Effects of season, herd size, management system and veterinary practice on the lameness incidence in dairy cattle

1983 ◽  
Vol 113 (19) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rowlands ◽  
A. Russell ◽  
L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management System ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Veterinary Practice

scholarly journals Occurrence of internal parasites in cattle in various management systems in South-East Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 501-506
Author(s):  
KRZYSZTOF TOMCZUK ◽  
KLAUDIUSZ SZCZEPANIAK ◽  
MARTA DEMKOWSKA-KUTRZEPA ◽  
MONIKA ROCZEŃ-KARCZMARZ ◽  
ANDRZEJ JUNKUSZEW ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management System ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Internal Parasites

The changes in the cattle farming system in Poland observed in the last two decades and related to its evolution into massive scale, specialized farming may have an influence on the occurrence of parasitoses. The study was aimed at showing differences in the prevalence of internal parasites in cattle depending on the herd size, management system and production type. In the period of October to December in 2016 and 2017, the study covered 46 farms with a livestock density from 2 to 160 animals (over 1 year of age), including 25 farms with a confined management system, 12 farms using pastures occasionally and 7 farms with animals using pastures during the whole season. Out of these farms, 36 were oriented towards dairy cattle and 10 to beef cattle. The analytical methods involved flotation, sedimentation and the Baermann technique. In total, 276 feces samples were analyzed. The analysis involved a representative number of samples from each farm, depending on the herd size: from 100% of the animals in the smallest farms to 10% in the largest ones. In total, eleven different taxa of parasites were identified, and their general prevalence was as follows: Eimeria spp. 24.6%, Buxtonella sulcata 25.7%, Strongyloides papillosus 7.6%, gastrointestinal nematodes (Trichostrongylidae, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum) 35.1%, Nematodirus spp. 4.7%, Bunostomum phlebotomum 7.6%, Trichuris spp. 6.2%, Fasciola hepatica 6.9%, Paramphistomum spp 2.5%, Moniezia spp. 2.9%, Dictyocaulus viviparus 2.5%. The forms of parasites were found in samples coming from all studied herds. Invasions of protozoa (Eimeria, Buxtonella) were most commonly found in dairy cattle, in large herds managed in a free stall barn system and in beef cattle, in large herds managed in a pasture system. These herds were also most frequently infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The invasions of trematodes, tapeworms and pulmonary nematodes were detected only in cattle using pastures, most commonly in large herds..

ARE TODAY’S DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING PROGRAMS SUITABLE FOR TOMORROW’S PRODUCTION REQUIREMENTS?

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. McALLISTER
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
National Production

In the last decade the dairy cattle population has declined to a level of 1.9 million cows in 1978 with about 56% of these cows bred AI and nearly 20% of the population enrolled in a supervised milk recording program. The decline in cow numbers has been accompanied by an increase in herd size and production per cow. The current breeding program of the dairy industry is a composite of breeding decisions made by AI organizations, breeders who produce young bulls for sampling and all dairymen who choose the sires and dams of their replacement heifers. Estimates of genetic trend from 1958–1975 for milk production in the national milk recorded herd range from 21 to 55 kg per year for the four dairy breeds with Holsteins being 41 kg per year. Both differential use of superior proven sires and improved genetic merit of young bulls entering AI studs contribute to this genetic improvement. Various national production and marketing alternatives were examined. Selection is a major breeding tool in establishing a breeding program to meet national production requirements for milk and milk products once the selection goal is defined. AI and young sire sampling programs will continue to be the primary vehicle for genetic improvement through selection regardless of the selection goal. The current resources of milk-recorded cows bred AI is not being fully utilized to achieve maximum genetic progress possible from young sire sampling indicate that the number of young bulls sampled annually in the Holstein breed could be tripled with the existing milk-recorded and AI bred dairy cow population. Expanded milk recording and AI breeding levels could increase the potential for even further genetic improvement. The potential impact of selection for other traits, crossbreeding and the use of embryo transfer of future breeding programs is highlighted.

scholarly journals Associations between milking technology, herd size and milk production parameters on commercial dairy cattle farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Dorottya Ivanyos ◽  
László Ózsvári ◽  
István Fodor ◽  
Csaba Németh ◽  
Attila Monostori
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of the study was to survey the milking technology and to analyse the associations between milking parlour type, herd size, and milk production parameters on dairy cattle farms. The milking technology was surveyed by using a questionnaire in 417 Hungarian dairy herds with 177,514 cows in 2017, and it was compared with their official farm milk production data. The surveyed farms were categorized according to their size (1-50, 51-300, 301-600, and >600 cows) and to their milking parlour types (herringbone, parallel, carousel, and others). The relationships were analysed by multivariate linear models, one-way ANOVA, and Fisher’s exact test. Pairwise comparisons were performed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. The prevailing type of milking parlour was herringbone (71.0 %), but on larger farms the occurrence of parallel and carousel parlours increased (p<0.001). The number of milking stalls per farm increased with herd size (p<0.001). Farms with herringbone parlour had significantly smaller number of milking stalls than that of parallel (p=0.022) and carousel (p<0.001) parlours, and the cows were mostly milked two times, while in carousel milking parlours mostly three times a day. As the herd size increased, so did daily milk yield (p<0.001) and daily milk production per cow (p<0.001). Herd size was associated with somatic cell count (p<0.001). The type of milking parlour showed significant association with daily milk yield (p=0.039) and dairy units with herringbone milking system had the lowest milk quality. Our findings show that herd size has greater impact on milk production parameters than milking technologies.

