Statins: numbers needed to treat and personal decision making

BMJ ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 349 (aug05 12) ◽  
pp. g4980-g4980
Author(s):  
R. S. Bhopal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Numbers Needed To Treat ◽  
Personal Decision

scholarly journals Determinant Factors in Personal Decision-Making to Adopt COVID-19 Prevention Measures in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8131
Author(s):  
Karina Fernanda Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Teresa Bull ◽  
Sebastian Muñoz-Herrera ◽  
Luis Felipe Robledo
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Model ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protective Action Decision Model ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Personal Decision ◽  
Action Decision

The pandemic has challenged countries to develop stringent measures to reduce infections and keep the population healthy. However, the greatest challenge is understanding the process of adopting self-care measures by individuals in different countries. In this research, we sought to understand the behavior of individuals who take self-protective action. We selected the risk homeostasis approach to identify relevant variables associated with the risk of contagion and the Protective Action Decision Model to understand protective decision-making in the pandemic. Subsequently, we conducted an exploratory survey to identify whether the same factors, as indicated in the literature, impact Chile’s adoption of prevention measures. The variables gender, age, and trust in authority behave similarly to those found in the literature. However, socioeconomic level, education, and media do not impact the protection behaviors adopted to avoid contagion. Furthermore, the application of the Protective Action Decision Model is adequate to understand the protective measures in the case of a pandemic. Finally, women have a higher risk perception and adopt more protective measures, and in contrast, young people between 18 and 30 years of age are the least concerned about COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Uncomfortable Decisions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bloom ◽  
Laurie Paul
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Career Change ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Social Science Data ◽  
Personal Decision ◽  
Algorithmic Process

Some decision-making processes are uncomfortable. Many of us do not like to make significant decisions, such as whether to have a child, solely based on social science research. We do not like to choose randomly, even in cases where flipping a coin is plainly the wisest choice. We are often reluctant to defer to another person, even if we believe that the other person is wiser, and have similar reservations about appealing to powerful algorithms. And, while we are comfortable with considering and weighing different options, there is something strange about deciding solely on a purely algorithmic process, even one that takes place in our own heads.What is the source of our discomfort? We do not present a decisive theory here—and, indeed, the authors have clashing views over some of these issues—but we lay out the arguments for two (consistent) explanations. The first is that such impersonal decision-making processes are felt to be a threat to our autonomy. In all of the examples above, it is not you who is making the decision, it is someone or something else. This is to be contrasted with personal decision-making, where, to put it colloquially, you “own” your decision, though of course you may be informed by social science data, recommendations of others, and so on. A second possibility is that such impersonal decision-making processes are not seen as authentic, where authentic decision making is one in which you intentionally and knowledgably choose an option in a way that is “true to yourself.” Such decision making can be particularly important in contexts where one is making a life-changing decision of great import, such as the choice to emigrate, start a family, or embark on a major career change.

Consumers' perceptions of personal decision-making: Its relation to cognitive dissonance

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Brijball
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Correct Decision ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Personal Decision

The study assesses consumers' perceptions of their personal decision-making ability and process. The empirical analysis was undertaken on a sample of 200 new motor vehicle consumers. The results indicate that the majority of the consumers displayed confidence in the decisions they took, believing they engaged in high quality and correct decision-making and were able to conclude good deals. The majority of consumers indicated that they were not influenced by external others and were not anxious during decision-making, although a significant percentage reported the impact of external influence and anxiety during purchases. Opsomming In hierdie studie word verbruikers se waameming van hulle eie besluitnemingsvermoe en proses geevalueer. Die empiriese ontleding is uitgevoer op n steekproefvan 200 eienaars van nuwe voertuie. Dit blyk uit die resultate, dat die meerderheid verbruikers vertroue gehad het in hulle besluitnemingsproses, dat hulle besluite korrek was en dat hulle n lonende transaksie beklink het. Die meerderheid het aangedui dat hulle nie beihvloed is deur eksteme invloede nie en dat hulle nie anstig was tydens die besluitnemingsproses nie, alhoewel n betekenisvolle persentasie van verbruikers wel hierdie invloede en angstigheid gedurende die aankoop ervaar het.

POSSIBILITIES OF ENSURING PERSONAL FREEDOM AND PUBLIC SECURITY IN CONTEMPORARY MIGRATION CONTEXT: THEORETICAL ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nijolė Aukštuolytė ◽  
Aušra Stepanovienė
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Personal Freedom ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Text Interpretation ◽  
Personal Decision

The article deals with compatibility of personal freedom and public security. The aim of the research is to analyse theoretical aspects of the correlation between personal freedom and public security and evaluate their assurance possibilities in the context of contemporary global migration. The article emphasizes value of freedom and security, their interconnection as well as demand and possibilities of their compatibility. Aspects of freedom as personal decision-making and freedom as realizing that decision are analyzed by revealing that extension of freedom boundaries common to contemporary society can turn into self-will with regard to other individuals or society. Such concept of freedom subsequently raises the issue of public security. The following research methods were employed: text interpretation, rational reconstructions, historical explications. On the basis of the methods, the essential ideas of the issue under discussion, its arguments and meanings within historical context were revealed. The conducted analysis allows one to make a conclusion that an individual is free in the society as much as he acknowledges others’ right for freedom whereas the society is secure if certain individual’s self-will is limited for the sake of all society members’ right to freedom. Assurance of personal freedom and public security is the goal of contemporary democratic society and different state institutions including the State Border Guard Service, and has become extremely relevant in the context of modern global migration.

scholarly journals Personal Decision-Making Criteria Related to Seasonal and Pandemic A(H1N1) Influenza-Vaccination Acceptance among French Healthcare Workers

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e38646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Bouadma ◽  
François Barbier ◽  
Lucie Biard ◽  
Marina Esposito-Farèse ◽  
Bertrand Le Corre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Vaccination Acceptance ◽  
Personal Decision ◽  
Decision Making Criteria

scholarly journals Acute effects of alcohol on social and personal decision making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Karlsson ◽  
Emil Persson ◽  
Irene Perini ◽  
Adam Yngve ◽  
Markus Heilig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Personal Decision

scholarly journals A Reasoned Approach to Dealing With Fake News

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anne Britt ◽  
Jean-François Rouet ◽  
Dylan Blaum ◽  
Keith Millis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
False Information ◽  
Information Evaluation ◽  
Personal Decision ◽  
Incorrect Information ◽  
The Web

We now have almost no filters on information that we can access, and this requires a much more vigilant, knowledgeable reader. Learning false information from the web can have dire consequences for personal, social, and personal decision making. Given how our memory works and our biases in selecting and interpreting information, now more than ever we must control our own cognitive and affective processing. As examples: Simply repeating information can increase confidence in its perceived truth; initial incorrect information remains available and can continue to have an effect despite learning the corrected information; and we are more likely to accept information that is consistent with our beliefs. Information evaluation requires readers (a) to set and monitor their goals of accuracy, coherence, and completeness; (b) to employ strategies to achieve these goals; and (c) to value this time- and effort-consuming systematic evaluation. Several recommendations support a reasoned approach to fake news and manipulation.

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