Effect of on-farm interventions in the aftermath of an outbreak of hypervirulent verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 (18) ◽  
pp. 516-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena-Mari Tamminen ◽  
Helena Fransson ◽  
Madeleine Tråvén ◽  
Anna Aspán ◽  
Stefan Alenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
On Farm

In 2007, human infections with a hypervirulent strain of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 increased in Sweden and especially in the Halland County. A connection between the cases and a local beef cattle farm with an on-farm abattoir and meat processing plant was established. In this observational study the control measures implemented on the infected farm and the dynamics of infection in the herd are described. In May 2008, when measures were initiated and animals put to pasture, the prevalence of positive individuals was 40 per cent and 18 carcasses out of 24 slaughtered animals were contaminated. During summer the monthly prevalence of positive carcasses varied between 8 and 41 per cent and at turning-in 22 out of 258 individually sampled animals were shedding the pathogen. After January 2009 no positive carcasses were found at slaughter and follow-up samplings of environment and individuals remained negative until the study period ended in May 2010. The results indicate that on-farm measures have potential to reduce the prevalence of the pathogen in a long-term perspective. However, as self-clearance cannot be excluded the effectiveness of the suggested measures needs to be confirmed.

Behavior of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Leafy Vegetables

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1966-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
PASCAL DELAQUIS ◽  
SUSAN BACH ◽  
LAURA-DORINA DINU
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Chronic Sequelae

Leafy vegetables, including lettuce and spinach, have been implicated in several outbreaks of foodborne disease caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7, a pathogen of increasing public health significance because of the severity of the gastrointestinal illness and long-term, chronic sequelae that can result from infection. A definitive association between the consumption of leafy vegetables and human disease provides implicit evidence of transfer from animal sources to field crops and retail commodities, including minimally processed or fresh-cut products. Understanding the behavior of E. coli O157:H7 in leafy vegetables during production, after harvest, in storage, during processing, and in packaged fresh-cut products is essential for the development of effective control measures. To this end, previous research on the fate of the species at each step in the production of market-ready leafy vegetables is reviewed in this study. Several critical gaps in knowledge are identified, notably uncertainty about the location of contaminating cells on or in plant tissues, behavior in packaged products stored at low temperatures, and the influence of environmental stresses on growth and infectivity.

Validation of Time and Temperature Values as Critical Limits for the Control of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during the Production of Fresh Ground Beef

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1978-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. MANN ◽  
M. M. BRASHEARS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
Critical Limits

In order to provide beef processors with valuable data to validate critical limits set for temperature during grinding, a study was conducted to determine Escherichia coli O157:H7 growth at various temperatures in raw ground beef. Fresh ground beef samples were inoculated with a cocktail mixture of streptomycin-resistant E. coli O157:H7 to facilitate recovery in the presence of background flora. Samples were held at 4.4, 7.2, and 10°C, and at room temperature (22.2 to 23.3°C) to mimic typical processing and holding temperatures observed in meat processing environments. E. coli O157:H7 counts were determined by direct plating onto tryptic soy agar with streptomycin (1,000 μg/ml), at 2-h intervals over 12 h for samples held at room temperature. Samples held under refrigeration temperatures were sampled at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Less than one log of E. coli O157:H7 growth was observed at 48 h for samples held at 10°C. Samples held at 4.4 and 7.2°C showed less than one log of E. coli O157:H7 growth at 72 h. Samples held at room temperature showed no significant increase in E. coli O157:H7 counts for the first 6 h, but increased significantly afterwards. These results illustrate that meat processors can utilize a variety of time and temperature combinations as critical limits in their hazard analysis critical control point plans to minimize E. coli O157:H7 growth during the production and storage of ground beef.

