scholarly journals Relation between GB virus C/hepatitis G virus and fulminant hepatic failure may be secondary to treatment with contaminated blood and/or blood products

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Halasz ◽  
L Barkholt ◽  
C Lara ◽  
C Hultgren ◽  
Y Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fulminant Hepatic Failure ◽  
Hepatic Failure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C ◽  
Contaminated Blood

BackgroundThe role of the recently discovered GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus in fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) has been debated. Although GBV-C RNA has been detected in many cases of FHF, recent data suggest that the relation between GBV-C and FHF may be accidental.AimsTo retrospectively investigate the possible relation between the presence of GBV-C markers (RNA or antibodies to the GBV-C envelope 2 (E2) glycoprotein) and FHF.MethodsThe presence of GBV-C RNA was determined in serum samples from 58 patients diagnosed with FHF using a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Amplified genetic fragments were directly sequenced by the dideoxy chain termination method. Antibodies to GBV-C in serum samples were detected by enzyme immunoassay based on a recombinant GBV-C E2 protein.ResultsNine (16%) patients with FHF had GBV-C RNA and 14 (24%) had GBV-C E2 antibodies, which are higher frequencies than in healthy subjects (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). Seven of ten patients with GBV-C markers during FHF tested negative for these markers before therapy with blood and/or blood products. Sequence analysis of the GBV-C NS3 region fragments of six FHF patients showed no common sequence pattern or motif.ConclusionsThe frequencies of both GBV-C RNA and antibodies are higher in patients with FHF than in healthy subjects. However, these increased frequencies may in many cases be explained by the use of contaminated blood and/or blood products given as therapy.

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Isolates in Japanese Haemophiliacs and their Origins

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (08) ◽  
pp. 242-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihide Fukuda ◽  
Tetsuo Hayakawa ◽  
Junki Takamatsu ◽  
Hidehiko Saito ◽  
Hiroaki Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
West African ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C ◽  
Virus Isolates

SummaryJapanese haemophiliacs have been at high risk for infection with parenterally-transmissible viruses through the use of blood products, especially imported ones. Recently, novel transfusion-transmissible virus, GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) were isolated. We investigated the origin and route of transmission of GBV-C/HGV isolates in haemophiliacs in Japan. GBV-C/HGV RNA was measured by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 91 Japanese haemophiliacs. Phylogenetic analysis and genotypic grouping of GBV-C/HGV isolates in Japanese haemophiliacs were performed based on sequences in the 5’ untranslated region, and the characteristics were compared with those of reported isolates. GBV-C/HGV infection was present in 19 of 91 haemophiliacs (20.9%). Sequence analysis showed that 15 of the 19 isolates (78.9%) showed sequence similarity to a group in which mainly West African isolates have been reported. The other 4 isolates (21.1%) showed sequence similarity to Asian isolates. None of the GBV-C/HGV isolates showed sequences similar to those generally found in isolates from USA and Europe. The majority of GBV-C/HGV isolates found in Japanese haemophiliacs who are considered to have been infected by imported blood products were similar to those detected in West Africa.

scholarly journals Detection of Hepatitis G Virus RNA in Persons with and without Known Risk Factors for Blood-Borne Viral Infections in Sweden and Honduras

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Lara ◽  
Robert Halasz ◽  
Anders Sönnerborg ◽  
Matti Sällberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C

We analyzed 224 and 163 serum samples from individuals in Sweden and Honduras, respectively, for the presence of the hepatitis G virus (HGV or GB virus-C) RNA. HGV infection in both Sweden and Honduras was related to common risk factors for blood-borne infections, despite a surprisingly high frequency in groups without known risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of GB Virus C (Also Called Hepatitis G Virus) Markers in Norwegian Blood Donors

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 2584-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Arne Nordbø ◽  
Sidsel Krokstad ◽  
Per Winge ◽  
Finn Egil Skjeldestad ◽  
Are B. Dalen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C

GB virus C (GBV-C), also called hepatitis G virus (HGV), occurs worldwide, but the clinical significance of this virus is still unclear. Plasma samples from 1,001 blood donors were tested by reverse transcription PCR using primers from the NS5 region and by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies against the putative envelope of HGV (anti-HGV E2). GBV-C/HGV RNA was present in the plasma from 2.5% of the blood donors, and anti-HGV E2 antibodies could be detected in 10.5% of the samples. Only one of the blood donors with viremia had elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase. Among ELISA-positive donors, there was a significantly higher percentage (16.5%) of individuals who had been treated by acupuncture than individuals who had not been given this treatment (9.4%). No other variables showed significant differences. Screening of medical records from 401 recipients of blood from PCR-positive donors revealed no association with liver disease. Four of 12 partners (33%) were HGV RNA positive, and sequence analyses of the strains showed that four of the couples probably were infected with the same strains, while strains from different couples were not identical. Anti-HGV E2 antibodies were detected in serum samples from four other partners. The prevalence of GBV-C/HGV among blood donors in our region is dramatically higher than the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (0.03%).