MODERN "HERD MANAGEMENT" SYSTEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF MODEL DAIRY FARMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Askar Baymuhanov ◽  
◽  
Galina Guseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management System ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Herd Management ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding

In terms of transition to loose housing, the issue of herd management is becoming especially acute. The aim of the study is to substantiate the efficiency of milk production using innovative technologies based on 7 model dairy farms containing 100 or more dairy cows. The relevance of the research topic is in the analysis of the effective application of the “Herd Management” system through digital technologies and intensive feeding for raising young animals of various groups. The economic effect of the introduction of innovative technologies in these economic entities is shown, which made it possible to determine the potential for their development, to assess the results of conducting production processes. The authors note the importance for dairy industry of the transfer and adaptation of technologies for automation of technological processes for production of livestock products in dairy cattle breeding in Kazakhstan, which will contribute to the achievement of goals and indicators as part of the implementation of the State Program on Development of the Agroindustrial Complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2017-2021. Examples of model farms, where high financial indicators were obtained on the basis of calculations, are presented. It was revealed that the development of dairy cattle breeding and the increase in productivity of cows largely depends on intensification of forage production, organization of proper care and maintenance of livestock, the breed and quality of raised heifers intended for reproduction. It was determined that in the experimental groups, when optimizing the feed rations of young cattle, the increase in live weight of the studied farm animals increases.

Studies of the Australian Illawarra Shorthorn breed of dairy cattle. I. Breed structure

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
ND Herron ◽  
WA Pattie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
Breed Improvement ◽  
The One

The structure of the pedigree Australian Illawarra Shorthorn breed in Australia was analysed by using registration data from the Society's Herd Books. The breed may be divided into three broad levels, namely, Breeders' Herds, Multipliers' Herds and Grade (unregistered) Herds. Of the registered herds, 32% are Breeders' Herds and the remainder are Multipliers' Herds. These are each subdivided into four strata depending on their importance as a source of breeding material, and on their registration practices respectively. Of major importance is the highest stratum of the breed. It comprised only 13.6% of all herds, but accounted for 40.5% of male and 24.8% of female registrations. There is a high ratio of females to males registered of 5.9, which indicates considerable selective registration of males. The degree of this selective registration generally increases at the lower strata, ranging from 3.6 at the top of the structure to 8.7 toward the bottom of the structure. Of all new herds initiated from 1931 to 1971, 44% survived less than 5 years. These short-lived herds averaged only 3.3 female registrations per year, but herd size increased as longevity increased. These points highlight the instability of new, small studs, and indicate that few herds are big enough, or exist for long enough, to contribute significantly to breed improvement. It is not likely that there is much genetic variation between herds. Bulls from major breeders' herds are used widely throughout the breed, while 68% of sires and 24% of dams are bred in herds other than the one in which they were used.

scholarly journals Understanding the Awareness, Knowledge, and Opinion of Dairy Cattle Welfare among Dairy Farmers in Keningau, Sabah

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Mohammed Babatunde Sadiq ◽  
Sim Song-Lin ◽  
Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon ◽  
Sharifah Salmah Syed-Hussain ◽  
Wan Mastura Shaik Mossadeq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Issues Management ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
High Production ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
High Production Level ◽  
Lying Down

This study aimed to assess the knowledge and opinions about DCW among dairy cattle farmers in Keningau, Sabah. A questionnaire was developed, validated, and administered by hand to 30 farmers. The data collected include farmers’ and farm demographics, and opinions regarding the criteria and indicators of DCW. Only 17 respondents (57%) had heard of “dairy cattle welfare” before this study. Nine farmers (30.0%) had poor knowledge about DCW criteria, whereas 13 (43.7%) and 8 (26.7%) farmers had satisfactory and good knowledge, respectively. Farmers with higher education, larger herd size, high production level, and exotic cattle breeds showed a better understanding. Farmers understood most of the indicators; however, opinions regarding cattle behavior during milking, their physical appearance and their lying down behaviour need to be improved. Nevertheless, 28 respondents ranked their animals’ welfare as either good or satisfactory, which further reflects a poor implementation of DCW measures. The main factors suggested by farmers to influence DCW in their herds were facilities, worker issues, management practices, and animal well-being. In conclusion, guidance from veterinarians and animal welfare specialists may be needed to improve the farmers’ understanding and practices of DCW.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN SUHU LINGKUNGAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TERNAK SAPI PERAH MELALUI PENDEKATAAN STOCHASTIC FRONTIER (Study Kasus di Peternakan Rakyat KUTT Suka Makmur)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Dela Harini ◽  
Bagus Priyo Purwanto ◽  
Suryahadi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Environment Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Small Holder

This study observed environmental temperature and rearing management of dairy cattlein KUTT Suka Makmur. This research was aimed to evaluate comparison of environment temperature, productivity, and the technic inefficiency dairy cattle in lowland and highland. Datacollected from 40 respondents in lowland and 40 respondents in highland regions. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics and stochastic frontier production. The results showed that temperatures in the lolands were higher than that of highland, at the range of 24-27 oC, socattle experiencing heat stress, the impact was cattle consumedless feed. In contrast, the highlands temperature relatively low, at range of22-24 oC and produce more milk than that of lowland. The significant variabel of stochastic frontier was herd size about -0.2655 (p<0.10) and -0.2180 (p<0.02) in lowland and highland respectively. Increasing the number of cattle in small holder farms was not efficiencs, due to the increasing in a number of forages and consentrat for the cattle.

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