Monitoring Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Inoculated and Naturally Colonized Feedlot Cattle and Their Environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. STANFORD ◽  
S. J. BACH ◽  
T. H. MARX ◽  
S. JONES ◽  
J. R. HANSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Challenge Study ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Feed Samples

On-farm methods of monitoring Escherichia coli O157:H7 were assessed in 30 experimentally inoculated steers housed in four pens over a 12-week period and in 202,878 naturally colonized feedlot cattle housed in 1,160 pens on four commercial Alberta feedlots over a 1-year period. In the challenge study, yearling steers were experimentally inoculated with 1010 CFU of a four-strain mixture of nalidixic acid–resistant E. coli O157:H7. After inoculation, shedding of E. coli O157:H7 was monitored weekly by collecting rectal fecal samples (FEC), oral swabs (ORL), pooled fecal pats (PAT), manila ropes (ROP) orally accessed for 4 h, feed samples, water, and water bowl interface. Collection of FEC from all animals per pen provided superior isolation (P < 0.01) of E. coli O157:H7 compared with other methods, although labor and animal restraint requirements for fecal sample collection were high. When one sample was collected per pen of animals, E. coli O157:H7 was more likely to be detected from the ROP than from the FEC, PAT, or ORL (P < 0.001). In the commercial feedlot study, samples were limited to ROP and PAT, and E. coli O157:H7 was isolated in 18.8% of PAT and 6.8% of ROP samples. However, for animals that had been resident in the feedlot pen for at least 1 month, isolation of E. coli O157:H7 from ROP was not different from that from PAT (P = 0.35). Pens of animals on feed for <30 days were six times more likely to shed E. coli O157:H7 than were animals on feed for >30 days. However, change in diet did not affect shedding of the organism (P > 0.23) provided that animals had acclimated to the feedlot for 1 month or longer. Findings from this study indicate the importance of introduction of mitigation strategies early in the feeding period to reduce transference and the degree to which E. coli O157:H7 is shed into the environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Cattle Diet on Escherichia coli O157:H7 Acid Resistance

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 3233-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Hovde ◽  
Paula R. Austin ◽  
Karen A. Cloud ◽  
Christopher J. Williams ◽  
Carl W. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT The duration of shedding of Escherichia coli O157 isolates by hay-fed and grain-fed steers experimentally inoculated withE. coli O157:H7 was compared, as well as the acid resistance of the bacteria. The hay-fed animals shed E. coli O157 longer than the grain-fed animals, and irrespective of diet, these bacteria were equally acid resistant. Feeding cattle hay may increase human infections with E. coli O157:H7.

Escherichia coli O157 in Cull Dairy Cows on Farm and at Slaughter

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL H. RICE ◽  
ERIC D. EBEL ◽  
DALE D. HANCOCK ◽  
THOMAS E. BESSER ◽  
DONALD E. HERRIOTT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cull Cows ◽  
On Farm

Cull dairy cattle both on the farm and at slaughter from herds in the states of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington were surveyed for Escherichia coli O157 by culturing fecal swab samples. A total of 205 cull cows from 19 dairy herds were sampled on the farm of origin; 7 (3.4%) tested positive for E. coli O157. A total of 103 cull cows from 15 dairy herds were sampled at slaughter; 4 (3.9%) were positive for E. coli O157. Eighty-nine cull cows were sampled both at the farm and at slaughter; 2 (2.2%) were positive in both locations, 3 (3.3%) only on the farm, and 2 (2.2%) only at the slaughter plant. Seven (7.9%) of the 89 cull cows tracked from farm to slaughter were positive in at least one location. This suggests a higher prevalence of E. coli O157 in cull dairy cattle than previously has been reported to occur in other ages and classes of cattle.

scholarly journals Fecal Metagenome Sequences from Lactating Dairy Cows Shedding Escherichia coli O157:H7

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serajus Salaheen ◽  
Seon Woo Kim ◽  
Jeffrey S. Karns ◽  
Bradd J. Haley ◽  
Jo Ann S. Van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Human Infections

Cattle are primary reservoirs of Escherichia coli O157:H7, a causative agent of severe human infections. To facilitate analyses of the communities in which this pathogen is found, we sequenced the fecal metagenomes of 10 dairy cows shedding E. coli O157:H7 and added them to the public domain.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing Applied to the Molecular Epidemiology of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Argentina: TABLE 1 

