Survival and fertility of bitches undergoing caesarean section

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 (13) ◽  
pp. 416-416
Author(s):  
Theresa Conze ◽  
Andrzej Jurczak ◽  
Vanessa Fux ◽  
Piotr Socha ◽  
Axel Wehrend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Indication ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Overall Mortality

BackgroundWith the increasing popularity of planned caesarean section, the need for knowledge regarding this surgery has become increasingly important. The reported death and survival rates for caesarean sections vary widely. Another important aspect is the fertility rate in subsequent oestrous after caesarean section. The aim of this study was to investigate the mortality and survival rate of bitches during caesarean section. Additionally, the fertility of bitches after caesarean sections was determined.MethodsCaesarean sections which were performed in the years 1997–2009 at two university clinics were evaluated retrospectively. A distinction was made between bitches in which a conservative caesarean section was performed and bitches with a caesarean section followed by an ovariohysterectomy.ResultsA total of 482 caesarean sections were included in the study. The overall mortality rate was 3.11 per cent, with 2.59 per cent during or after a conservative caesarean section and 4.19 per cent during or after caesarean section with ovariohysterectomy. The reason for ovariohysterectomy was the owner’s preference in 63 bitches (47.01 per cent); in 71 (52.98 per cent) bitches, ovariohysterectomy was performed due to a medical indication. The fertility rate after caesarean section was 100 per cent.ConclusionThe results show a high mortality rate during and after caesarean section. On the other hand, caesarean section does not seem to have a big impact on further fertility. Further studies are needed to investigate possible reduction of litter sizes and the suitability of caesarean section in subsequent pregnancies.

scholarly journals Lepistes ve Japon Balığı Larvalarının Beslenmesinde Artemia sp.’ye Alternatif Olarak Mikrokapsül Yemin Kullanılması

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 1575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut Yanar ◽  
Çiğdem Çalım Akray ◽  
Ece Evliyaoğlu ◽  
Zeynep Erçen
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Hand Length

In this study, the effects of Artemia sp. nauplii and micro capsulated feed on growth performance and survival rate of guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and goldfish (Carassius auratus) larvae were compared at the end of three weeks of rearing period. Length of goldfish larvae (4.82 mm) fed Artemia sp. (from 4 to 12/mL/day) were between 7.97 and 9.76 mm at the end of the trial while these values were between 6.80 and 7.21 mm for those fed microencapsulated feed (from 10 to 30 mg/L/day). On the other hand length of guppy larvae fed Artemia sp. (from 5 to 25/mL/day) were between 13.02 and 17.00 mm, whereas these values were remained between 11.98 and 12.38 mm for those fed microencapsulated feed (from 10 to 40 mg/L/day). A similar result was also observed in survival rates. Survival rate of goldfish larvae fed Artemia sp. were 88.91-97.61% in while those fed microencapsulated feed were 6.19-87.14%. On the other hand survival rate of guppy larvae fed Artemia sp. were 99.17-100.00% whereas those fed microencapsulated feed were 57.50-87.50%. Eventually, microencapsulated feed was not as successful as Artemia sp. on the growth and survival rate of larvae of both species.

scholarly journals Comparison of prognosis between emergency and scheduled hemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1221-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Bian ◽  
Huiyi Gu ◽  
Peihua Chen ◽  
Shijian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Overall Survival Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapies

Background The survival rate of patients undergoing hemodialysis and other renal replacement therapies has been extensively studied, but comparative studies of emergency and scheduled hemodialysis are limited. Methods This study included 312 patients who underwent emergency hemodialysis and 274 who received scheduled hemodialysis. We investigated the prognostic differences between these two groups of patients, including the short-term and long-term survival rates. Results The overall survival rate was significantly better among the patients in the scheduled hemodialysis group than emergency hemodialysis group. The mortality rate within 3 months of emergency hemodialysis was 4.8%, while that within 3 months of scheduled hemodialysis was 1.1%. Conclusions Significant differences were present between emergency and scheduled hemodialysis, especially the levels of serum creatinine and hemoglobin.

