Prevalence of supporting limb laminitis in a UK equine practice and referral hospital setting between 2005 and 2013: implications for future epidemiological studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Wylie ◽  
J. R. Newton ◽  
A. P. Bathe ◽  
R. J. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Referral Hospital

Improved Outcome of Surgical Pulmonary Embolectomy in a Referral Hospital Setting

CHEST Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 63A ◽  
Author(s):  
David No ◽  
Christine No ◽  
Kevin Casey ◽  
Gerald Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Pulmonary Embolectomy ◽  
Improved Outcome

scholarly journals Acute kidney Injury in Children: Impacts and its Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
ASM Ruhul Quddus ◽  
Mahmud Javed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Conservative Care ◽  
Medical Health ◽  
Definition Of

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children is increasing globally and is associated with increased mortality and long-term renal consequence.The definition of pediatric AKI was standardized for a more accurate assessment of the epidemiology of pediatric AKI. The definition of AKI is based on elevation in serum creatinine levels or decrease inurine output; accordingly, epidemiological studies have ensued. Recent advances in leveraging electronic medical health record systems and newbiomarkers appear to detect AKI earlier and predict prognosis more accurately than traditional markers have allowed for real-time risk stratification and prevention of pediatric AKI in the hospital setting. For high risk or early stage AKI patients, avoidance of nephrotoxins, optimization of blood pressure and volume status, sufficient nutritional support are necessary and have been demonstrated tobe effective in preventing the occurrence of AKI and improving prognosis. Lastly, renal replacement therapy is needed when conservative care fails. Further therapeutic innovation willdepend on improving the understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying AKI in children. CBMJ 2018 January: Vol. 07 No. 01 P: 48-53

scholarly journals Occurrence of Acquired 16S rRNA Methyltransferase-Mediated Aminoglycoside Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae within a Tertiary Referral Hospital of Northeast India

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum ◽  
Deepjyoti Paul ◽  
Debadatta Dhar ◽  
Rajlakshmi Nepram ◽  
Shiela Chetri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Determinants

ABSTRACT The methylation of a ribosomal target leads to a high level of resistance to all clinically relevant aminoglycoside antibiotics, so early detection of these resistance determinants will help to reduce the incidence of treatment failures as well as lessen the dissemination rate. Here, we characterized different 16S rRNA methyltransferases responsible for aminoglycoside resistance and their epidemiological background in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary referral hospital in India. All aminoglycoside-resistant isolates were screened for different 16S rRNA methyltransferases by PCR assay, and incompatibility typing of the conjugable plasmid harboring resistance genes was performed by PCR-based replicon typing. An assay for the stability and elimination of these resistance plasmids was performed. The coexistence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases and metallo-β-lactamases was also detected, and the heterogeneity of these isolates was determined by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR. The PCR assay revealed the presence of armA, rmtA, rmtB, rmtC, and rmtD in single and multiple combinations, and these were carried by a diverse group of Inc plasmids. Plasmids harboring these resistance determinants were highly stable and maintained until the 55th serial passage, but SDS treatment could easily eliminate the plasmids harboring the resistance determinants. The coexistence of bla TEM, bla PER, bla GES, and bla SHV, as well as bla VIM and bla NDM, within these isolates was also detected. Strains with different clonal patterns of aminoglycoside resistance were found to spread in this hospital setting. We observed that the 16S rRNA methyltransferase genes were encoded within different Inc plasmid types, suggesting diverse origins and sources of acquisition. Therefore, the present study is of epidemiological importance and can have a role in infection control policy in hospital settings.

scholarly journals CRISPR 2 PCR and high resolution melting profiling for identification and characterization of clinically-relevant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuttachat Wisittipanit ◽  
Chaiwat Pulsrikarn ◽  
Sudarat Srisong ◽  
Rungthiwa Srimora ◽  
Nattinee Kittiwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Signature Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories

Background Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp. constitute a major bacterial cause of food poisoning. Each Salmonella serotype causes distinct virulence to humans. Method A small cohort study was conducted to characterize several aspects of Salmonella isolates obtained from stool of diarrheal patients (n = 26) admitted to Phayao Ram Hospital, Phayao province, Thailand. A simple CRISPR 2 molecular analysis was developed to rapidly type Salmonella isolates employing both uniplex and high resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis. Results CRISPR 2 monoplex PCR generated a single Salmonella serotype-specific amplicon, showing S. 4,[5],12:i:- with highest frequency (42%), S. Enteritidis (15%) and S. Stanley (11%); S. Typhimurium was not detected. CRISPR 2 HRM-PCR allowed further classification of S. 4,[5],12:i:- isolates based on their specific CRISPR 2 signature sequences. The highest prevalence of Salmonella infection was during the summer season (April to August). Additional studies were conducted using standard multiplex HRM-PCR typing, which confirmed CRISPR 2 PCR results and, using a machine-learning algorithm, clustered the majority of Salmonella serotypes into six clades; repetitive element-based (ERIC) PCR, which clustered the serotypes into three clades only; antibiogram profiling, which revealed the majority resistant to ampicillin (69%); and test for extended spectrum β-lactamase production (two isolates) and PCR-based detection of bla alleles. Conclusion CRISPR 2 PCR provided a simple assay for detection and identification of clinically-relevant Salmonella serotypes. In conjunction with antibiogram profiling and rapid assay for β-lactamase producers, this approach should facilitate detection and appropriate treatment of Salmonellosis in a local hospital setting. In addition, CRISPR 2 HRM-PCR profiling enabled clustering of S. 4,[5],12:i:-isolates according to CRISPR 2 locus signature sequences, indicative of their different evolutionary trajectories, thereby providing a powerful tool for future epidemiological studies of virulent Salmonella serotypes.

