scholarly journals Effects of state helmet laws on bicycle helmet use by children and adolescents

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Helmet Laws

scholarly journals Bicycle helmet laws and educational campaigns: an evaluation of strategies to increase children's helmet use.

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Dannenberg ◽  
A C Gielen ◽  
P L Beilenson ◽  
M H Wilson ◽  
A Joffe
Keyword(s):  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Educational Campaigns ◽  
Helmet Laws

scholarly journals The impact of bicycle helmet legislation on cycling fatalities in Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1197-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Olivier ◽  
Sofiane Boufous ◽  
Raphael Grzebieta
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Bicycle Helmets ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
Helmet Laws ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Robust Evidence

Abstract Background Australian bicycle helmet laws were first introduced in Victoria in July 1990 and the remaining Australian states, Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory by July 1992. Previous research on helmet legislation has focused on changes in helmet wearing and bicycle-related head injury. Although it is generally accepted that bicycle helmets can reduce the risk of fatality due to head injury, there has been little research assessing the impact of helmet legislation on cycling fatalities. Methods An interrupted time series approach was used to assess the impact of bicycle helmet legislation on yearly-aggregated rates of bicycle-related fatalities per population from 1971 to 2016. Results Immediately following bicycle helmet legislation, the rate of bicycle fatalities per 1 000 000 population reduced by 46% relative to the pre-legislation trend [95% confidence interval (CI): 31, 58]. For the period 1990–2016, we estimate 1332 fewer cycling fatalities (95% CI: 1201, 1463) or an average of 49.4 per year (95% CI: 44.5, 54.2). Reductions were also observed for pedestrian fatalities; however, bicycle fatalities declined by 36% relative to pedestrian fatalities (95% CI: 12, 54). Conclusions In the absence of robust evidence showing a decline in cycling exposure following helmet legislation or other confounding factors, the reduction in Australian bicycle-related fatality appears to be primarily due to increased helmet use and not other factors.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BICYCLE HELMET LAWS ON CHILDREN'S INJURIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Markowitz ◽  
Pinka Chatterji
Keyword(s):  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Helmet Laws

285 Social, Familial, and Personal Determinants of Bicycle Helmet Use in an Urban Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. S273
Author(s):  
C.B. Donnelly ◽  
E.C. Kurian ◽  
N. Kondamudi ◽  
T. Murano ◽  
S. Compton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Helmet Use

Personal goals as motivators: Predicting bicycle helmet use in university students

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Everett ◽  
James H. Price ◽  
David A. Bergin ◽  
Bruce W. Groves
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personal Goals ◽  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Helmet Use

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Bicycle Helmet Subsidies in a Defined Population

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-907
Author(s):  
Robert S. Thompson ◽  
Diane C. Thompson ◽  
Frederick P. Rivara ◽  
Angela A. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Cost Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Bicycle Helmet ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Bicycle Safety ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis

Objective. To examine the potential effects of bicycle safety helmet cost subsidy on bicycle head injury rates and costs. Design. Using empiric data on the incidence and costs of bicycle injuries to children, we examined the hypothetical effects of various bicycle helmet subsidies in a cost-effectiveness analysis. A hypothetical cohort of 100 000 5- through 9-year-olds was followed for 5 years after helmet cost subsidization. Sensitivity analyses were done of three different levels of safety helmet subsidy ($5, $10, $15), three discount rates (2%, 4%, 6%), 10 levels of safety helmet use ranging from 10% to 100%, and the occurrence or nonoccurrence of catastrophic head injuries. Patients. Forty-three children 5 through 9 years of age and 27 children 10 through 14 years of age with head injuries due to bicycling were identified through emergency department surveillance of a population of 29 533. Setting. Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, a large health maintenance organization. Outcome measures. Bicycle head injuries prevented and the savings or costs associated with various subsidy, safety helmet use, and discount rates. Results. Hypothetically, an increase in bicycle helmet use rates to 40% to 50% due to subsidies of $5 or $10 prevents 564 to 840 head injuries in a cohort of 100 000 5- through 9-year-olds over 5 years. Under these conditions and a 2% discount rate, cost savings ranging from $189 207 to $427 808 will result when catastrophic head injuries are included in the analysis. Conclusion. Subsidization of bicycle safety helmets to achieve a cost of $14 to $20 per helmet and use rates of 40% to 50% will likely prove cost-effective. Empirical evidence from a Seattle campaign suggests that such helmet use rates are achievable.

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