scholarly journals Prediction of Foetal Well-being with Non-stress Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Jahanara Rahman ◽  
Hosne Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Value ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Non-stress test (NST) is the most common antenatal test performed to assess the foetus at risk of intrauterine hypoxia. On the other hand non-reactivity detected by NST increases the interferences of pregnancy by Caesarean section.Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Dhaka National Medical College between July2007 and June 2008.Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) To observe the mode of delivery in cases of non-reactive non stress test (NST) and (2) To evaluate perinatal outcome of non-reactive NST.Results: A total 137 high risk pregnant women were included in the study. Age of the women ranges from 16 to 32 years. The mean age of the women was 23.74 ± 3.71 year. Among them 44.53% were primaegravida and 55.47% were multigravida. Gestational age was between 35 and 42 weeks and mean gestational age was 38.34±1.42 weeks. Regarding foetal reactivity 61.3% (n=84) were reactive and 38.7 % (n=53) were non-reactive. Among the babies of non reactive NST 98.11% and 1.89% were delivered by caesarean section and vaginal delivery respectively. Whereas, 48.81% and 51.19% babies of reactive NST were delivered by caesarean section and vaginal delivery respectively. The percentage of caesarean section was much higher in non-reactive NST cases in comparison to that of reactive NST which was statistically highly significant (p value 0.0000). One minute after birth APGAR scoring revealed that 56.6% and 43.4% newborn of non-reactive NST had no depression( APGAR score 7-10) and mild depression ( APGAR score 4-6) respectively. On the other hand 65.47% and 34.5% newborn of reactive NST had no depression and mild depression respectively at one minute after birth. Therefore, small difference was noticed in the neonatal status between the reactive and non-reactive NST which had no statistical significance (p value 0.507). Evaluation of the neonates with APGAR scoring done 5 minutes after birth revealed mild depression (APGAR score 4-6) in 24.53% and 20.24% of non-reactive and reactive NST cases respectively and no depression (APGAR score 7- 10) was found in 75.47% and 70.76% in reactive and nonreactive NST respectively. So, 5 minutes after birth the neonatal status among reactive and non-reactive NST made no significant difference (p value 0.9266).Conclusion: Neonatal evaluation revealed that all foetuses were not compromised as detected by NST. Relying on NST the rate of Caesarean section has been increased. Reassessment of the foetal conditions was needed with the help of other techniques. Therefore NST alone is insufficiently predictive of neonatal outcome.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 65-69

scholarly journals Survival Rate and Growth of Fighting Fish Larvae (Betta splendens Regan) Fed on Various Live Foods

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Budiardi ◽  
T. Nursyams ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Food ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Other Hand

<p>Larval of fighting fish (<em>Betta splendens</em> Regan) requires precise live foods for its growth and survival. In this experiment, fish larvae were fed on either <em>Paramecium + Artemia, Paramecium + Artemia + Tubifex, Paramecium + Moina, or Paramecium + Moina + Tubifex</em>. The fish were fed <em>Paramecium</em> from day-2 till day-7 after hatching. There after, the live food was changed according to the treatments till day-28.  Results showed that fish fed on Paramecium + Artemia significantly had the highest total length (12.63 mm) than other treatments (11.86 mm). On the other hand, survival rate of fish had no significant affected by the treatments.</p> <p>Keywords: fighting fish, <em>Betta splendens</em>, <em>Paramecium</em>, <em>Moina</em>, <em>Artemia</em>, <em>Tubifex</em>, larvae</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Larva ikan betta (<em>Betta splendens</em> Regan) membutuhkan jenis pakan alami yang tepat bagi kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhannya. Pada penelitian ini, larva ikan diberi pakan berupa <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia</em>, <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia </em>+ <em>Tubifex</em>, <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Moina</em>, atau <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Moina </em>+ <em>Tubifex.</em>  Ikan diberi pakan pakan berupa <em>Paramecium</em> dari hari ke-2 hingga hari ke-7. Setelah itu, pemberian pakan alami diubah berdasarkan masing-masing perlakuan hingga hari ke-28.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi pakan <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia</em> memiliki tubuh secara signifikan lebih panjang (12,63 mm) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (11,86 mm).  Sementara itu, kelangsungan hidup tidak dipengatuhi oleh perlakuan.</p> <p>Kata kunci: ikan betta, <em>Betta splendens</em>, <em>Paramecium, Moina, Artemia, Tubifex</em>, larva</p>

scholarly journals Short Term Outcomes of Gastric Cancer at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK), Rwanda.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irénée Niyongombwa ◽  
Irénée David Karenzi ◽  
Isaie Sibomana ◽  
Vital Muvunyi ◽  
Jean Marie Vianney Kagimbangabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Gastric cancer is the 4th most common cause of cancer death worldwide with an annual global incidence of 985,600; two thirds of them being in the developing countries. Gastric cancer is endemic in the so called stomach cancer region comprising Rwanda, Burundi, South Western Uganda and eastern Kivu province of Democratic Republic of Congo and its incidence in Rwanda is estimated around 13 to 15 per 100,000 population. To date, the outcomes of gastric cancer in the East African region are under investigated, and the survival rate in Rwanda is not known. The aim of this study was to describe the short term outcomes (in-hospital mortality rate, length of hospital stay, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months survival rates) in patients treated for gastric cancer at CHUK.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data collected from records of patients who consulted CHUK over a period of 10 years from September 2007 to August 2016. Patients were followed in hospital and after discharge for survival length. Descriptive statistics were used for baseline demographic data, Kaplan-Meier model and univariate cox regression were used for survival analysis.Results: Of the 199 patients enrolled in the study, 92 (46%) were males and 107 (54%) females. The mean age was 55.4 ranging between 24 and 93. The mean symptoms duration was 15 months. Most patients consulted with advanced disease, 62.3% with distant metastases. Treatment with curative intent was offered for only 19.9% of patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 13.3%. The 3, 6, 12 and 24 months survival rate was 52%, 40.5%, 28% and 23.4% respectively. The Overall survival rate was 7 months.Conclusion: Patients with gastric cancer have delayed consultations and advanced disease at the time of presentation. This cancer is associated with poor outcomes in terms of hospital mortality and post discharge survival rates.

