Borrowing Intensity in Rare Earth Doped Materials; Magnetic Dipole Transitions

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 905-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian G. Wybourne ◽  
Lidia Smentek ◽  
Andrzej Kędziorski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Transition Amplitude ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Basis Sets ◽  
Interaction Operator ◽  
Magnetic Dipole Transitions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Operators

A theoretical model of magnetic dipole transitions in crystals doped by the lanthanide ions is based on the fourth-order perturbation theory applied for the Hamiltonian in which two perturbing mechanisms are taken into account. Namely, the impact due to the crystal field potential and also spin-orbit interaction operator is included in the transition amplitude. The analysis is performed in the language of Racah algebra applied for the formulation of the effective operators expressed in terms of unit double tensor operators. The radial integrals of the terms contributing at the fourth order are defined within the perturbed function approach, due to which their values are evaluated for the complete radial basis sets of one-electron states of given symmetry. The numerical analysis performed for the Eu3+ ion provides the information on the relative importance of various effective operators and allows one to establish a hierarchy of important terms contributing to the transition amplitude. The results of the analysis lead also to the verification of possible importance of magnetic dipole transitions in the description of 0 ↔ 0 and 0 ↔ 1 electric dipole transitions via the so-called borrowing mechanism introduced by Wybourne.

Magnetic Linear Birefringence in Rare Earth Systems. II. Third-Order Approach

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Lidia Smentek
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Rare Earth Ions ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Linear Birefringence ◽  
Third Order ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Operators

The theory of linear magnetic birefringence of rare earth ions in crystals is extended here by the contributions that represent a direct perturbing influence of the crystal field potential surrounding the central ion. The basic assumptions of the theoretical model are the same as in the previous analysis of second-order terms. The third-order contributions introduced here break the free ionic system approximation, and they represent the impact due to configuration interaction. The effective operators include the perturbing influence of the excitations from the 4f shell to one-electron states of the same parity (as previously at the second order), and in addition, the excitations to states of opposite parity. All contributing terms are expressed by the effective operators that are defined within the perturbed function approach. The tensorial structure of these operators is discussed, and special attention is directed to newly defined radial integrals. The values of all radial integrals that are necessary for the third-order numerical analysis are presented in the case of all lanthanide ions.

scholarly journals Disease-associated DNA methylation signatures in esophageal biopsies of children diagnosed with Eosinophilic Esophagitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Strisciuglio ◽  
Felicity Payne ◽  
Komal Nayak ◽  
Marialuisa Andreozzi ◽  
Alessandra Vitale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Field Potential ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Food Impaction ◽  
First Line ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Epigenetic Signatures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Line Treatment

AbstractEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a leading cause of dysphagia and food impaction in children and adults. The diagnosis relies on histological examination of esophageal mucosal biopsies and requires the presence of > 15 eosinophils per high-powered field. Potential pitfalls include the impact of biopsy sectioning as well as regional variations of eosinophil density. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation analyses on 30 esophageal biopsies obtained from children diagnosed with EoE (n = 7) and matched controls (n = 13) at the time of diagnosis as well as following first-line treatment. Analyses revealed striking disease-associated differences in mucosal DNA methylation profiles in children diagnosed with EoE, highlighting the potential for these epigenetic signatures to be developed into clinically applicable biomarkers.

Analysis of single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT/MWCNT) in the flow of Maxwell nanofluid with the impact of magnetic dipole

2021 ◽  
Vol 1200 ◽  
pp. 113223
Author(s):  
Varun Kumar ◽  
J.K. Madhukesh ◽  
A.M. Jyothi ◽  
B.C. Prasannakumara ◽  
M. Ijaz Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Maxwell Nanofluid ◽  
The Impact

Relativistic Many-Body Calculations of Magnetic Dipole Transitions in Be-Like Ions

1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
U I Safronova ◽  
W R Johnson ◽  
A Derevianko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Magnetic Dipole Transitions

scholarly journals Influence of Even-Order Dispersion on Super-Sech Soliton Transmission Quality under Coherent Crosstalk

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Panajotovic ◽  
Daniela Milovic ◽  
Anjan Biswas ◽  
Essaid Zerrad
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Trailing Edges ◽  
Even Order ◽  
Transmission Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Order Dispersion

The transmission speed of optical network strongly depends on the impact of higher order dispersion. In presence of coherent crosstalk, which cannot be otherwise controlled by optical filtering, the impact of higher order dispersions becomes more pronounced. In this paper, the general expressions, that describe pulse deformation due to second- and fourth-order dispersions in a single-mode fiber, are given. The responses for such even-order dispersions, in presence of coherent crosstalk, are characterized by waveforms with long trailing edges. The transmission quality of optical pulses, due to both individual and combined influence of second- and fourth-order dispersions, is studied in this paper. Finally, the pulse shape and eye diagrams are obtained.

Impact of Stefan blowing and magnetic dipole on bio-convective flow of Maxwell nanofluid over a stretching sheet

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110581
Author(s):  
A. Alhadhrami ◽  
Hassan A. H. Alzahrani ◽  
B. M. Prasanna ◽  
N. Madhukeshwara ◽  
K. C. Rajendraprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Stretching Sheet ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Hard Drives ◽  
Linear System Of Equations ◽  
High Heat Transfer ◽  
Non Linear System ◽  
The Impact

The features of ferromagnetic fluids make it supportive for an extensive usage in loudspeakers, magnetic resonance imaging, computer hard drives, directing of magnetic drug and magnetic hyperthermia. Owing to all such potential applications, the current investigation is to understand the relationship between the thermal distribution, magnetic field and resulting fluid flow of Maxwell liquid over a stretching sheet. Investigation of thermal energy and concentration is carried out in the presence of thermal radiation, non-uniform heat sink/source, chemical reaction, Stefan blowing, magnetic dipole, thermophoresis and Brownian motion. Also, microorganisms are considered just to stabilize the suspended nanoparticles. Boundary layer approximation is employed during mathematical derivation. Based on a new constitutive relation, the governing equations are formulated and are reduced into a coupled non-linear system of equations using appropriate transformations. Further, these equations are solved numerically using fourth-order Runge–Kutta method with shooting technique. The impact of involved parameters is discussed and analysed graphically. Outcomes disclose that Newtonian liquid shows high heat transfer when compared to non-Newtonian (Maxwell) liquid for increased values of Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters. Increased values of Peclet number declines the rate of gyrotactic microorganisms. Finally, an increase in Brownian and thermophoresis motion parameters declines the rate of heat transfer.

Magnetooptics of magnetic-dipole transitions in the rare-earth paramagnetic garnets

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. V. Valiev ◽  
J. B. Gruber ◽  
G. W. Burdick ◽  
V. O. Pelenovich ◽  
M. E. Malysheva
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Magnetic Dipole Transitions ◽  
The Rare Earth
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