scholarly journals The Incidence and Natural Course of Transfusion-Associated GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Infection in a Cohort of Thalassemic Patients

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Prati ◽  
Alberto Zanella ◽  
Patrizia Bosoni ◽  
Paolo Rebulla ◽  
Elena Farma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Course ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C ◽  
A Prospective Study

To evaluate the risk of transmitting blood-borne GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) and to define the natural course of infection, we performed a prospective study in a cohort of multitransfused β-thalassemics during a 6-year follow-up period. We analyzed serum samples of 150 patients collected at 3-year intervals from 1990 to 1996. GBV-C/HGV RNA was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and antibodies to E2-protein by an enzyme immunoassay. At baseline, 14.5% of patients had viremia and 18.5% anti-E2. None of the patients with anti-E2 in 1990 subsequently became viremic. Of the 100 GBV-C/HGV RNA−, anti-E2− patients, 10 acquired infection during follow-up, as indicated by positivity of GBV-C/HGV RNA (n = 2), anti-E2 (n = 7), or both markers (n = 1) in 1996. The incidence was 1.7 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3). Since approximately 19,000 blood units were transfused to these patients during follow-up, the risk of infection was 5.3 in 10,000 units (95% CI, 2 to 8.5). Six of 22 viremic patients cleared the virus during follow-up; 4 of them became anti-E2+. Twelve of 28 patients lost anti-E2 reactivity during follow-up. In conclusion, more than 25% of infections resolve within 6 years; the presence of anti-E2 seems to be protective against infection. Anti-E2 reactivity may decrease with time.

scholarly journals The Incidence and Natural Course of Transfusion-Associated GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus Infection in a Cohort of Thalassemic Patients

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Prati ◽  
Alberto Zanella ◽  
Patrizia Bosoni ◽  
Paolo Rebulla ◽  
Elena Farma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Course ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract To evaluate the risk of transmitting blood-borne GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) and to define the natural course of infection, we performed a prospective study in a cohort of multitransfused β-thalassemics during a 6-year follow-up period. We analyzed serum samples of 150 patients collected at 3-year intervals from 1990 to 1996. GBV-C/HGV RNA was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and antibodies to E2-protein by an enzyme immunoassay. At baseline, 14.5% of patients had viremia and 18.5% anti-E2. None of the patients with anti-E2 in 1990 subsequently became viremic. Of the 100 GBV-C/HGV RNA−, anti-E2− patients, 10 acquired infection during follow-up, as indicated by positivity of GBV-C/HGV RNA (n = 2), anti-E2 (n = 7), or both markers (n = 1) in 1996. The incidence was 1.7 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3). Since approximately 19,000 blood units were transfused to these patients during follow-up, the risk of infection was 5.3 in 10,000 units (95% CI, 2 to 8.5). Six of 22 viremic patients cleared the virus during follow-up; 4 of them became anti-E2+. Twelve of 28 patients lost anti-E2 reactivity during follow-up. In conclusion, more than 25% of infections resolve within 6 years; the presence of anti-E2 seems to be protective against infection. Anti-E2 reactivity may decrease with time.

GB Virus C/Hepatitis G Virus

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 572-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Halasz, Ola Weiland, Matti S
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C

Die Prävalenz des GB-Virus-C/Hepatitis-G-Virus in Blutspenden und seine Übertragung auf Empfänger

1998 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
E. Seifried ◽  
H. Bialleck ◽  
H. Weber ◽  
E. Waschk ◽  
S. Marx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C

Detection of active hepatitis C virus and hepatitis G virus/GB virus C replication in bone marrow in human subjects

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 3986-3989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Radkowski ◽  
Joanna Kubicka ◽  
Elzbieta Kisiel ◽  
Janusz Cianciara ◽  
Marek Nowicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hepatitis G ◽  
Virus C

Abstract We have analyzed the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis G virus (HGV) sequences in bone marrow and serum samples from 48 patients of a hematologic outpatient clinic. HCV RNA was detected in 18 (38%) and 15 (31%) and HGV RNA was detected in 6 (13%) and 9 (19%) of serum and bone marrow samples, respectively. In 3 patients, HGV RNA was detectable in bone marrow but not in the serum; 2 of these patients were negative for the presence of specific antibodies. Using a highly strand-specific Tth-based reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the presence of HCV RNA and HGV RNA negative strand was demonstrated in 4 and 5 bone marrow samples, respectively. Our study shows that HCV and HGV can replicate in bone marrow; in the case of HGV, analysis of serum may underestimate the true prevalence of infection.

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