New gene editing technique CRISPR-Cas9 raises important ethical questions, says advisory body

BMJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. i5318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Advisory Body ◽  
New Gene

scholarly journals Applications of CRISPR/Cas Gene-Editing Technology in Fungi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binyou Liao ◽  
Lei Cheng ◽  
Yujie Zhou ◽  
Yangyang Shi ◽  
Xingchen Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Yeast Genome ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Genomic Editing ◽  
Cas Gene

Abstract Genome editing technology develop fast in recent years. The traditional gene-editing methods, including homologous recombination, zinc finger endonuclease, and transcription activator-like effector nuclease and so on, which have greatly promoted the research of genetics and molecular biology, have gradually showed their limitations such as low efficiency, high error rate, and complex design. In 2012,a new gene-editing technology, the CRISPR/Cas9 system, was setup based on the research of the immune responses to viruses from archaea and bacteria. Due to its advantages of high target efficiency, simple primer design, and wide application, CRISPR/Cas9 system, whose developers are awared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry this year, has become the dominant genomic editing technology in global academia and some pharmaceuticals. Here we briefly introduce the CRISPR/Cas system and its main applications in yeast, filamentous fungi and macrofungi, including single nucleotide, polygene and polyploid editing, yeast chromosome construction, yeast genome and yeast library construction, CRISPRa/CRISPRi-mediated, CRISPR platform of non-traditional yeast and regulation of metabolic pathway, to highlight the possible applications on fungal infection treatment and to promote the transformation and application of the CRISPR/Cas system in fungi.

scholarly journals Streamlining USDA Regulation of Gene Editing to Benefit US Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hartman ◽  
Wilson Horner ◽  
Christopher Jackson ◽  
Emma Kovak ◽  
Vetri Velan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
World Population ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Scientific Innovation ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Web Platform

Feeding a growing world population and adapting agricultural production to a changing climate is a significant challenge that can be mitigated through the use of new gene-editing technologies in crops. However, current regulatory processes are overly burdensome and confusing, limit scientific innovation, and unduly hinder the widespread production of genetically engineered crops. To address these shortcomings, we propose the consolidation of federal regulatory communication into the United States Department of Agriculture and a unified and detailed web platform for commercial approval applications.

The emerging role of CRISPR-Cas9 in molecular oncology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Radhika A. Vaishnav
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Molecular Oncology ◽  
New Gene

It is not uncommon to be curious about the recent hype surrounding the new gene editing player, Cas9, which recognizes and holds into place DNA segments known as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). Together, they are known as CRISPR-Cas9 or simply “CRISPR” for brevity. The binding of Cas9 causes the CRISPR sequences to become available for editing.

scholarly journals The genetics of intellectual disability: advancing technology and gene editing

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Asif Mir ◽  
Stephanie Efthymiou ◽  
Henry Houlden
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting 1–3% of the world’s population. Genetic factors play a key role causing the congenital limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. The heterogeneity of ID makes it more challenging for genetic and clinical diagnosis, but the advent of large-scale genome sequencing projects in a trio approach has proven very effective. However, many variants are still difficult to interpret. A combined approach of next-generation sequencing and functional, electrophysiological, and bioinformatics analysis has identified new ways to understand the causes of ID and help to interpret novel ID-causing genes. This approach offers new targets for ID therapy and increases the efficiency of ID diagnosis. The most recent functional advancements and new gene editing techniques involving the use of CRISPR–Cas9 allow for targeted editing of DNA in in vitro and more effective mammalian and human tissue-derived disease models. The expansion of genomic analysis of ID patients in diverse and ancient populations can reveal rare novel disease-causing genes.

scholarly journals Can gene editing reduce postharvest waste and loss of fruit, vegetables, and ornamentals?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma N. Shipman ◽  
Jingwei Yu ◽  
Jiaqi Zhou ◽  
Karin Albornoz ◽  
Diane M. Beckles
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
New Crops ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
New Gene ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Postharvest Loss ◽  
Do So

AbstractPostharvest waste and loss of horticultural crops exacerbates the agricultural problems facing humankind and will continue to do so in the next decade. Fruits and vegetables provide us with a vast spectrum of healthful nutrients, and along with ornamentals, enrich our lives with a wide array of pleasant sensory experiences. These commodities are, however, highly perishable. Approximately 33% of the produce that is harvested is never consumed since these products naturally have a short shelf-life, which leads to postharvest loss and waste. This loss, however, could be reduced by breeding new crops that retain desirable traits and accrue less damage over the course of long supply chains. New gene-editing tools promise the rapid and inexpensive production of new varieties of crops with enhanced traits more easily than was previously possible. Our aim in this review is to critically evaluate gene editing as a tool to modify the biological pathways that determine fruit, vegetable, and ornamental quality, especially after storage. We provide brief and accessible overviews of both the CRISPR–Cas9 method and the produce supply chain. Next, we survey the literature of the last 30 years, to catalog genes that control or regulate quality or senescence traits that are “ripe” for gene editing. Finally, we discuss barriers to implementing gene editing for postharvest, from the limitations of experimental methods to international policy. We conclude that in spite of the hurdles that remain, gene editing of produce and ornamentals will likely have a measurable impact on reducing postharvest loss and waste in the next 5–10 years.

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