scholarly journals Cognitive and motor skills in school-aged children following maternal vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy in rural Nepal: a follow-up of a placebo-controlled, randomised cohort

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e002000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian J Buckley ◽  
Laura E Murray-Kolb ◽  
Subarna K Khatry ◽  
Steven C LeClerq ◽  
Lee Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Rural Nepal

scholarly journals Maternal vitamin A supplementation increases natural antibody concentrations of preadolescent offspring in rural Nepal

Nutrition ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 813-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Palmer ◽  
Kerry J. Schulze ◽  
Subarna K. Khatry ◽  
Luigi M. De Luca ◽  
Keith P. West
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Natural Antibody ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Rural Nepal

scholarly journals Impact of Maternal Daily Oral Low-Dose Vitamin A Supplementation on the Mother–Infant Pair: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial in China

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2370
Author(s):  
Ye Ding ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Fangping Xu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Lactating Mothers

Background: The nutritional status of vitamin A in lactating mothers and infants is still not optimistic. Due to the dietary habits and dietary restrictions of postpartum customs in China, vitamin A supplementation has been advocated as a potential strategy to improve vitamin A status of lactating mothers with inadequate dietary vitamin A intake. Existing clinical trials are limited to single or double high-dose maternal administrations. However, in China, vitamin A supplements are readily available in the form of daily oral low-dose supplements, and the effect of these is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the retinol levels in the serum and breast milk of lactating mothers and the health status of infants in China. Methods: Lactating mothers who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breastfeeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral vitamin A and D drops (one soft capsule of 1800 IU vitamin A and 600 IU vitamin D2), or a matching placebo for 2 months. Before and after the intervention, dietary intake was investigated by instant photography, and the retinol concentration in maternal serum and breast milk was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. During the trial, the health status of infants was diagnosed by a paediatrician or reported by lactating mothers. A total of 245 participants completed the study, with 117 in the supplementation group and 128 in the control group. Results: After the 2-month intervention, maternal serum retinol concentrations increased in the supplementation group with no change in the control group. Although breast milk retinol concentrations decreased significantly in both groups, the decrease in the supplementation group was significantly lower than that in the control group. However, maternal vitamin A supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of infant febrile illness, respiratory tract infection, diarrhoea, and eczema. Conclusions: Daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation is helpful in improving maternal vitamin A status, despite having no effect on infant health status through breast milk.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal vitamin A supplementation on retinol concentration in colostrum

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evellyn C. Grilo ◽  
Mayara S.R. Lima ◽  
Lahyana R.F. Cunha ◽  
Cristiane S.S. Gurgel ◽  
Heleni A. Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Retinol Concentration

scholarly journals Early neonatal vitamin A supplementation and infant mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin ◽  
Early Infant ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundBiannual vitamin A supplementation is a well-established survival tool for preschool children 6 months and older in vitamin A deficient populations but this schedule misses the opportunity to intervene on most young infant deaths. Randomised trials of neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) in the first few days of life to assess its impact on under 6-month mortality in low/middle-income countries have had varying results.MethodsInvestigators of 11 published randomised placebo-controlled NVAS trials (n=163 567 children) reanalysed their data according to an agreed plan and pooled the primary outcomes of mortality from supplementation through 6 and 12 months of age using random effects models and meta-regression. One investigator withdrew but allowed use of the data.FindingsOverall there was no effect of NVAS on infant survival through 6 (risk ratio (RR) 0.97; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.06) or 12 months of age (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.08) but results varied by study population characteristics.NVAS significantly reduced 6-month mortality among the trials conducted in Southern Asia (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.98), in contexts with moderate or severe vitamin A deficiency (defined as 10% or higher proportion of women with serum retinol <0.7 µmol/L or 5% or more women with night blindness) (RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.94), early infant mortality was 30 or more per 1000 live births (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98), 75% or more of infant mortality occurred in the first 6 months of life (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.84 to 1.01), or where >32% mothers had no schooling (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80 to 0.96). NVAS did not reduce mortality in the first 6 months of life in trials conducted in Africa, in contexts characterised by a low prevalence of vitamin A deficiency, lower rates of infant mortality and where maternal education was more prevalent. There was a suggestion of increased infant mortality in trials conducted in Africa (RR 1.07; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.15).Individual-level characteristics such as sex, birth weight, gestational age and size, age at dosing, parity, time of breast feeding initiation, maternal education and maternal vitamin A supplementation did not modify the impact of NVAS.ConclusionNVAS reduced infant mortality in South Asia, in contexts where the prevalence of maternal vitamin A deficiency is moderate to severe and early infant mortality is high; but it had no beneficial effect on infant survival in Africa, in contexts where the prevalence of maternal vitamin A deficiency is lower, early infant mortality is low.

scholarly journals Resolution of Bitot's spots following mega-dose vitamin A supplementation in children between 1 and 5 years of age

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1614-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Kapil ◽  
Shraddha Dwivedi ◽  
Harshpal S Sachdev ◽  
SN Dwivedi ◽  
RM Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Predictors Of Response ◽  
Before And After

AbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of Bitot's spots (BS) is often used to quantify vitamin A deficiency burden in India, both before and after mega-dose vitamin A supplementation (MVAS) programmes. However, the proportion of BS cured following this intervention is unclear in contemporary times. The current study evaluated the responsiveness of BS over 1 year to MVAS administered as per the national programme in rural India.DesignProspective, community-based, 1-year follow-up of a cohort.SettingRural Uttar Pradesh, India.SubjectsTwo hundred and sixty-two children with BS, aged between 1 and 5 years, administered 60 mg (retinol equivalent) of vitamin A on diagnosis and after 1 month. Cure or resolution was defined if there was no discernible BS in either eye.ResultsDuring 1 year, only three children were lost to follow-up. At 6 months of follow-up (MVAS at baseline and 1 month later), 51·1 (95% CI 45·3, 57·3) % were classified as cured. The corresponding figure at 1 year (additional MVAS at 6 months) was 59·9 (95% CI 54·1, 65·9) %. Among those cured at 6 months, about half and three-quarters had resolved at 2 and 3 months, respectively. Apart from male gender, there were no significant sociodemographic or clinical predictors of response.ConclusionsSubstantial non-response to MVAS at 6 months (49%) and 1 year (40%) of follow-up suggests that presently in the Indian subcontinent, BS is a relatively crude indicator of severe current vitamin A deficiency. For programmatic decisions and evaluation, the public health burden of vitamin A deficiency should not be assessed solely through BS.

scholarly journals Maternal Vitamin A Supplementation Expands Adipose Progenitor Population through Promoting Vascular Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Xing Fu ◽  
Shuming Zhang ◽  
Xingwei Liang ◽  
Meijun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Maternal Vitamin
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