Computed tomography measurements of intraocular structures of the feline eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (21) ◽  
pp. 651-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Sreenivasan Chandrakumar ◽  
Alex zur Linden ◽  
Mark Owen ◽  
Sarah Pemberton ◽  
Chantale L Pinard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Weak Correlation ◽  
Short Hair ◽  
Male Patients

Diagnostic imaging of the eye can be performed using ultrasonography, MRI or CT. This study describes the CT dimensions, volumes and radiodensities of presumed normal feline intraocular structures. Nineteen adult patients were included in this retrospective study. Fourteen males and five females were included, with domestic short hair (DSH) being the predominant breed. Length, volume and radiodensity values for the lens, anterior chamber, vitreous chamber and optic nerve were calculated as well as measurements of the optic nerve width. There was no significant correlation found on linear regression analysis comparing patient’s body weight with the various ocular measurements. Measurements of the lens, globe and optic nerve had significant differences (P<0.05) noted between the sexes, with males having increased values. These results may be skewed due to the large majority of male patients in the study. There was a weak correlation found between age and right eye (OD) optic nerve width, with an increase in the optic nerve width noted with increasing age. The findings of this study are a first step in establishing CT reference values for feline intraocular structure measurements.

Effect of Patient Characteristics on Vessel Enhancement in Pediatric Chest Computed Tomography Angiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Takanori Masuda ◽  
Takeshi Nakaura ◽  
Yoshinori Funama ◽  
Tomoyasu Sato ◽  
Tetsuya Nitta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Pediatric Chest ◽  
Vessel Enhancement

Introduction To evaluate the effect of sex, age, height, cardiac output (CO), total body weight (TBW), body surface area (BSA), and lean body weight (LBW) on vessel enhancement of the ascending aorta in pediatric chest computed tomography angiography (c-CTA). Materials and Methods This retrospective study received institutional review board approval; parental prior informed consent for inclusion was obtained for all patients. All 50 patients were examined using our routine protocol; iodine (600 mg/kg) was the contrast medium (CM). Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans were obtained. We calculated the CM volume per vessel enhancement and performed univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis of the relationship between CM volume per vessel enhancement and each of the body parameters. Results All patient characteristics were significantly related to CM volume per vessel enhancement ( P < .05). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between CM volume per vessel enhancement and TBW, BSA, and LBW, but not the patient sex, age, CO, and height. The LBW model for CM volume per vessel enhancement yielded the highest determination coefficient (R2 = .913) and the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (400.324). Conclusions Our findings support the delivery of an iodine dose adjusted to the LBW at c-CTA.

scholarly journals Relations of Morphological Characteristics and Aerobic Durability of Fudbalers of Different Age Categories // Relacije morfoloških karakteristika i aerobne izdržljivosti fudbalera različitih uzrasnih kategorija

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladan Pelemiš ◽  
Darijan Ujsasi ◽  
Danica Džinović ◽  
Dušan Josić
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Median Volume ◽  
Run Test ◽  
Shuttle Run

The aim of the study was to analyze if there is a connection between some anthropometric measrements and a test for assessing aerobic ability in footballers of different age categories. 65 players were subjected to these measurements, of which 25 players aged 13-14 years (pioneers); 20 players aged 15-16 years (cadets) and 20 players aged 17-18 years (juniors). By using standard anthropometric instruments, body height, body weight, median volume of the chest and aerobic endurance were measured using a 20m “shuttle run” test. Using linear regression analysis, it was found that there is no statistically significant effect of anthropometric variables on a variable (20m “shuttle run”) of all three age players. In these ages, obviously some other characteristics have more influence on the manifestation of aerobic ability. The results of the research can be used by experts in the field of sports in further planning and organizing training contents

Coccidiosis in wild rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.), at four sites in different climatic regions in eastern Australia I. Relationship with the age of the rabbit

1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Stodart
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
New South ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Breeding Seasons

