scholarly journals How evidence based is English public health policy?

BMJ ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 343 (nov17 1) ◽  
pp. d7310-d7310 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Katikireddi ◽  
M. Higgins ◽  
L. Bond ◽  
C. Bonell ◽  
S. Macintyre
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Evidence Based

A Modelling Framework for Evidence-based Public Health Policy Making

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Marios Prasinos ◽  
Ioannis Basdekis ◽  
Marco Anisetti ◽  
George Spanoudakis ◽  
Dimitris D.G Koutsouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modelling Framework

The First Thousand Days: early, integrated and evidence-based approaches to improving child health: coming to a population near you?

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 837-841
Author(s):  
Jonathan C Darling ◽  
Panagiotis D Bamidis ◽  
Janice Burberry ◽  
Mary C J Rudolf
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Widespread Implementation ◽  
Recent Government

The ‘First Thousand Days’ refers to the period from conception to the child’s second birthday. It is increasingly gaining traction as a concept to guide public health policy. It is seen as a crucial window of opportunity for interventions that improve child and population health. This review outlines the origin and growth of the First Thousand Days concept, and the evidence behind it, particularly in the areas of brain development and cognition; mental and emotional health; nutrition and obesity; programming and economic benefits. The review then describes UK experience of use of the concept to inform policy, and a recent government inquiry that mandates more widespread implementation.

Evidence Based Public Health Policy Making: Tool Support

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Basdekis ◽  
Konstantin Pozdniakov ◽  
Marios Prasinos ◽  
Konstantina Koloutsou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Tool Support ◽  
Evidence Based

scholarly journals Diet and physical activity as determinants of weight gain, overweight and obesity: The WCRF/AICR evidence and policy implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isobel Bandurek ◽  
Emily Almond ◽  
Susannah Brown ◽  
Giota Mitrou ◽  
Ifigeneia Bourgiezi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Adults And Children

AbstractIntroductionGlobally, over 1.97 billion adults and 338 million children and adolescents are living with overweight and obesity, increasing the risk of numerous co-morbidities, including at least 12 cancers(1). WCRF/AICR conducted a literature review of diet and physical activity as determinants of weight gain, overweight and obesity in adults and children. We also introduce a novel evidence-based policy framework for promoting physical activity, and linked database, currently in development as part of the EU-funded CO-CREATE project on child and adolescent obesity prevention.Materials and MethodsEvidence on diet and physical activity as determinants and risk of weight gain, overweight and obesity was systematically extracted from existing reviews and a systematic search for recent meta-analyses, then collated and analysed. The WCRF Continuous Update Project Expert Panel drew conclusions about which exposures influence risk of weight gain, overweight and obesity, using pre-defined criteria that included evidence of biological plausibility.ResultsThe Panel identified strong evidence that several diet and physical activity related exposures influence the risk of weight gain, overweight and obesity in adults and children (see table 1). Separate conclusions were drawn for adults and children in relation to screen time, considered a marker of sedentary time.However, the Panel noted that as exposures tend to cluster, physiologically interact and share common biological mechanisms, they should not be regarded as absolutely ‘singular'but an integrated concept of interrelated exposures within a pattern of lifestyle. Table 1.Risk of weight gain, overweight and obesitySTRONG EVIDENCEDECREASES RISKINCREASES RISKCONVINCINGWalkingScreen time (children)Sugar sweetened drinksPROBABLEAerobic physical activityFoods containing dietary fibre‘Mediterranean type’ dietary patternHaving been breastfedScreen time (adults)‘Fast foods’‘Western type’ dietFor full list of footnotes, see Energy Balance and Body Fatness report(1).DiscussionHealthy dietary patterns help prevent excess weight gain. Achieving such patterns requires attention to the broader economic, environmental and social factors that influence and constrain people's behaviour. The findings of this report support the need for evidence-based public health policy to help create health-enabling environments, particularly for children and adolescents. The WCRF International MOVING framework(2) presents a package of policies to promote physical activity, which alongside wider public health policy can help address the multiple drivers of overweight and obesity.

NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR HIGH-COST DRUGS IN BRAZIL: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONSTRAINTS OF AN INNOVATIVE NATIONAL EVIDENCE-BASED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo D. Picon ◽  
Alberto Beltrame ◽  
David Banta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
National Guidelines

Introduction: The translation of best evidence into practice has become an important purpose of policy making in health care. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions with widespread regional and social inequalities, the dissemination and use of the best-evidence in policy making is a critical issue for the healthcare system.Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to describe an evidence-based public health policy with special emphasis on guidelines creation for high-cost medicines. We also describe how that strategy was diffused to the judiciary system and to other parts of the healthcare system.Results: We present an 11-year follow-up of a national project for creating and updating guidelines for high-cost medicines in Brazil. A total of 109 national guidelines were published (new or updated versions) for 66 selected diseases, the first such effort in Brazilian history. The project influenced the Brazilian legislature, which has recently established a Federal Law requiring national guidelines for any new technology listed for payment by the Brazilian public healthcare system.Conclusion: We were able to involve many different stakeholders in a partnership between academia and policy makers, which made possible the widespread dissemination of the clinical practice guidelines. Problems and constraints were also encountered. This evolving public health strategy might be useful for other developing countries.

Risk and Precaution

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Stephen D. John
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Based Medicine

This chapter develops schematic remarks on different aspects of the ethics of risk. First, it outlines some problems in the ethics of chance, paying particular attention to the prevention paradox. It turns to the ethics of certainty, sketching ongoing debates over the precautionary principle in public health policy and how they relate to the evidence-based medicine movement. It also explains emerging issues around concepts of risk and precaution in epidemiology that are linked to the rise of Big Data analytics. The chapter addresses problems concerning the uses of research findings by policymakers rather than their generation by epidemiologists. It points out how problems of chance and certainty complicate the task of balancing between individual interests and the collective good.

Evidence-Based Public Health Policy and Practice: Promises and Limits

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 226-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Anderson ◽  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
Mindy T. Fullilove ◽  
Steven M. Teutsch ◽  
Lloyd F. Novick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Health Policy And Practice
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