scholarly journals The benefits of statins in people without established cardiovascular disease but with cardiovascular risk factors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 338 (jun30 1) ◽  
pp. b2376-b2376 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Brugts ◽  
T Yetgin ◽  
S E Hoeks ◽  
A M Gotto ◽  
J Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Effects of low-carbohydrate dietsv. low-fat diets on body weight and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Mansoor ◽  
Kathrine J. Vinknes ◽  
Marit B. Veierød ◽  
Kjetil Retterstøl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractThe effects of low-carbohydrate (LC) diets on body weight and cardiovascular risk are unclear, and previous studies have found varying results. Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT), assessing the effects of LC dietsv. low-fat (LF) diets on weight loss and risk factors of CVD. Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Trials. Studies had to fulfil the following criteria: a RCT; the LC diet was defined in accordance with the Atkins diet, or carbohydrate intake of <20 % of total energy intake; twenty subjects or more per group; the subjects were previously healthy; and the dietary intervention had a duration of 6 months or longer. Results from individual studies were pooled as weighted mean difference (WMD) using a random effect model. In all, eleven RCT with 1369 participants met all the set eligibility criteria. Compared with participants on LF diets, participants on LC diets experienced a greater reduction in body weight (WMD –2·17 kg; 95 % CI –3·36, –0·99) and TAG (WMD –0·26 mmol/l; 95 % CI –0·37, –0·15), but a greater increase in HDL-cholesterol (WMD 0·14 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·09, 0·19) and LDL-cholesterol (WMD 0·16 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·003, 0·33). This meta-analysis demonstrates opposite change in two important cardiovascular risk factors on LC diets – greater weight loss and increased LDL-cholesterol. Our findings suggest that the beneficial changes of LC diets must be weighed against the possible detrimental effects of increased LDL-cholesterol.

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