A total of 2881 rabbits were shot during 1962-64 in regular samples from four sites representing different climatic regions in eastern Australia. Samples of the faeces were examined for coccidial oocysts. Seven species of Eimeria (E. stiedae, E. media, E. perforans, E. irresidua, E. magna, E. piriformis, and E. exigua) were recorded. Dried lens weight and paunched (eviscerated) body weight of the rabbits were used as estimates of age. A decrease in oocyst output with increasing age of the rabbit was apparent when progeny of particular breeding seasons were followed and when all data were grouped together at the subalpine site. Linear regression analysis showed that the decrease was greatest at the subalpine site, where the young had high oocyst counts, less in the subtropical and Mediterranean climates, and virtually absent at the arid site. The rate of the decrease varied between species; it was greatest for E. magna and was slight and variable in occurrence for E. piriformis. Adult rabbits transported from the arid site to infected pasture in Canberra were found from 1 to 10 weeks after release to have an oocyst count comparable to that of young rabbits at the subalpine site. Cage-reared progeny of the rabbits from the arid site were more susceptible to accidental infection than cage-reared progeny of rabbits from the temperate southern tablelands of New South Wales.

scholarly journals Morbidade e óbitos por leucemia em menores de 14 anos

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Francine Lima Gonçalves Ferreira ◽  
Sílvia Letícia Fróes Pereira ◽  
Maycon Crispim De Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
Renê Ferreira Silva Junior ◽  
Fernanda Cardoso Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Oscillatory Pattern ◽  
Hospital Morbidity ◽  
Leukemia In Children

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a tendência temporal e comportamental da morbidade hospitalar e óbitos por leucemia, em menores de 14 anos de idade. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, retrospectivo, com dados disponibilizados pelo Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), de 2008 a 2016 e coletados por meio de formulário. Calcularam-se as taxas percentuais que, em seguida, foram conduzidas com o apoio de uma planilha eletrônica (Excel) para a análise por regressão linear. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas. Resultados: apresentaram-se, pela análise da tendência para a morbidade hospitalar e óbitos, perfis distintos, com um padrão oscilatório nos valores para ambos e baixos índices de mortalidade. Conclusão: definiu-se, pela agilidade no acesso ao serviço de saúde especializado, a melhora do prognóstico e aumentaram-se as chances de sobrevivência dos pacientes portadores de leucemia menores de 14 anos de idade, viabilizando baixas taxas de mortalidade por leucemia no município. Descritores: Leucemia; Morbidade; Câncer; Infância; Hospitalização; Neoplasia.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the temporal and behavioral trend of hospital morbidity and deaths due to leukemia in children under 14 years of age. Method: this is a quantitative, retrospective study with data provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), from 2008 to 2016. Data was collected through a form. The percentage rates were then calculated and then supported with a spreadsheet (Excel) for linear regression analysis. Results were presented in the form of tables. Results: the analysis of trends in hospital morbidity and deaths showed different profiles, with an oscillatory pattern in both values and low mortality rates. Conclusion: due to the agility in the access to the specialized health service, it was defined the improvement of the prognosis and increased the chances of survival of patients with leukemia under 14 years of age, making possible low leukemia mortality rates in the municipality. Descriptors: Leukemia; Morbidity; Cancer; Childhood; Hospitalization; Neoplasia.RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal y conductual de la morbilidad hospitalaria y las muertes por leucemia en menores de 14 años de edad. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, retrospectivo, con datos proporcionados por el Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud (DATASUS), en el período de 2008 a 2016. Se realizó la recolección de datos por medio de formulario. Se calcularon las tasas porcentuales que luego se realizaron con el apoyo de una hoja de cálculo (Excel) para el análisis por regresión lineal. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas. Resultados: se presentaron, por el análisis de la tendencia a la morbilidad hospitalaria y muertes, perfiles distintos, con un patrón oscilatorio en los valores para ambos y bajos índices de mortalidad. Conclusión: se definió, por la agilidad en el acceso al servicio de salud especializado, la mejora del pronóstico y se aumentaron las posibilidades de supervivencia de los pacientes portadores de leucemia menores de 14 años de edad, viabilizando bajas tasas de mortalidad por leucemia en el municipio. Descritores: Leucemia; Morbilidad; Cáncer; Infancia; Hospitalización; Neoplasias.

