Development of quantitative methods of measuring antifungal drug effects in the rabbit cornea.

E O Oji

doi:10.1136/bjo.65.2.89

Development of quantitative methods of measuring antifungal drug effects in the rabbit cornea.

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjo.65.2.89 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 89-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E O Oji

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Antifungal Drug ◽

Rabbit Cornea

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SensitiveIn VitroSystem To Assess Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Praziquantel and Albendazole onTaenia soliumCysts

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00761-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. Mahanty ◽

A. Paredes ◽

M. Marzal ◽

E. Gonzalez ◽

S. Rodriguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Metabolite ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Cyst Size ◽

Biochemical Effects

ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis resulting fromTaenia soliuminfections is a major cause of adult-acquired seizures worldwide. Disease is caused by larval cysts, and treatment consists of the anthelmintic drugs albendazole or praziquantel. There are no standard methods to assess drug activity toT. soliumcystsin vitro. Morphological, functional, and biochemical changes that might reflect damaging (inhibiting, cytotoxic) drug effects were analyzed after exposure of cysts to albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), the major active metabolite of the drugin vivo, praziquantel (PZQ), or combinations of both. PZQ exposure led to a decrease in cyst size and inhibition of evagination, whereas ABZ-SO exposure resulted in minimal changes. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is normally secreted by cysts, and both drugs inhibited AP secretion at concentrations of 5 and 50 ng/ml for PZQ and ABZ-SO, respectively. Some combinations of both drugs resulted in additive and/or synergistic activities. Parasite-specific antigen, detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of infected patients, is also normally secreted byT. soliumcysts. Antigen secretion was similarly inhibited by ABZ-SO and PZQ and a combination of both drugs, suggesting that inhibition of secretion is a common downstream consequence of the activities of both drugs. These studies establish quantitative methods to measurein vitroanthelmintic activity and suggest combination therapy with ABZ-SO and PZQ may have clinical benefit.

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Quantitative Methods of Data Analysis for the Physical Sciences and Engineering

10.1017/9781139342568 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Douglas G. Martinson

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Physical Sciences

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Quantitative Methods in Archaeology Using R

10.1017/9781139628730 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David L. Carlson

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Methods

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Reduction in Pain Sensitivity from Pharmacological Elevation of Blood Pressure in Persons with Chronically Low Blood Pressure

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803.23.3.104 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 104-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Stefan Duschek ◽

Heike Heiss ◽

Boriana Buechner ◽

Rainer Schandry

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Pain Sensitivity ◽

Pain Threshold ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Pressure Effects ◽

Double Blind ◽

Low Blood Pressure ◽

Present Trial

Recent studies have revealed evidence for increased pain sensitivity in individuals with chronically low blood pressure. The present trial explored whether pain sensitivity can be reduced by pharmacological elevation of blood pressure. Effects of the sympathomimetic midodrine on threshold and tolerance to heat pain were examined in 52 hypotensive persons (mean blood pressure 96/61 mmHg) based on a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Heat stimuli were applied to the forearm via a contact thermode. Confounding of drug effects on pain perception with changes in skin temperature, temperature sensitivity, and mood were statistically controlled for. Compared to placebo, higher pain threshold and tolerance, increased blood pressure, as well as reduced heart rate were observed under the sympathomimetic condition. Increases in systolic blood pressure between points of measurement correlated positively with increases in pain threshold and tolerance, and decreases in heart rate were associated with increases in pain threshold. The findings underline the causal role of hypotension in the augmented pain sensitivity related to this condition. Pain reduction as a function of heart rate decrease suggests involvement of a baroreceptor-related mechanism in the pain attrition. The increased proneness of persons with chronic hypotension toward clinical pain is discussed.

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