Measuring the global burden of road traffic injury: implications for low-income and middle-income countries

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Traffic Injury

scholarly journals Global trends in adolescents’ road traffic injury mortality, 1990–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2020-319184
Author(s):  
Uzma Rahim Khan ◽  
Junaid A Razzak ◽  
Martin Gerdin Wärnberg
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Road Users

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the trends of road traffic injury (RTI) mortality among adolescents aged 10–14 years and 15–19 years across different country income levels with respect to the type of road users from 1990 to 2019.MethodsWe conducted an ecological study. Adolescents’ mortality rates from RTIs at the level of high-income countries (HICs), upper-income to middle-income countries (UMICs), lower-income to middle-income countries and low-income countries were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study. Time series were plotted to visualise the trends in mortality rates over the years. We also conducted Poisson regression using road traffic mortality rates as the dependent variable and year as the independent variable to model the trend of the change in the annual mean mortality rate, with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsThere were downward mortality trends in all types of road users and income levels among adolescents from 1990 to 2019. HICs had more pronounced reductions in mortality rates than countries of any other income level. For example, the reduction in pedestrians in HICs was IRR 0.94 (95% CI 0.90 to 0.98), while that in UMICs was IRR 0.97 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.99) in adolescents aged 10-14 years.ConclusionsThere are downward trends in RTI mortality in adolescents from 1990 to 2019 globally at all income levels for all types of road users. The decrease in mortality rates is small but a promising finding. However, prevention efforts should be continued as the burden is still high.

scholarly journals Correction: Road Traffic Injury Prevention Initiatives: A Systematic Review and Metasummary of Effectiveness in Low and Middle Income Countries

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0150150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Staton ◽  
Joao Vissoci ◽  
Enying Gong ◽  
Nicole Toomey ◽  
Rebeccah Wafula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Road Traffic Injury Prevention Initiatives: A Systematic Review and Metasummary of Effectiveness in Low and Middle Income Countries

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0144971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Staton ◽  
Joao Vissoci ◽  
Enying Gong ◽  
Nicole Toomey ◽  
Rebeccah Wafula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Traffic Injury ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Physical inactivity and non-communicable disease burden in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103640
Author(s):  
Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽  
Christine Friedenreich ◽  
Eric J Shiroma ◽  
I-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Income ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries

ObjectivesPhysical inactivity is a risk factor for premature mortality and several non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to estimate the global burden associated with physical inactivity, and to examine differences by country income and region.MethodsPopulation-level, prevalence-based population attributable risks (PAR) were calculated for 168 countries to estimate how much disease could be averted if physical inactivity were eliminated. We calculated PARs (percentage of cases attributable to inactivity) for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality and non-communicable diseases including coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dementia, depression and cancers of the bladder, breast, colon, endometrium, oesophagus, stomach and kidney.ResultsGlobally, 7.2% and 7.6% of all-cause and cardiovascular disease deaths, respectively, are attributable to physical inactivity. The proportions of non-communicable diseases attributable to physical inactivity range from 1.6% for hypertension to 8.1% for dementia. There was an increasing gradient across income groups; PARs were more than double in high-income compared with low-income countries. However, 69% of total deaths and 74% of cardiovascular disease deaths associated with physical inactivity are occurring in middle-income countries, given their population size. Regional differences were also observed, with the PARs occurring in Latin America/Caribbean and high-income Western and Asia-Pacific countries, and the lowest burden occurring in Oceania and East/Southeast Asia.ConclusionThe global burden associated with physical inactivity is substantial. The relative burden is greatest in high-income countries; however, the greatest number of people (absolute burden) affected by physical inactivity are living in middle-income countries given the size of their populations.

scholarly journals Household economic impact of road traffic injury versus routine emergencies in a low-income country

Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Mowafi ◽  
Brian Rice ◽  
Rashida Nambaziira ◽  
Gloria Nirere ◽  
Robert Wongoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Income Country ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
Traffic Injury
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