Bayesian hierarchical approach to estimate insulin sensitivity by minimal model

2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olorunsola F. AGBAJE ◽  
Stephen D. LUZIO ◽  
Ahmed I. S. ALBARRAK ◽  
David J. LUNN ◽  
David R. OWENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Non Linear

We adopted Bayesian analysis in combination with hierarchical (population) modelling to estimate simultaneously population and individual insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with the minimal model of glucose kinetics using data collected during insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and made comparison with the standard non-linear regression analysis. After fasting overnight, subjects with newly presenting Type II diabetes according to World Health Organization criteria (n=65; 53 males, 12 females; age, 54±9 years; body mass index, 30.4±5.2 kg/m2; means±S.D.) underwent IVGTT consisting of a 0.3 g of glucose bolus/kg of body weight given at time zero for 2 min, followed by 0.05 unit of insulin/kg of body weight at 20 min. Bayesian inference was carried out using vague prior distributions and log-normal distributions to guarantee non-negativity and, thus, physiological plausibility of model parameters and associated credible intervals. Bayesian analysis gave estimates of SI in all subjects. Non-linear regression analysis failed in four cases, where Bayesian analysis-derived SI was located in the lower quartile and was estimated with lower precision. The population means of SI and SG provided by Bayesian analysis and non-linear regression were identical, but the interquartile range given by Bayesian analysis was tighter by approx. 20% for SI and by approx. 15% for SG. Individual insulin sensitivities estimated by the two methods were highly correlated (rS=0.98; P<0.001). However, the correlation in the lower 20% centile of the insulin-sensitivity range was significantly lower than the correlation in the upper 80% centile (rS=0.71 compared with rS=0.99; P<0.001). We conclude that the Bayesian hierarchical analysis is an appealing method to estimate SI and SG, as it avoids parameter estimation failures, and should be considered when investigating insulin-resistant subjects.

scholarly journals Fluoride intake from regular and low fluoride dentifrices by 2-3-year-old children: influence of the dentifrice flavor

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanta Mascarenhas Moraes ◽  
Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽  
Irene Ramires ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Fluoride Intake

This study evaluated the fluoride intake from dentifrices with different fluoride concentrations ([F]) by children aged 24-36 months, as well as the influence of the dentifrice flavor in the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. Thirty-three children were randomly divided into 3 groups, according to the [F] in the dentifrices: G-A (523 µgF/g), G-B (1,062 µgF/g) and G-C (1,373 µgF/g). Dentifrices A and B are marketed for children, while dentifrice C is a regular product. The amount of F ingested was indirectly obtained, subtracting the amount expelled and the amount left on the toothbrush from the amount initially loaded onto the brush. The results were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey's test and linear regression analysis (p < 0.05). Children ingested around 60% of the dentifrice loaded onto the brush, but no significant differences were seen among the groups (p > 0.05). Mean daily fluoride intake from dentifrice for G-A, G-B and G-C was 0.022ª, 0.032ª and 0.061b mg F/kg body weight, respectively (p < 0.01). There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.86, p < 0.0001) between the amount of dentifrice used and the amount of fluoride ingested during toothbrushing. The results indicate the need for instructing children's parents and care givers to use a small amount of dentifrice (< 0.3 g) to avoid excessive ingestion of fluoride. The use of low-[F] dentifrices by children younger than 6 years also seems to be a good alternative to minimize fluoride intake. Dentifrice flavor did not influence the percentage of fluoride intake.

scholarly journals P1421SERUM OSTEOPROTEGERIN LEVEL IS NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wen Lu ◽  
Jia-Sian Hou ◽  
Bang-Gee Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Study Results

