scholarly journals Measurement of whole unstimulated salivary flow in the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome.

1992 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Speight ◽  
A Kaul ◽  
R D Melsom
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

scholarly journals Oral Disorders in Sjögren’s Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Sijan Gobeljic ◽  
Vera Milic ◽  
Nada Pejnovic ◽  
Nemanja Damjanov
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Abstract Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a complex, chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease that mainly affects the exocrine glands, especially the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to the dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with fatigue, joint and muscle pain. The prevalence of SS is estimated to be between 0.05% and 1% in European population. Diagnosis of SS is based on the revised criteria of the American-European consensus group (AECG). Sjogren’s syndrome can be subclassified into primary disease (primary Sjogren syndrome, pSS) and a secondary disease (secondary Sjogren syndrome, sSS) when present with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis. The decrease in salivary flow and qualitative alterations in saliva could explain many of the oral manifestations frequently present in patients with SS. Low salivary flow may affect chewing, swallowing, speech and sleeping in pSS patients. Oral manifestations include dental erosion, dental caries, mucosal infection, ulcers and oral candidiasis. Recent studies reveal that pSS patients experience impaired olfactory and gustatory functions and have higher occurrence of oral complications such as dysgeusia, burning sensation in the tongue (BST) and halitosis. The exocrine manifestations and systemic involvement in SS significantly impact the patient’s perception of oral healthrelated quality of life (OHRQoL).

Sjögren’s syndrome—management

2013 ◽  
pp. 1054-1059
Author(s):  
Wan-Fai Ng ◽  
Arjan Vissink ◽  
Elke Theander ◽  
Francisco Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Management of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) encompasses confirmation of diagnosis, disease assessment, and treatment of glandular and systemic manifestations including special situations such as pregnancy and SS-related lymphoma. The 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria are the current gold standard for the diagnosis of SS. These criteria replace the 2002 American European Consensus Group (AECG) classification criteria. Salivary gland sialometry, sialochemistry, and ultrasound and tear osmolarity may be useful adjuncts. Symptoms of SS are non-specific and must be actively explored. When assessing patients with SS, it is important to consider not only objective parameters such as abnormalities in blood tests and changes in tear and salivary flow, but also patient-reported outcome measures and impact on quality of life. Current management of patients with SS is hampered by the lack of evidence-based strategies. The symptoms experienced by patients with SS are often not fully appreciated by clinicians, which may contribute to the suboptimal management of the condition. Management of fatigue remains a major challenge and a holistic, multidisciplinary approach is recommended. Factors that may contribute to fatigue should be fully addressed. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of SS have informed more targeted therapeutic strategies with some promising data. Optimal management of SS requires expertise from different disciplines. Combined clinics with rheumatology, oral medicine, and ophthalmology input will improve care and communications as well as reduce the number of clinic visits for patients and healthcare-related cost. Effective link between pSS specialists, dentists, opticians, and general practitioners will facilitate early diagnosis and reduce risk of long-term disability of SS.

Sjögren’s syndrome—management

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Fai Ng ◽  
Arjan Vissink ◽  
Elke Theander ◽  
Francisco Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Management of Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) encompasses confirmation of diagnosis, disease assessment, and treatment of glandular and systemic manifestations including special situations such as pregnancy and SS-related lymphoma. The American European Consensus Group (AECG) classification criteria 2002 are the current gold standard for the diagnosis of SS. Salivary gland sialometry, sialochemistry, and ultrasound and tear osmolarity may be useful adjuncts. Recently, preliminary classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology have been introduced as an alternative to the AECG criteria. Symptoms of SS are non-specific and must be actively explored. When assessing patients with SS, it is important to consider not only objective parameters such as abnormalities in blood tests and changes in tear and salivary flow, but also patient-reported outcome measures and impact on quality of life. Current management of patients with SS is hampered by the lack of evidence-based strategies. The symptoms experienced by patients with SS are often not fully appreciated by clinicians, which may contribute to the suboptimal management of the condition. Management of fatigue remains a major challenge and a holistic, multidisciplinary approach is recommended. Factors that may contribute to fatigue should be fully addressed. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of SS have informed more targeted therapeutic strategies with some promising data. Optimal management of SS requires expertise from different disciplines. Combined clinics with rheumatology, oral medicine, and ophthalmology input will improve care and communications as well as reduce the number of clinic visits for patients and healthcare-related cost. Effective link between pSS specialists, dentists, opticians, and general practitioners will facilitate early diagnosis and reduce risk of long-term disability of SS.

Localization of 99mTechnetium in the Region of the Nose in Sjögren's Syndrome

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred E. Jones ◽  
Alvin L. Larson ◽  
Ralph D. Powell ◽  
Gerald S. Johnston ◽  
Robert I. Henkin
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Mucous Membrane ◽  
Nasal Region ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Patients with Sjögren's syndrome accumulated abnormal amounts of 99mtechnetium pertechnetate in the region of the nose during isotopic salivary flow studies. It was concurrently and independently observed that many patients with Sjögren's syndrome had hyposmia and pathological changes in the nasal mucous membranes. Fourteen patients with Sjögren's syndrome were studied for the relationship of the above observations and the nasal accumulation of radionuclide was compared with a control group of 16 subjects. Eleven of 14 patients with Sjögren's syndrome (78%) had nasal accumulation of the radionuclide; 14 had hyposmia and 13 of 14 had chronic inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane. One of 16 controls (6%) localized radionuclide in the nasal region. Results suggest that hyposmia, inflammatory changes in the nasal mucous membrane, and nasal accumulation of 99mtechnetium pertechnetate are interrelated aspects of Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren’s syndrome—management