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Carolina Carbonari ◽  
Nahuel Fittipaldi ◽  
Sarah Teatero ◽  
Taryn B. T. Athey ◽  
Luis Pianciola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Human Infections

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains are worldwide associated with sporadic human infections and outbreaks. In this work, we report the availability of high-quality draft whole-genome sequences for 19 O157:H7 strains isolated in Argentina.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Environments of Culture-Positive Cattle

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 6816-6822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
Karen A. Cloud-Hansen ◽  
John Carpenter ◽  
Carolyn J. Hovde
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Farm Structures ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Culture Negative ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 disease associated with animal exhibits have been reported with increasing frequency. Transmission can occur through contact with contaminated haircoats, bedding, farm structures, or water. We investigated the distribution and survival of E. coli O157:H7 in the immediate environments of individually housed, experimentally inoculated cattle by systematically culturing feed, bedding, water, haircoat, and feed bunk walls for E. coli O157:H7 for 3 months. Cedar chip bedding was the most frequently culture-positive environmental sample tested (27/96 or 28.15%). Among these, 12 (44.0%) of positive bedding samples were collected when the penned animal was fecal culture negative. Survival of E. coli O157:H7 in experimentally inoculated cedar chip bedding and in grass hay feed was determined at different temperatures. Survival was longest in feed at room temperature (60 days), but bacterial counts decreased over time. The possibility that urine plays a role in the environmental survival of E. coli O157:H7 was investigated. Cedar chip bedding moistened with sterile water or bovine urine was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7. Bedding moistened with urine supported growth of E. coli O157:H7, whereas inoculated bedding moistened with only water yielded decreasing numbers of bacteria over time. The findings that environmental samples were frequently positive for E. coli O157:H7 at times when animals were culture negative and that urine provided a substrate for E. coli O157:H7 growth have implications for understanding the on-farm ecology of this pathogen and for the safety of ruminant animal exhibits, particularly petting zoos and farms where children may enter animal pens.

Effectiveness and Functional Mechanism of a Multicomponent Sanitizer against Biofilms Formed by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Five Salmonella Serotypes Prevalent in the Meat Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-575
Author(s):  
RONG WANG ◽  
YOU ZHOU ◽  
NORASAK KALCHAYANAND ◽  
DAYNA M. HARHAY ◽  
TOMMY L. WHEELER
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Meat Processing ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
Biofilm Structure

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica at meat processing plants poses a potential risk of meat product contamination. Many common sanitizers are unable to completely eradicate biofilms formed by these foodborne pathogens because of the three-dimensional biofilm structure and the presence of bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). A novel multifaceted approach combining multiple chemical reagents with various functional mechanisms was used to enhance the effectiveness of biofilm control. We tested a multicomponent sanitizer consisting of a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), hydrogen peroxide, and the accelerator diacetin for its effectiveness in inactivating and removing Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica biofilms under meat processing conditions. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella biofilms on common contact surfaces were treated with 10, 20, or 100% concentrations of the multicomponent sanitizer solution for 10 min, 1 h, or 6 h, and log reductions in biofilm mass were measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to directly observe the effect of sanitizer treatment on biofilm removal and bacterial morphology. After treatment with the multicomponent sanitizer, viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella biofilm cells were below the limit of detection, and the prevalence of both pathogens was low. After treatment with a QAC-based control sanitizer, surviving bacterial cells were countable, and pathogen prevalence was higher. SEM analysis of water-treated control samples revealed the three-dimensional biofilm structure with a strong EPS matrix connecting bacteria and the contact surface. Treatment with 20% multicomponent sanitizer for 10 min significantly reduced biofilm mass and weakened the EPS connection. The majority of the bacterial cells had altered morphology and compromised membrane integrity. Treatment with 100% multicomponent sanitizer for 10 min dissolved the EPS matrix, and no intact biofilm structure was observed; instead, scattered clusters of bacterial aggregates were detected, indicating the loss of cell viability and biofilm removal. These results indicate that the multicomponent sanitizer is effective, even after short exposure with dilute concentrations, against E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica biofilms. HIGHLIGHTS

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document