Abstract Background and Aims Osteoprotegerin, a potent osteoclast activation inhibitor, decreases bone resorption and positively affects bone mineral density (BMD). Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between BMD and fasting serum osteoprotegerin concentration in hemodialysis patients. Method Fasting blood samples were obtained from 75 chronic hemodialysis patients. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4). Serum osteoprotegerin levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 7 patients (9.3%) had osteoporosis and 20 patients (26.7%) had osteopenia in hemodialysis patients. Older age (p = 0.023), increased serum osteoprotegerin (p &lt; 0.001), urea reduction rate (URR, p = 0.021), Kt/V (p = 0.027), while decreased height (p &lt; 0.001), body weight (p &lt; 0.001), body mass index (BMI; p &lt; 0.001), and logarithmically transformed triglyceride (log-triglyceride, p = 0.020) was significantly correlated with low lumbar T-score cut-off points between groups (normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis) in hemodialysis patients. Female patients had lower lumbar BMD than male hemodialysis patients (p = 0.002). Univariate linear regression analysis indicated lumbar BMD were positively correlated with height (p &lt; 0.001), body weight (p &lt; 0.001), BMI (p &lt; 0.001), log-triglyceride (p = 0.004), creatinine (p = 0.016), while negatively correlated with age (p = 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.016), URR (p = 0.012), Kt/V (p = 0.013), and osteoprotegerin (p &lt; 0.001) among the hemodialysis patients. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables revealed that female hemodialysis patient (adjusted R2 change = 0.040; p = 0.003), body weight (adjusted R2 change = 0.126; p = 0.001), kt/V (adjusted R2 change = 0.024; p = 0.034) and osteoprotegerin (adjusted R2 change = 0.332; p &lt; 0.001) were the independent predictors of lumbar BMD values in the hemodialysis patients. Conclusion Our study results revealed that increased serum osteoprotegerin levels were independently associated with decreased BMD in the lumbar spine, and with increased risk of osteoporosis in hemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Is cranial multi-detector computed tomography imaging valuable for stature estimation in Egyptian population?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana Adel ◽  
Hala Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Osama A. Hassan ◽  
Ehab A. Abdelgawad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Stature Estimation ◽  
Egyptian Population ◽  
Orbital Height ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Abstract Background and objectives Stature estimation is an initial and essential component of any medico-legal investigations. However, it becomes more challenging when only skull remains are available. So, the goal of this study is to assess stature estimation using cranial multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) images in a sample of the Egyptian population. Methods This clinical study was conducted on 150 Egyptian subjects underwent cranium MDCT with age ranged from 21 to 60 years. The measurements used were maximum cranial breadth, minimum frontal breadth, upper facial breadth, bizygomatic breadth, orbital height, orbital breadth, parietal chord, bimastoidale, maximum cranial length, basion-bregma height, cranial base length, and basion-prosthion length. Results The results revealed that stature and craniofacial measurements of males were significantly higher than those of females, all measurements were significantly positively correlated with stature in pooled cases, but the correlation coefficient differs in separate sex. Simple linear regression for stature estimation showed that the least standard error of estimate (SEE) values for the regression equations obtained when using bizygomatic breadth in pooled cases (7.9 cm) and in males only (5.7 cm), while in females using parietal chord had the least SEE (6.8 cm). Using multiple and stepwise regression analysis reported lower SEE values than simple linear regression analysis. Conclusion On the basis of this study, it is concluded that the cranial measurements obtained from MDCT images have limited utility in stature estimation among Egyptians, but could be used as an alternative method in cases where the best predictors, such as long bones, are not available.

scholarly journals Effect of Patient Height and Sex on the Patellar Tendon and Anterior Cruciate Ligament

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 232596712110032
Author(s):  
Abigail L. Campbell ◽  
Jon-Michael E. Caldwell ◽  
Dheeraj Yalamanchili ◽  
Lia Sepanek ◽  
Keon Youssefzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background: Graft-tunnel mismatch is an avoidable complication in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Patient height and sex may be predictors of patellar tendon length (PTL) and intra-articular ACL length (IAL). Understanding these relationships may assist in reducing graft-tunnel mismatch during ACL reconstruction with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) autograft. Purpose: To determine the association of patient height and sex with PTL and IAL. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were obtained on the healthy knees of 100 male and 100 female patients. Patients with prior surgery, open physes, significant degenerative changes, ACL rupture, or extensor mechanism injury were excluded. Three independent readers measured PTL, IAL, and Caton-Deschamps Index (CDI) on MRI. Bivariate and linear regression analysis was performed to detect the association of anthropometric data with anatomic parameters measured on MRI studies. Results: The mean age and body mass index were not significantly different between the male and female patients; however, male patients were significantly taller than female patients (1.75 vs 1.72 m, respectively; P < .001). There was a substantial agreement between the 3 readers for all parameters (κ > 0.75). Overall, female patients had significantly longer PTL (47.38 vs 43.92 mm), higher CDI (1.146 vs 1.071), and shorter IAL (33.05 vs 34.39 mm) ( P < .001 for all). Results of the linear regression analysis demonstrated that both height and female sex were predictive of longer PTL. Further, height was independently predictive of IAL but sex was not. Conclusion: PTL was correlated more with patient sex than height. IAL was also correlated with patient sex. Longer BTB grafts are expected to be harvested in female patients compared with male patients of the same height despite shorter IAL. These associations should be considered during BTB ACL reconstruction to minimize graft-tunnel mismatch.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document