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Fai Ng ◽  
Arjan Vissink ◽  
Elke Theander ◽  
Francisco Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Management of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) encompasses confirmation of diagnosis, disease assessment, and treatment of glandular and systemic manifestations including special situations such as pregnancy and SS-related lymphoma. The American European Consensus Group classification criteria 2002 are the current gold standard for the diagnosis of SS. Salivary gland sialometry, sialochemistry, and ultrasound and tear osmolarity may be useful adjuncts. Symptoms of SS are non-specific and must be actively explored. When assessing patients with SS, it is important to consider not only objective parameters such as abnormalities in blood tests and changes in tear and salivary flow, but also patient-reported outcome measures and impact on quality of life. Current management of patients with SS is hampered by the lack of evidence-based strategies. The symptoms experienced by patients with SS are often not fully appreciated by clinicians, which may contribute to the suboptimal management of the condition. Management of fatigue remains a major challenge and a holistic, multidisciplinary approach is recommended. Factors that may contribute to fatigue should be fully addressed. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of SS have informed more targeted therapeutic strategies with some promising data. Optimal management of SS requires expertise from different disciplines. Combined clinics with rheumatology, oral medicine, and ophthalmology input will improve care and communications as well as reduce the number of clinic visits for patients and healthcare-related cost. Effective link between pSS specialists, dentists, opticians, and general practitioners will facilitate early diagnosis and reduce risk of long-term disability of SS.

P2Y2 receptor antagonism resolves sialadenitis and improves salivary flow in a Sjögren’s syndrome mouse model

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 105067
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Jasmer ◽  
Lucas T. Woods ◽  
Kevin Muñoz Forti ◽  
Adam L. Martin ◽  
Jean M. Camden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
P2y2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonism ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

scholarly journals Is it possible to not perform salivary gland biopsy in targeted patients according to unstimulated salivary flow results in patients with suspected Sjögren's syndrome?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Sebastian ◽  
Patryk Woytala ◽  
Marta Madej ◽  
Krzysztof Proc ◽  
Katarzyna Czesak-Woytala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salivary Gland Biopsy ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Abstract Introduction/objective Xerostomia is one of the main symptoms of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). The unstimulated salivary flow (UWS) test is one of the objective Sjögren's syndrome classification criteria used to assess xerostomia's severity. The study’s objective was to evaluate UWS rate measurements (with a threshold rate of 0.1 mL/min) in the screening of patients suspected with pSS, presenting with xerostomia in whom labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB) should be performed. We will try to answer whether it is possible not to perform LSGB in targeted patients according to UWS results? We analyze the correlation between UWS value and focus score (FS) and anti-SSA antibodies. Methods The study group consisted of subjects above 18 years of age with a subjective feeling of oral dryness. Results A total of 105 subjects were qualified for the study. The final diagnosis of pSS was made in 44 patients according to the classification criteria from 2016. No age differences were identified between pSS patients and control group subjects (patients with dry mouth without autoimmune background). UWS rates were significantly lower in pSS patients than in the control group. No association was identified between UWS and focus score (FS) ≥ 1 in LSGB. No differences were observed between anti-SSA-positive and anti-SSA-negative patients in terms of age, UWS rates, FS. Conclusion LSGB should be performed in all suspected pSS cases regardless of the UWS rate value, particularly in subjects without specific anti-SSA antibodies. In patients with suspected pSS, only less than one-half of the UWS measurements are below the value of 0.1 mL/min adopted as the threshold in the classification criteria for pSS.

scholarly journals Effectiveness and Safety of Iguratimod in Treating Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jincheng Pu ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Farooq Riaz ◽  
Tongyangzi Zhang ◽  
Ronglin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Schirmer’S Test ◽  
Igg Level ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Objectives: We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of iguratimod (IGU) in treating primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) by meta-analysis.Methods: Eight databases and two clinical trial websites were searched from conception to August 10, 2020, for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on outcomes of patients with pSS treated with IGU. Revman 5.4 was used for statistical analysis and creating plots.Results: A total of 1,384 patients with pSS from 19 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results demonstrated that patients treated with IGU + hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) + glucocorticoid (GC) showed significant differences in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) level, platelet (PLT) count, immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, salivary flow rate, Schirmer’s test result, EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Patient Reported Index (ESSPRI), EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI), and efficacy rate (p ≤ 0.01) compared to patients treated with HCQ + GC. Compared to treatment with HCQ and GC, co-administration of IGU with GC showed significant differences in ESR and RF level (p ≤ 0.01); however, no significant differences were noted in IgG level. Conversely, the IgG level showed a significant improvement in the IGU + HCQ + GC group compared to the HCQ + GC group. The results of safety analysis revealed that seven trials showed no significant differences in adverse events (AEs) between the IGU + HCQ + GC and HCQ + GC groups (p = 0.15). Although no severe AEs were noted, gastrointestinal discomfort was the most common AE in the IGU group. No significant differences in AEs were observed between the IGU + GC and HCQ + GC groups.Conclusion: IGU improved the clinical symptoms of patients with pSS, including inflammatory indicators (ESR, IgG, and RF levels), PLT count, secretion function of the salivary and lacrimal glands (salivary flow rate and Schirmer’s test result), and disease indexes (ESSDAI and ESSPRI), when co-administered with HCQ + GC therapy without increasing the risks of AEs. Therefore, IGU can be considered as an effective and safe drug for clinical therapy of pSS. Considering the limitations of the present trials, more long-term, multicenter, and high-quality RCTs are required to assess the effectiveness and safety of IGU for treating patients with pSS.

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