scholarly journals Randomised controlled trial of postnatal sodium supplementation on oxygen dependency and body weight in 25-30 week gestational age infants

2000 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. F19-F23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hartnoll ◽  
P. Betremieux ◽  
N. Modi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Sodium Supplementation

scholarly journals Effect of dietary sources of calcium and protein on hip fractures and falls in older adults in residential care: cluster randomised controlled trial

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n2364
Author(s):  
S Iuliano ◽  
S Poon ◽  
J Robbins ◽  
M Bui ◽  
X Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Aged Care ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the antifracture efficacy and safety of a nutritional intervention in institutionalised older adults replete in vitamin D but with mean intakes of 600 mg/day calcium and <1 g/kg body weight protein/day.DesignTwo year cluster randomised controlled trial.Setting60 accredited residential aged care facilities in Australia housing predominantly ambulant residents.Participants7195 permanent residents (4920 (68%) female; mean age 86.0 (SD 8.2) years).InterventionFacilities were stratified by location and organisation, with 30 facilities randomised to provide residents with additional milk, yoghurt, and cheese that contained 562 (166) mg/day calcium and 12 (6) g/day protein achieving a total intake of 1142 (353) mg calcium/day and 69 (15) g/day protein (1.1 g/kg body weight). The 30 control facilities maintained their usual menus, with residents consuming 700 (247) mg/day calcium and 58 (14) g/day protein (0.9 g/kg body weight).Main outcome measuresGroup differences in incidence of fractures, falls, and all cause mortality.ResultsData from 27 intervention facilities and 29 control facilities were analysed. A total of 324 fractures (135 hip fractures), 4302 falls, and 1974 deaths were observed. The intervention was associated with risk reductions of 33% for all fractures (121 v 203; hazard ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.93; P=0.02), 46% for hip fractures (42 v 93; 0.54, 0.35 to 0.83; P=0.005), and 11% for falls (1879 v 2423; 0.89, 0.78 to 0.98; P=0.04). The risk reduction for hip fractures and falls achieved significance at five months (P=0.02) and three months (P=0.004), respectively. Mortality was unchanged (900 v 1074; hazard ratio 1.01, 0.43 to 3.08).ConclusionsImproving calcium and protein intakes by using dairy foods is a readily accessible intervention that reduces the risk of falls and fractures commonly occurring in aged care residents.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613000228785.

scholarly journals Post Laparoscopy Pain Reduction Project I (POLYPREP I): Intraperitoneal Normal Saline Instillation—A Randomised Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aizura Syafinaz Ahmad Adlan ◽  
Jerilee Mariam Khong Azhary ◽  
Hairel Zulhamdi Mohd Tarmidzi ◽  
Maherah Kamarudin ◽  
Raymond Chung Siang Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Saline Instillation

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal normal saline instillation (INSI) of 15 mL/kg body weight at the end of a gynaecological laparoscopic procedure on postoperative pain. Design: Randomised controlled trial. Setting: Teaching/University Hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Participants: Patients aged 18-55 years, with American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) classification I–II, scheduled for an elective gynaecological laparoscopic procedure for a benign cause.Intervention: The patients were randomly allocated to two groups. In the intervention group, 15 mL/kg body weight of normal saline was instilled intraperitoneally, while the control group received the conventional combination of open laparoscopic trocar valves with gentle abdominal pressure to remove the retained carbon dioxide. Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes were the mean pain score for the shoulder and upper abdominal pain at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively. Results: A total of 68 women completed the study, including 34 women in each group. There was no difference in the shoulder pain score at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively. However, a significant improvement in the upper abdominal pain score after 42 h (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-1.52, p=0.019) and 72 h (95% CI 0.19-0.26, p=0.007) postoperatively were observed. Conclusions: INSI of 15 mL/kg body weight does not lower postoperative shoulder pain compared to no fluid instillation. A modest pain score improvement was observed in the upper abdominal area at 42 h and 72 h after surgery. An INSI of up to 30 mL/kg body weight may be required to eliminate shoulder pain. Care must be taken before administering a higher amount of INSI, considering the potential risk of peritoneal adhesions. Clinical Registration: ISRCTN Identifier: 87898051 (Date: 26 June 2019) https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN87898051

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