Electrochemical preparation of poly(vinylferrocenium)perchlorate-polyaniline composite-modified platinium electrode in methylene chloride

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1855-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muammer Kavanoz ◽  
Mine Şen ◽  
Nuran Özçiçek Pekmez
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Redox Polymer ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Pt Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Methylene Chloride Solution ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
Intrinsically Conducting Polymer

A new surface based on poly(vinylferrocenium)perchlorate-polyaniline (PVF+ClO4–-PANI) composite-modified platinum electrode was prepared electrochemically to combine the electrocatalytic properties of an intrinsically conducting polymer and a redox polymer. The composite film was synthesized as a bilayer from individual polymerization solutions. Furthermore, PVF+ClO4– and PANI polymers were simultaneously deposited as a mixture from a methylene chloride solution containing PVF polymer and aniline monomer on Pt electrode. When PVF+ClO4– and PANI were codeposited by cycling the potential between 0.20 and 1.80 V vs Ag|AgCl, these polymers were encapsulated within each other. The encapsulation of PVF+ClO4– inside the growing PANI polymer provided the retainment of PVF+ClO4– on the electrode surface even if it was in dedoped form (PVF). This composite film was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, FTIR, SEM and conductivity measurements. The response of the composite film to catechol and hydroquinone was investigated by chronocoulometry in aqueous medium. It was found that the increase in charge consumption for catechol and hydroquinone was observed up to 7.5 and 5.0 times, respectively, when compared to that of PANI film. This might be due to the presence of PVF+ClO4– in the composite film, which played an important role in accelerating the electron transfer.

The study of electrochemical synthesis, properties and composite mechanism of PANI/PVA and PANI/PVA/Ag composite films

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-hao Deng ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Xi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
First Time ◽  
Co Doped

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to improve the conductivity and processability of polyaniline (PANI). Design/methodology/approach The study opted for synthesis of the conductive PANI/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film, co-doped with 5-sulphosalicylic acid and sulphuric acid. Using an electrochemical method, a small amount of silver (Ag) was electrodeposited on the film. The PVA/PANI and PVA/PANI/Ag composite films were characterised by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and infrared. The composite deposition mechanism of the composite film was investigated by cyclic voltammetry for the first time. Findings The conductivity of the optimum PVA/PANI composite film reached 21.2 S · cm−1.Then, a small amount of Ag was deposited on the PVA/PANI film, and the conductivity significantly increased by 1250 S · cm−1. Through appropriate degree of stretching, the conductivity of the films was enhanced. The results indicate that uniform PVA/PANI fibres and dendritic Ag can combine to form complete three-dimensional conductive networks that exhibit better conductivity and mechanical properties. The cyclic voltammetry curves reveal that the dedoping potential of PANI was more negative than the reduction potential of Ag. Therefore, the procedure for the deposition of Ag on the PANI/PVA composite film cannot decrease the conductivity. Practical implications This paper for the first time described and revealed the effective and practical synthesis approach and composite mechanism to prepare multi-types metal-conductive polymer composites and improve the conductivity of a conductive polymer with a less expense and one-step electrochemical method. Originality/value This paper first explored galvanostatic oxidation to synthesise a PANI composite film to resolve the processability and conductivity of PANI by co-doped with mixed acids and deposited Ag on film. Furthermore, for the first time, the composite mechanism of metal and conductive polymer was studied.

scholarly journals Tungsten Oxide and Polyaniline Composite Fabricated by Surfactant-Templated Electrodeposition and Its Use in Supercapacitors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benxue Zou ◽  
Shengchen Gong ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Tungsten Oxide ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Charge Storage ◽  
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Aniline Monomer ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Pani Composite ◽  
Potential Rate

Composite nanostructures of tungsten oxide and polyaniline (PANI) were fabricated on carbon electrode by electrocodeposition using sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) as the template. The morphology of the composite can be controlled by changing SDBS surfactant and aniline monomer concentrations in solution. With increasing concentration of aniline in surfactant solution, the morphological change from nanoparticles to nanofibers was observed. The nanostructured WO3/PANI composite exhibited enhanced capacitive charge storage with the specific capacitance of 201 F g−1at 1.28 mA cm−2in large potential window of-0.5~ 0.65 V versus SCE compared to the bulk composite film. The capacitance retained about 78% when the sweeping potential rate increased from 10 to 150 mV/s.