scholarly journals Tatalaksana demam berdarah dengue dalam kehamilan: A case series

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cut Meurah Yeni ◽  
Dara Meutia Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstrack. Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) adalah infeksi virus ditemukan pada negara-negara tropistermasuk Indonesia. Indonesia termasuk dalam katagori A dalam perkembangan penyakit virus tersebut yang mengindikasikan tingginya angka kematian. Angka insiden terus meningkat pada anak maupun dewasa dengan tingginya angka mortalitas. Tidak ada pencatatan lengkap untuk angka insidensi pada kehamilan, meskipun mortalitas cukup tinggi. Kami melaporkan empat kasus kehamilan dengan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh vektor Aedes aegypti. Pada keempat kasus tersebut kami telah diagnosis berdasarkan kriteria demam yang khas, trombositopenia, hemokonsentrasi dan pemeriksaan serologi. Terdapat penatalaksanaan yang berbeda dari berbagai kasus tersebut termasuk indikasi terminasi. Satu pasien kami rawat konservatif dan tiga pasien dilakukan terminasi berdasarkan indikasi obstetri. Pertimbangan cara terminasi sangat bergantung pula dengan indikasi obstetri. Seksio sesarea tidak secara mutlak dilakukan pada kehamilan dengan demam berdarah dengue. Kata kunci: Demam berdarah dengue, kehamilan, penatalaksanaan Abstract. Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a viral infection found in tropical countries including Indonesia. Indonesia is included in category A in the development of viral diseases that's the high mortality rate. The numbers keep increasing on both adult children with high mortality rates. No complete logging for the incidence rate in pregnancy, although mortality is quite high. We reported four cases pregnancy with diseases caused by the Aedes aegypti vector. In four cases We had diagnosed based on criteria that met the specific criteria, thrombocytopenia, hemoconcentration and serology. There are different treatments for these cases includes the term indication. One patient was treated conservatively and three patients were admitted termination based on obstetric indications. The consideration on how to terminate is also very dependent with obstetric indications. Caesarean section is not absolutely necessary in pregnancy with dengue hemorrhagic fever. Keywords: Dengue hemorrhagic fever, pregnancy, management

scholarly journals An age-period-cohort analysis of mortality rates for stomach, colorectal, liver, and lung cancer among prefectures in Japan, 1999–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasuku Okui
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Cancer Types

Abstract Background Although change in the birth cohort effect on cancer mortality rates is known to be highly associated with the decreasing rates of age-standardized cancer mortality rates in Japan, the differences in the trends of cohort effect for representative cancer types among the prefectures remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the decreasing rate of cohort effects among the prefectures for representative cancer types using age-period-cohort (APC) analysis. Methods Data on stomach, colorectal, liver, and lung cancer mortality for each prefecture and the population data from 1999 to 2018 were obtained from the Vital Statistics in Japan. Mortality data for individuals aged 50 to 79 years grouped in 5-year increments were used, and corresponding birth cohorts born 1920–1924 through 1964–1978 were used for analysis. We estimated the effects of age, period, and cohort on each type of mortality rate for each prefecture by sex. Then, we calculated the decreasing rates of cohort effects for each prefecture. We also calculated the mortality rate ratio of each prefecture compared with all of Japan for cohorts using the estimates. Results As a result of APC analysis, we found that the decreasing rates of period effects were small and that there was a little difference in the decreasing rates among prefectures for all types of cancer among both sexes. On the other hand, there was a large difference in the decreasing rates of cohort effects for stomach and liver cancer mortality rates among prefectures, particularly for men. For men, the decreasing rates of cohort effects in cohorts born between 1920–1924 and 1964–1978 varied among prefectures, ranging from 4.1 to 84.0% for stomach cancer and from 20.2 to 92.4% for liver cancers, respectively. On the other hand, the differences in the decreasing rates of cohort effects among prefectures for colorectal and lung cancer were relatively smaller. Conclusions The decreasing rates of cohort effects for stomach and liver cancer varied widely among prefectures. It is possible that this will influence cancer mortality rates in each prefecture in the future.

79RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SURVIVAL RATE AND BIRTH WEIGHT IN CLONED KOREAN NATIVE CALVES

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
B.C. Yang ◽  
G.S. Im ◽  
D.H. Kim ◽  
S.K. Lee ◽  
H.S. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Bovine

Cloning of somatic cells has been investigated actively in cattle, but the cloned calves have been characterized by high birth weight and low survival rate. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationships between survival rate and birth weight in cloned and AI calves. The ear skin fibroblasts were obtained from 2- to 3-year-old Korean native cows (Hanwoo) and the cells were cultured in Dulbeccos Modified Eagles medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 in air. Bovine oocytes collected from ovaries obtained from a nearby slaughterhouse were cultured in vitro and then enucleated, injected with donor cells and fused, and cultured to produce cloned embryos at the blastocyst stage. Somatic cell cloning and in vitro culture of embryos were performed by the procedures described previously (Im et al., 2001 AJAS 14, 759–764, and Im et al., 2001 AJAS 14, 1260–1266). A total of 580 cloned embryos at blastocyst stage were transferred to 293 recipient cows; 32 female calves (5.5%) were born (2 of them were born dead). Thirty-four (15 female and 19 male ) calves (57.6%) were born from 59 artificially inseminated Korean native cows as control. Fifteen of the 32 cloned calves were delivered by caesarean section. However, all the artificially inseminated cows delivered naturally. Birth weights of 30 live cloned calves averaged 31.08kg (&gt;15kg:3, 20kg:2, 25kg:2, 30kg:5, 35kg:9, 40kg:6, &lt;45kg:3), while those of female AI calves averaged 23.67kg (&gt;15kg:0, 20kg:3, 25kg:6, 30kg:6, 35kg:0, 40kg:0, &lt;45kg:0). After calving, 11 of 30 cloned calves survived for more than 365 days (birth weight of these calves averaged 28.25kg), but 19 of 30 calves died within 175 days and their average birth weight was 32.80kg (650kg). Gestation length of cows that received cloned embryos was 287 (279–295) days on average (excluding the data of calves delivered by caesarean section) and that of cows artificially inseminated was 287 (255–293) days. In conclusion, the birth weight was significantly correlated (P&lt;0.05) with survival rate of cloned calves, and survival rates of calves with extremely high or low birth weights were significantly low. However, there was no relationship between gestation length and survival rate.

On the study of the experience of the adult Tatar population

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
F. G. Mukhamedyarov
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Population Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Probability Of Survival ◽  
Force Of Mortality ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Complex Methods ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Sanitary State

Determining the survival rate of the population and the order of its extinction is one of the main tasks of social and hygienic examination, the sanitary characteristics of a particular region of a particular population group. Without these data, it is difficult to get a correct idea of ​​the sanitary state of the study area. On the other hand, the study of the problem of experiencing is a rather difficult task and requires the use of complex methods. The essence of the method is to compare the numbers of the distribution by age of the deceased with the numbers of the distribution by age of the living and to obtain the probability of survival to the next age period. The probability of survival obtained in this way makes it possible to calculate the order of extinction of a non-existent (hypothetical) generation with age-related mortality equal to the force of mortality for the period of time for which the census took place.

scholarly journals How prolonged mechanical ventilation is a neglected disease in chest medicine: a study of prolonged mechanical ventilation based on 6 years of experience in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175346661987855
Author(s):  
Chienhsiu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

Background: An increasing number of patients require prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) to survive recovery from critical care. It should be emphasized that PMV is a neglected disease in chest medicine. We investigated 6 years of clinical outcomes and long-term survival rates of patients who required PMV. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively data from patients in respiratory care center (RCC) to investigate the main causes of respiratory failure leading patients to require PMV. We also studied the factors that influence the ventilator weaned rate, factors that influence the long-term ventilator dependence of patients who require PMV, as well as patients’ hospital mortality and long-term survival rates. Results: A total of 574 patients were admitted to RCC during the 6 years. Of these, 428 patients (74.6%) were older than 65 years. A total of 391 patients (68.1%) were successfully weaned from the ventilator while 83 patients (14.4%) were unsuccessfully weaned. A total of 95 patients (16.6%) died during RCC hospitalization. The most common cause of acute respiratory failure leading to patients requiring PMV was pneumonia. The factor that affected whether patients were successfully weaned from the ventilator was the cause of the respiratory failure that lead patients to require PMV. Our hospital mortality rate was 32.4%; the 1-year survival rate was 24.3%. There was a strong correlation between higher patient age and higher hospital mortality rate and poor 1-year survival rate. Patients with no comorbidity demonstrated good 1-year survival rates. Patients with four comorbidities and patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis comorbidity showed poor 1-year survival rates. Conclusions: The factor that affected whether patients were successfully weaned from the ventilator was the cause of the respiratory failure that lead patients to require PMV. Older patients, patients with renal failure requiring hemodialysis, and those with numerous comorbidities demonstrated poor long-term survival. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

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