Covid-19: Build on success of vaccination programme in reaching ethnic minority groups, report recommends

Background: The body of evidence on gene-environment interaction (GEI) related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) has grown in the recent years. However, most studies on GEI have sought to explain variation within individuals of European ancestry and results among ethnic minority groups are inconclusive. Objective: To investigate any interaction between a gene and an environmental factor in relation to T2D among ethnic minority groups living in Europe and North America. Methods: We systematically searched Medline and EMBASE databases for the published literature in English up to 25th March 2019. The screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by reviewers independently. Results: 1068 studies identified through our search, of which nine cohorts of six studies evaluating several different GEIs were included. The mean follow-up time in the included studies ranged from 5 to 25.7 years. Most studies were relatively small scale and few provided replication data. All studies included in the review included ethnic minorities from North America (Native-Americans, African- Americans, and Aboriginal Canadian), none of the studies in Europe assessed GEI in relation to T2D incident in ethnic minorities. The only significant GEI among ethnic minorities was HNF1A rs137853240 and smoking on T2D incident among Native-Canadians (Pinteraction = 0.006). Conclusion: There is a need for more studies on GEI among ethnicities, broadening the spectrum of ethnic minority groups being investigated, performing more discovery using genome-wide approaches, larger sample sizes for these studies by collaborating efforts such as the InterConnect approach, and developing a more standardized method of reporting GEI studies are discussed.

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Review of prevalence data in, and evaluation of methods for cross cultural adaptation of, UK surveys on tobacco and alcohol in ethnic minority groups

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.328.7439.563-a ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 328 (7439) ◽

pp. 563.2

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Prevalence Data ◽

Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽

Evaluation Of Methods

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Exploring the Frontier of Chinese Ethnic Minority Education: An Interview With Prof. Xing Teng

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

10.1177/10778004211014620 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107780042110146

Author(s):

Xing Teng ◽

Ping-Chun Hsiung

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Open Space ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Minority Education ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Special Issue ◽

Final Version ◽

Educational Anthropology ◽

Education In China ◽

Ethnic Minority Education

Xing Teng has spearheaded ethnic minority education and educational anthropology in China. As a member of the Han majority and an ally to ethnic minority groups, he has endeavored to open space for ethnic minority education in China. I sat down with Professor Teng in the summer of 2018. After transcribing the original interview into Chinese and in consultation with Professor Teng, four segments from the interview are translated for this Special Issue, with added footnotes. Statements are also included in the text for clarity. The final version has been lightly edited and condensed for length and clarity.

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Community-centred interventions for improving public mental health among adults from ethnic minority populations in the UK: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e041102

Author(s):

Cleo Baskin ◽

Geiske Zijlstra ◽

Mike McGrath ◽

Caroline Lee ◽

Fiona Helen Duncan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Public Mental Health ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Minority Populations ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Ethnic Minority Populations ◽

The Uk ◽

Intervention Description

ObjectivesUndertake a scoping review to determine the effectiveness of community-centred interventions designed to improve the mental health and well-being of adults from ethnic minority groups in the UK.MethodsWe searched six electronic academic databases for studies published between January 1990 and September 2019: Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane. For intervention description and data extraction we used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and Template for Intervention Description and Replication guide. Quality was assessed using Cochrane risk of bias tools. Grey literature results were deemed beyond the scope of this review due to the large number of interventions and lack of available outcomes data.ResultsOf 4501 studies, 7 met the eligibility criteria of UK-based community interventions targeting mental health in adults from ethnic minority populations: four randomised controlled trials, one pre/post-pilot study, one cross-sectional study and one ethnographic study. Interventions included therapy-style sessions, peer-support groups, educational materials, gym access and a family services programme. Common components included a focus on tackling social isolation, using lay health workers from within the community, signposting and overcoming structural barriers to access. Four studies reported a statistically significant positive effect on mental health outcomes and six were appraised as having a high risk of bias. Study populations were ethnically heterogeneous and targeted people mainly from South Asia. No studies examined interventions targeting men.ConclusionsThere is a paucity of high-quality evidence regarding community-centred interventions focused on improving public mental health among ethnic minority groups. Decision makers need scientific evidence to inform effective approaches to mitigating health disparities. Our next steps are to map promising community activities and interventions that are currently being provided to help identify emerging evidence.

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Disparities in Service Use and Expenditures for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in California in 2005 and 2013

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1934-9556-54.1.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Charlene Harrington ◽

Taewoon Kang

Keyword(s):

Developmental Disabilities ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Service Use ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Age Groups ◽

Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Geographic Variations ◽

To Receive ◽

Racial And Ethnic Minority

Abstract This study examined service use and expenditures for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) living at home and in the community in California in 2005 and 2013. The number of people assessed for IDD services increased, along with the percentage of individuals who did not receive any services between 2005 and 2013. Controlling for client needs, children age 3–21 were less likely than other age groups to receive any services using logistic regressions. All racial and ethnic minority groups were less likely to receive any services than were white populations. Females, younger people, and all racial and ethnic minority groups who received services had significantly lower expenditures, with wide geographic variations. The disparities by age, gender, race/ethnicity, and geography have persisted over time in California.

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Substance-Abuse and the Native American Student

Journal of Drug Education ◽

10.2190/kvpb-5r4d-ygwc-89ag ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 315-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susanna Murphy ◽

Richard R. Deblassie

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Native American ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

School Counselor ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Social Costs ◽

Substance Abuser ◽

American Student ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups

Substance abuse has resulted in high social costs to our society. Although this phenomenon exists in the American mainstream, as well as in the various sub-cultures throughout the country, it is given little attention in the case of specific ethnic/minority groups. This article revolves around substance abuse in terms of an overview, its prevention, and a focus on the Native American substance abuser. School counselor intervention strategies and implications are emphasized.

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