Xanthosis, an abnormal pigmentation of cattle

1978 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 96-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Abnormal Pigmentation

scholarly journals The underestimated role of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF) in normal and pathological haematopoiesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Oppezzo ◽  
Filippo Rosselli
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Bone Marrow Failure ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Specific Setting ◽  
Haematopoietic System ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation ◽  
In Cells

AbstractHaematopoiesis, the process by which a restrained population of stem cells terminally differentiates into specific types of blood cells, depends on the tightly regulated temporospatial activity of several transcription factors (TFs). The deregulation of their activity or expression is a main cause of pathological haematopoiesis, leading to bone marrow failure (BMF), anaemia and leukaemia. TFs can be induced and/or activated by different stimuli, to which they respond by regulating the expression of genes and gene networks. Most TFs are highly pleiotropic; i.e., they are capable of influencing two or more apparently unrelated phenotypic traits, and the action of a single TF in a specific setting often depends on its interaction with other TFs and signalling pathway components. The microphthalmia-associated TF (MiTF) is a prototype TF in multiple situations. MiTF has been described extensively as a key regulator of melanocyte and melanoma development because it acts mainly as an oncogene. Mitf-mutated mice show a plethora of pleiotropic phenotypes, such as microphthalmia, deafness, abnormal pigmentation, retinal degeneration, reduced mast cell numbers and osteopetrosis, revealing a greater requirement for MiTF activity in cells and tissue. A growing amount of evidence has led to the delineation of key roles for MiTF in haematopoiesis and/or in cells of haematopoietic origin, including haematopoietic stem cells, mast cells, NK cells, basophiles, B cells and osteoclasts. This review summarizes several roles of MiTF in cells of the haematopoietic system and how MiTFs can impact BM development.

Emergence of serranid pigment abnormality syndrome (SPAS) in wire netting cod (Epinephelus quoyanus) from Heron Island on the southern Great Barrier Reef

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
B. K. Diggles ◽  
I. Ernst ◽  
S. Wesche
Keyword(s):  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Coral Trout ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation

Coral reefs worldwide are under increasing stress from anthropogenic impacts, but there are relatively few reports of increased rates of disease in coral reef fish. Herein we report the emergence of abnormal skin lesions in wild-caught wire netting cod (Epinephelus quoyanus) near Heron Island in the southern Great Barrier Reef. The lesion involves conspicuous darkening and disorganisation of the brown ‘wire netting’ colouration pattern typical of this species, most commonly on the lower jaw, premaxilla and head, with occasional involvement of the flanks and dorsal fin in some fish. The lesion was not present during research conducted in the mid-1990s; however, since it was first recorded in 2012, the prevalence of grossly visible lesions has increased to 16.9% in 2017, with fish >340mm long most affected (prevalence 64.7%). These data suggest emergence of the lesion is a recent phenomenon and that causative factors may be age related. Abnormal pigmentation lesions have only been observed to affect E. quoyanus and coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus; since 2010). Given the species affected and the currently unknown aetiology of these lesions, we name the condition serranid pigment abnormality syndrome (SPAS). Further research is required to determine its geographic distribution, establish causation and describe the course of disease in E. quoyanus.

scholarly journals Note on Abnormal Pigmentation of a Whiting infected by Trematode larvæ

1911 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Gamble ◽  
G. H. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Black Point ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation

In one of the tanks at the Plymouth Laboratory containing pipe-fish and sticklebacks, a whiting was found recently which exhibited black specks scattered over its pigmented areas and on the conjunctiva. The spots were fairly evenly distributed and averaged .5 to .1 mm. in diameter. Around each black point there was a clear unpigmented area.

HEREDITARY ADRENOCORTICAL UNRESPONSIVENESS TO ACTH

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Robert C. Franks ◽  
Walter E. Nance
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Zona Fasciculata ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Normal Response ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The syndrome of hereditary congenital adrenal unresponsiveness to ACTH is described in an additional consanguineous kindred. Abnormal pigmentation from birth was noted in affected male and female offspring. Investigations between 3 and 4 years of age in the female proband revealed that plasma ACTH values determined by both radioimmunoassay and bioassay were greatly elevated. However, subnormal levels of plasma and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and impaired responses to exogenous ACTH were associated with a normal response to sodium deprivation. These findings are interpreted as representing normal development of the adrenocortical zona glomerulosa but in utero failure of the zona fasciculata and reticularis to differentiate in response to normal ACTH. Analysis of an autosomal recessive hypothesis as the mode of inheritance reveals an excess of males and a deficiency of consanguineous matings among reported cases. Although data are limited, they suggest the occurrence of both autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive forms of the disorder.

A RECESSIVE DISORDER WITH GROWTH AND MENTAL RETARDATION, PECULIAR FACIES, ABNORMAL PIGMENTATION, HEPATIC CIRRHOSIS AND AMINOACIDURIA

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. TAY ◽  
K. RAJAGOPALAN ◽  
E. McEVOY-EfOWE ◽  
E. P. C. TOCK. ◽  
J. L. Da COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation

Minocycline-Associated Tooth Staining

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 887-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A Dodd ◽  
Ernest J Dole ◽  
William G Troutman ◽  
David A Bennahum
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
White Woman ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Minocycline Treatment ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Synthetic Derivative ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation ◽  
Minocycline Therapy

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of tooth discoloration in an adult after minocycline treatment for arthritis. CASE SUMMARY: A 68-year-old white woman presented with blue–black staining of her lower anterior teeth after 4 months of minocycline therapy for arthritis. Her other medications are not known to cause discoloration of teeth. While the patient continued taking minocycline, her dentist was not able to remove the discoloration. Within 1 month after discontinuation of the minocycline, the dentist was able to remove the discoloration entirely. DISCUSSION: Minocycline, a synthetic derivative of tetracycline, has been shown to cause abnormal pigmentation of the skin, thyroid gland, nails, bone, sclera, and conjunctiva in adults. It also has been shown to cause tooth discoloration in a few patients. This case is unusual in that the tooth discoloration disappeared after discontinuing minocycline therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This complication of minocycline is more commonly thought of in the pediatric population. However, clinicians need to be aware of this adverse drug reaction, as this agent may be used increasingly in the treatment of adults with arthritis.

Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Temporal Bone with Associated Lymphadenopathy

1994 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Donnelly ◽  
Donald P. McShane ◽  
Hugh Burns
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia Of Bone ◽  
Abnormal Pigmentation

Fibrous dysplasia of bone is a benign idiopathic disorder where abnormal fibro-osseous tissue replaces normal bone. The bony abnormalities may be associated with endocrine disorders and abnormal pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes. Involvement of the temporal bone is a very rare occurrence. We report a case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone with associated lymphadenopathy. To our knowledge this association has not been previously described in the literature. We also emphasise the need for long term follow up of patients with this condition as cholesteatoma may develop insidiously.

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