scholarly journals Covid-19: Vaccine woes highlight vital role of traditional public health

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n968
Author(s):  
Fiona Godlee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vital Role

scholarly journals Pharmacists as Immunizers: The Role of Pharmacies in Promoting Immunization Campaigns and Counteracting Vaccine Hesitancy

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Coverage Rates ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Productivity Gains

Vaccines represent fundamental public health interventions aimed to counteract or, at least, partially mitigate the severe epidemiological and economic burden generated by communicable disorders, in terms of (i) outcome-related, (ii) behavior-related productivity gains, and (iii) community externalities in developed settings as well as in developing countries. Despite their importance, several parents choose not to immunize their children due to the rising phenomenon of anti-vaccination movements that divulge vaccine-related “fake news” and “post-modern, post-factual truths”. Vaccine hesitancy represents a threat that can seriously jeopardize the implementation and success of vaccination campaigns. Within this framework, from a public health perspective, community pharmacies can play a vital role in that pharmacists can: (i) act as immunizers (vaccine distributors, educators, facilitators and administrators), (ii) improve vaccine-related health literacy and vaccination coverage rates as well as (iii) remove barriers and obstacles to the access to healthcare settings offering immunization services and (iv) counteract vaccine hesitancy.

Evolution of the Cancer Registrar in the Era of Informatics

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Kelly W. Merriman ◽  
Ronda G. Broome ◽  
Giordana De Las Pozas ◽  
Lisa D. Landvogt ◽  
Ying Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Care Outcomes ◽  
Improving Patient Care

The cancer registrar reports accurate, complete, and timely abstracted cancer data to various healthcare agencies. The data are used for understanding the incidence of cancer, evaluating the effectiveness of public health efforts in the prevention of new cases and improving patient care outcomes and survival. There are increasing demands placed on registrars for additional data points with real-time submission to reporting agencies. To that end, registrars are increasing the use of informatics to meet the demand. The purpose of this article is the role of the registrar in the collection and reporting of critical cancer data and how registrars are currently using informatics to enhance their work. This article describes how informatics can be leveraged in the future and how registrars play a vital role in meeting the increasing demands placed on them to provide timely, meaningful, and accurate data for the cancer community.

scholarly journals Overview of Beta-Lactam Allergy and the Role of the Pharmacist in Management

Allergies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
Nicole Bradley ◽  
Yuman Lee ◽  
Dana Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Skin Testing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinically Significant

Unverified beta-lactam allergies are a substantial public health problem, as the majority of patients labeled as beta-lactam allergic do not have clinically significant allergies that may hinder the use beta-lactam therapy when indicated. Outdated or inaccurate beta-lactam or penicillin allergies can result in serious consequences, including suboptimal antibiotic therapy, increased risk of adverse effects, and use of broader spectrum antibiotics than indicated, which may contribute to antimicrobial resistance. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of beta-lactam allergy and highlight the role of pharmacists in managing beta-lactam allergies. Studies have shown that pharmacists can play a vital role in allergy assessment, penicillin skin testing, beta-lactam desensitization, evaluation of beta-lactam cross-reactivity and recommending appropriate antibiotic therapy in patients with beta-lactam allergies.

Cave Vulgantem Morbum — Tuberculosis

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Christiansen ◽  
T D Koelmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Medical Audit ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Post Mortem Examination

This study investigates the circumstances surrounding all cases of tuberculosis found at autopsy in Auckland during the period 1975–1992. Cases were placed in one of six categories according to the medical history and autopsy findings. Of the 34 cases in the study 22 were clinically undiagnosed prior to autopsy. Of these, six exhibited respiratory symptoms that should have led to a diagnosis and three reported unexplained chronic symptoms such as weight loss for which tuberculosis should at least have been considered. Only 10 cases were correctly diagnosed before death. The autopsy plays an important role in finding undiagnosed cases of tuberculosis, as patient contacts may then be followed up. The vital role of post-mortem examination in medical audit and public health is, once again, demonstrated.

Asiana Airlines Flight 214

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chow ◽  
Stephen Yortsos ◽  
Najmedin Meshkati
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Pilot Performance ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Flight Deck

This article focuses on a major human factors–related issue that includes the undeniable role of cultural factors and cockpit automation and their serious impact on flight crew performance, communication, and aviation safety. The report concentrates on the flight crew performance of the Boeing 777–Asiana Airlines Flight 214 accident, by exploring issues concerning mode confusion and autothrottle systems. It also further reviews the vital role of cultural factors in aviation safety and provides a brief overview of past, related accidents. Automation progressions have been created in an attempt to design an error-free flight deck. However, to do that, the pilot must still thoroughly understand every component of the flight deck – most importantly, the automation. Otherwise, if pilots are not completely competent in terms of their automation, the slightest errors can lead to fatal accidents. As seen in the case of Asiana Flight 214, even though engineering designs and pilot training have greatly evolved over the years, there are many cultural, design, and communication factors that affect pilot performance. It is concluded that aviation systems designers, in cooperation with pilots and regulatory bodies, should lead the strategic effort of systematically addressing the serious issues of cockpit automation, human factors, and cultural issues, including their interactions, which will certainly lead to better solutions for safer flights.

Energy Efficiency Analysis in ERA using NFL-BA Algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
Palky Mehta ◽  
H. L. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Head ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Energy Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

In the current scenario of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), power consumption is the major issue associated with nodes in WSN. LEACH technique plays a vital role of clustering in WSN and reduces the energy usage effectively. But LEACH has its own limitation in order to search cluster head nodes which are randomly distributed over the network. In this paper, ERA-NFL- BA algorithm is being proposed for selects the cluster heads in WSN. This algorithm help in selection of cluster heads can freely transform from global search to local search. At the end, a comparison has been done with earlier researcher using protocol ERA-NFL, which clearly shown that proposed Algorithm is best suited and from comparison results that ERA-NFL-BA has given better performance.

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