The addition of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulphenyl chloride to 1,3-disubstituted allenes: a reexamination

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Garratt ◽  
Pierre Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Effective Mechanism ◽  
Substituent Group ◽  
Methylene Chloride Solution ◽  
Inductive Effects ◽  
Allene System

The reaction of 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulphenyl chloride with eight alkyl 1,3-disubstituted allenes in methylene chloride solution has been investigated. In contrast to earlier reports, attack by sulphur is found to occur exclusively at the central allenic carbon. The direction of approach of sulphenyl chloride leads preferentially to the formation of the E isomers in accord with the concept of steric approach control. The ratio of E to Z alkene is found to increase as the bulk of the substituent group cis to the arylthio group increases. We observe, however, very little regioselectivity with respect to which of the mutually perpendicular π bonds of the allene system is attacked, suggesting the presence of an effective mechanism for transmission of inductive effects to the more distant double bond.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Preparation of Polyaniline- Supported Cu-CuO Core-Shell on 316L Stainless Steel Electrodes for Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai V. Le ◽  
Quang T. Le
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Pani Film ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Steel Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor ◽  
Core Shell Structure

In this article, we reported the elaboration of a nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on the polyaniline-supported Cu-CuO core-shell structure prepared on the 316L stainless steel electrode by electrochemical methods. In the first step, polyaniline (PANI) film was electrodeposited on the 316L substrate from a solution of 0.1 M aniline and 0.5 M sulfuric acid in absolute ethanol by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. In the second step, the copper particles were electrodeposited on the PANI film from CuCl2·2H2O 0.01 M precursor prepared in a KCl 0.1 M solution by the CV method. In the third step, Cu particles were partially oxidized to CuO by the CV method in a NaOH 0.1 M electrolyte to form a Cu-CuO core-shell structure supported on the PANI film. The as-prepared electrode (Cu-CuO/PANI/316L) was used to detect glucose in a NaOH 0.1 M solution. The Cu-CuO/PANI/316L sensor exhibited a linear range of 0.1–5 mM (R2 = 0.995) with a detection limit of 0.1 mM (S/N = 3) and high sensitivity of (25.71 mA·mM−1·cm−2). In addition, no significant interference was observed from sucrose, maltose, lactose, and ascorbic acid. The results showed that the polyaniline-supported Cu-CuO core-shell structure has the potential to be applied as an electrode material for the nonenzymatic glucose sensor.

Facile electrochemical preparation of a composite film of ruthenium dioxide and carboxylated graphene for a high performance supercapacitor

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (40) ◽  
pp. 33666-33675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Meng ◽  
Linping Wang ◽  
Hongbo Xiao ◽  
Yixuan Ma ◽  
Long Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ruthenium Dioxide ◽  
Electrochemical Preparation ◽  
Composite Electrodeposition

A high performance supercapacitor based on a composite of ruthenium dioxide and carboxylated graphene is constructed by composite electrodeposition and electrooxidation.

The reactions of [Pd2Cl2(μ-PP)2] (PP = dppm, dmpm) with Et2NC≡CNEt2 in methylene chloride solution: X-ray crystal structures of [Pd2Cl2(μ-CH2)(μ-dppm)2] and hexakis(diethylamino)benzene, C6(NEt2)6

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2331-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R. Klopfenstein ◽  
Constanze Kluwe ◽  
Kristin Kirschbaum ◽  
Julian A. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Methylene Chloride Solution ◽  
Methylene Group

The binuciear palladium(I) complex, [Pd2Cl2(μ-dppm)2] (dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane), has been shown to react with bis(diethylamino)acetylene, Et2NC≡CNEt2, in methylene chloride solution to yield two isolable products, the known methylene-bridged complex, [Pd2Cl2(μ-CH2)(μ-dppm)2], and hexakis(diethylamino)benzene, C6(NEt2)6, both of which have been characterized crystallographically. The source of the bridging methylene group in [Pd2Cl2(μ-CH2)(μ-dppm)2] has been shown to be the methylene chloride solvent. A mechanism that accounts for the formation of the two isolable products is proposed. The complex, [Pd2Cl2(μdmpm)2] (dmpm = bis(dimethylphosphino)methane), was similarly found to react with Et2NC≡NEt2 in methylene chloride solution to yield [Pd2Cl2(μ-CH2)(μ-dmpm)2], which was identified spectroscopically. Key words: acetylene, palladium, cyclooligomerization, aminoacetylene, hexakis(diethylamino)benzene.

An electrodeposited redox polymer–laccase composite film for highly efficient four-electron oxygen reduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shen ◽  
Huimin Deng ◽  
Alan Kay Liang Teo ◽  
Zhiqiang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Redox Polymer ◽  
Highly Efficient

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of ketone.BF3 complexes. I. Exchange reactions in methylene chloride solution

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2147-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Gillespie ◽  
J. S. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Methylene Chloride Solution ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Proton Resonances ◽  
Increasing Temperature

1H and 19F n.m.r. studies of BF3 adducts of some simple methyl ketones in methylene chloride solution have led to the following conclusions. (1) Only 1:1 adducts are formed which are not appreciably dissociated. (2) The down-field shifts of the proton resonances caused by complexation with BF3 are essentially independent of the ketone and depend only on the distance of the proton from the carbonyl group. (3) BF3 exchange is rapid on the n.m.r. time scale at room temperature, but the exchange process can be slowed sufficiently by lowering the temperature that separate signals due to free and complexed species can be observed. (4) Collapse of the 10B−11B isotope shift with increasing temperature showed that a second chemical exchange process, which exchanges fluorine among boron atoms, occurs in addition to the process of rapid breaking and re-forming of donor–acceptor bonds. A possible mechanism for this fluorine scrambling reaction is discussed.

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