Alternative methods to compare safety of live-attenuated respiratory Newcastle disease vaccines in young chicks

2017 ◽  
Vol 181 (9) ◽  
pp. 236-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aris Malo ◽  
Sjaak de Wit ◽  
Wim A J M Swart ◽  
Jane K A Cook
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Organ Cultures ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Ethical Concerns

The work reported here is an initial attempt to find an alternative method by which the safety of live-attenuated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccines for the respiratory tract of young chickens can be assessed. The current recommended methods involve either the subjective assessment of respiratory signs, or raise ethical concerns, as in the case of the intracerebral pathogenicity index. The two methods considered here were the use of tracheal organ cultures to assess the level of ciliostasis which the vaccines caused to the ciliated epithelium of the trachea and the incorporation of a pathogenic strain ofEscherichia coliin the inoculum in order to induce colibacillosis. Both methods were successful in confirming the safety of the two vaccines. However, these results are only preliminary and more studies need to be performed to determine whether one or both methods have potential, either to replace the existing statutory tests, or provide a test which might be useful during the development stages of a new live-attenuated NDV vaccine.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin and anti-Escherichia coli antibody in lower respiratory tract secretions from infants weighing less than 1500 g at birth.

1990 ◽  
Vol 65 (1 Spec No) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F H Sennhauser ◽  
A Balloch ◽  
M J Shelton ◽  
L W Doyle ◽  
V Y Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Coli Antibody

Kallikrein blood system in acute respiratory diseases with bronchial obstruction syndrome in children

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
V. A. Anokhin
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Negative Answer ◽  
Blood System ◽  
Pulmonary Mechanics ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Kinin System ◽  
Acute Respiratory Diseases

The activation of the kinin system of the blood in diseases of the respiratory system leads to an increase in the inflammatory response in the respiratory tract, causes bronchospasm to a large extent, and has an inhibitory effect on the function of the ciliated epithelium. There are no unequivocal judgments about the therapeutic effect of prednisolone in obstructive bronchitis and bronchiolitis in the literature. There is a negative answer to this question. At the same time, the beneficial effect of corticosteroids on pulmonary mechanics in bronchiolitis was noted.

scholarly journals Treatment of respiratory diseases with inhalation patches

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-94
Author(s):  
L S. Starostina
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Constant Attention ◽  
High Incidence

The high incidence of respiratory infections at an early age requires constant attention of doctors of various specialties. It should be born in mind that the development of the respiratory tract in young children has unique features, and that different drugs can have different effects on the mucous membrane and ciliated epithelium. Also take into account the possibility of using different ways drugs can be administered to prevent and treat respiratory infections with due account for the age of the child, the effectiveness of action and adverse events risk reduction.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of enterocin obtained from Enterococcus durans on Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natara Favaro Tosoni ◽  
Hugo Felix Perini ◽  
Márcia Regina Terra ◽  
Marly Sayuri Katsuda ◽  
Márcia Cristina Furlaneto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Enterococcus Durans ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Food Processes ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACT: Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important source of food contamination that presents risks to human health. Several industrial food processes eliminate this microorganism; however, these processes can alter the characteristics of the product. Alternative methods of preservation have been identified as an option to control these foodborne pathogens. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the action of bacteriocins produced by Enterococcus durans MF5 in STEC cells. Cell-free supernatant (CFS) containing enterocins from the MF5 isolate was tested over different time points (6, 18, and 24 h). Enterocins present in the crude CFS showed inhibition against STEC at all time points. In the investigation of cell integrity, using propidium iodide and fluorescence microscopy, considerable cell death was observed within 6 h of the cells being in contact with the enterocins, which was also observed at the 18 and 24 h time points. These results showed that the enterocins produced by the MF5 isolate have potential use in the control of STEC.

scholarly journals EU Drinking Water Directive reference methods for enumeration of total coliforms and Escherichia coli compared with alternative methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. Schets ◽  
P.J. Nobel ◽  
S. Strating ◽  
K.A. Mooijman ◽  
G.B. Engels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
Reference Methods
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