial cruciate ligaments is dependent on both loading and integrity of the medial meniscus. Triple tibial osteotomy improves stifle stability over a wide range of joint angles under a quadricep to gastrocnemius loading ratio of 3:1 by converting cranial tibial thrust to caudal tibial thrust, due to TTO increasing the amount of joint extension required to reach the crossover angle.

A Model of the Canine Stifle Joint With Representation of Medial Meniscus During Squat Motion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonis Stylianou ◽  
Trent Guess ◽  
Leo Olcott ◽  
Gavin Paiva ◽  
Mohammad Kia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Multibody Modeling ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Canine Stifle

Subject specific anatomical models of the canine stifle can be extremely valuable in understanding the biomechanical risks and causes associated with cranial cruciate ligament and meniscal injuries. Such models would also be powerful in improving preventative and therapeutic strategies for canines [1]. The menisci play an important role in joint function by transmitting tibio-femoral loads and by reducing the pressure on the articular cartilage. Multibody modeling methods often ignore the menisci in order to simplify the representation of the joint structures.

Biomechanical Properties of the Stifle Joint Lateral Collateral Ligament in Dogs

1992 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Blackketter ◽  
J Harari ◽  
J. Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Fibular Head ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint

Bone/lateral collateral ligament/bone preparations were tested and structural mechanical properties compared to properties of cranial cruciate ligament in 15 dogs. The lateral collateral ligament has sufficient stiffness to provide stifle joint stability and strength to resist acute overload following fibular head transposition.

Effect of Suture Type on Stifle Joint Biomechanics After Extra-Articular Repair of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection in the Dog

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
pp. 144-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Bauer ◽  
W. E. Blevins ◽  
W. R. Widmer ◽  
Jaqueline Davidson ◽  
S. W. Aiken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Tibial Tuberosity ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Joint Biomechanics ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

SummaryThe effect of two suture types, monofilament polybutester and braided polyester, on stifle joint biomechanics after extra-articular repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture was evaluated by analysis of the instant centre of motion. The instant centres of motion and resulting velocity vectors were determined radiographically on both stifles of eight fresh canine cadavers before and after cranial cruciate ligament transection. After ligament transection, all 16 stifles were repaired with an extra-articular technique utilizing a double strand of suture placed between the lateral fabella and the tibial tuberosity. One stifle on each cadaver was repaired with each suture type. The instant centres of motion and resulting velocity vectors were re-evaluated post repair. All stifles had normal instant centres of motion prior to transection of the cranial cruciate ligament. Neither ligament transection nor extra-articular repair with either suture type resulted in an abnormal change in the instant centre of motion.

scholarly journals Arthroscopic Articular Cartilage Scores of the Canine Stifle Joint with Naturally Occurring Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Agnello ◽  
Kei Hayashi ◽  
Dorothy Cimino Brown
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Meniscal Tear ◽  
Trochlear Groove ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Medial Meniscal Tear ◽  
Severity Scores

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate frequency, location and severity of cartilage pathology in dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease. Study Design Stifle arthroscopic video recordings (n = 120) were reviewed. A modified Outerbridge classification system (MOCS) (0–4) was used to score cartilage at 10 locations in the femorotibial (medial and lateral femoral condyles and tibial plateaus) and patellofemoral compartments (proximal, middle and distal locations of the patella and femoral trochlear groove) of the stifle joint. Synovial pathology was scored and the presence of a medial meniscal tear was recorded. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate association of location and synovitis with cartilage score; and presence of meniscal tear with cartilage and synovitis scores. Bonferroni correction was utilized and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results Cartilage pathology and synovitis were identified in all joints. Overall cartilage severity scores were low (median MOCS 1). The median MOCS of the proximal trochlear groove (2) was significantly higher than all other locations evaluated. Higher synovitis scores were significantly associated with higher cartilage severity scores and a medial meniscal tear had no association with cartilage severity scores or synovitis. Conclusion Arthroscopic articular cartilage lesions are common in dogs with CCL disease at the time of surgical intervention, although the severity of cartilage damage is mild. The proximal trochlear groove of the femur had the most severe cartilage score in the stifle joint.

Reducing susceptibility artefacts in magnetic resonance images of the canine stifle following surgery for cranial cruciate ligament deficiency

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 488-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Grierson ◽  
C. R. Lamb ◽  
F. H. David
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Image Ranking ◽  
Canine Stifle

SummaryBackground: Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the postoperative canine stifle are adversely affected by susceptibility artefacts associated with metallic implants.Objectives: To determine empirically to what extent susceptibility artefacts could be reduced by modifications to MR technique.Methods: Three cadaveric limbs with a tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA), or extra-capsular stabilization (ECS) implant, respectively, were imaged at 1.5T. Series of proton density and T2-weighted images were acquired with different combinations of frequency-encoding gradient (FEG) direction and polarity, stifle flexion or extension, echo spacing (ES), and readout bandwidth (ROBW), and ranked. The highest rank (a rank of 1) corresponded to the smallest artefact.Results: Image ranking was affected by FEG polarity (p = 0.005), stifle flexion (p = 0.01), and ROBW (p = 0.0001). For TPLO and TTA implants, the highest ranked images were obtained with the stifle flexed, lateromedial FEG, and medial polarity for dorsal images, and craniocaudal FEG and caudal polarity for sagittal images. For the ECS implant, the highest ranked images were obtained with the stifle extended, a proximodistal FEG and proximal polarity for dorsal images, and craniocaudal FEG and cranial polarity for sagittal images.Clinical significance: Susceptibility artefacts in MR images of postoperative canine stifles do not preclude clinical evaluation of joints with ECS or TTA implants.Part of this study was presented at the Annual Meeting of the American College of Veterinary Radiology, Albuquerque, NM, October 2011.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document