scholarly journals Nutritional Composition Assessment of 3000 Individualized Parenteral Nutrition Bags in a Tertiary Referral Hospital: Current Prescribing Patterns

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Beatriz Pelegrina-Cortés ◽  
Laura Bermejo ◽  
Bricia López-Plaza ◽  
Samara Palma-Milla ◽  
Natalia García-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Carbohydrate To Lipid Ratio

Individualized parenteral nutrition is the most specialized type of nutritional support in the hospital setting. The composition and prescribing patterns for parenteral nutrition have evolved due to new emerging scientific evidence. In the last few years, there has been a tendency to increase the nitrogen and lipid content and decrease the carbohydrate content. To assess the prescribing pattern in a tertiary referral hospital in Spain, the nutritional composition of individualized parenteral nutrition was evaluated retrospectively from January to December of 2016. A total of 3029 parenteral nutrition units were analysed, corresponding to 257 hospitalized adult patients. Medical specialists in General Surgery and Haematology were the most common petitioners. The three most frequently prescribed parenteral nutrition formulae contained 13.4 (28.8%), 15.7 (19.54%) and 17.9 (17.79%) g of nitrogen. The quantity of carbohydrates and lipids showed a mean non-protein calories-to-nitrogen ratio of approximately 78:1 and a carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio that was near 50:50 in most cases. These results suggest a trend towards the administration of parenteral nutrition with a high content of nitrogen and smaller proportion of the non-protein components.

Dystocia in a referral hospital setting: approach and results

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. BYRON ◽  
R. M. EMBERTSON ◽  
W. V. BERNARD ◽  
S. R. HANCE ◽  
L. R. BRAMLAGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Setting Approach

The development and use of a standardized assessment of abnormal personality

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Mann ◽  
R. Jenkins ◽  
J. C. Cutting ◽  
P. J. Cowen
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
The Self ◽  
Standardized Assessment ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Section 301

SynopsisA standardized assessment of personality (SAP) based on interview with an informant has been developed to classify a patient's premorbid personality in clinical terms for use for research purposes in or out of a hospital setting. Three preliminary investigations of its use are reported. These indicate that an informant's account of personality can be rated reliably by psychiatrists and is consistent over time. The addition of two extra descriptive types to the schema of ICD Section 301, the anxious and the self-conscious personalities, is found to contribute usefully to a taxonomy of personality in two series of patients investigated with the SAP. Further investigations are indicated to determine the accuracy of an informant's account before epidemiological studies with this instrument can be considered.

Exploring the Validity and Operational Impact of Using Allied Health Assistants to Conduct Dysphagia Screening for Low-Risk Patients Within the Acute Hospital Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1944-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Schwarz ◽  
Elizabeth C. Ward ◽  
Petrea Cornwell ◽  
Anne Coccetti ◽  
Pamela D'Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Exact Agreement ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Impact Phase ◽  
Operational Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the agreement between allied health assistants (AHAs) and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) when completing dysphagia screening for low-risk referrals and at-risk patients under a delegation model and (b) the operational impact of this delegation model. Method All AHAs worked in the adult acute inpatient settings across three hospitals and completed training and competency evaluation prior to conducting independent screening. Screening (pass/fail) was based on results from pre-screening exclusionary questions in combination with a water swallow test and the Eating Assessment Tool. To examine the agreement of AHAs' decision making with SLPs, AHAs ( n = 7) and SLPs ( n = 8) conducted an independent, simultaneous dysphagia screening on 51 adult inpatients classified as low-risk/at-risk referrals. To examine operational impact, AHAs independently completed screening on 48 low-risk/at-risk patients, with subsequent clinical swallow evaluation conducted by an SLP with patients who failed screening. Results Exact agreement between AHAs and SLPs on overall pass/fail screening criteria for the first 51 patients was 100%. Exact agreement for the two tools was 100% for the Eating Assessment Tool and 96% for the water swallow test. In the operational impact phase ( n = 48), 58% of patients failed AHA screening, with only 10% false positives on subjective SLP assessment and nil identified false negatives. Conclusion AHAs demonstrated the ability to reliably conduct dysphagia screening on a cohort of low-risk patients, with a low rate of false negatives. Data support high level of agreement and positive operational impact of using trained AHAs to perform dysphagia screening in low-risk patients.

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