Reparametrization and/or Determination of Hammett, Inductive, Mesomeric and AISE Substituent Constants for Five Substituents: N+(CH3)3, CH2N+(CH3)3, CH2Py+, CH2SO2CH3 and PO(OCH3)2

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2239-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Pícha ◽  
Radek Cibulka ◽  
František Liška ◽  
Patrik Pařík ◽  
Oldřich Pytela
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Benzoic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Substituent Constants ◽  
Substituted Benzoic Acids

Ten meta- and para-substituted benzoic acids with substituents N+(CH3)3, CH2N+(CH3)3, CH2Py+, CH2SO2CH3 and PO(OCH3)2 were synthesized. Dissociation constants of these acids were determined in five solvents (water, ethanol, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) at 25 °C. Dissociation constants of benzoic acid derivatives with other substituents H, CH3, NHCOCH3, OCH3, F, Cl, Br, I, COCH3, CN, NO2, SO2CH3 were taken from the literature (calibration set). Substituent constants σm, σp, σI, σR, and σi for substituents N+(CH3)3, CH2N+(CH3)3, CH2Py+, CH2SO2CH3, and PO(OCH3)2 were calculated by nonlinear and PLS (partial least-square method with latent variables) calibration in three correlation models using the calibration set. Nonlinear regression appears more suitable and more universal than PLS calibration. The advantage of nonlinear regression is its independence on possibly missing data in the given solvent, evaluation of precision (standard deviation), the accessibility of necessary software, and easy calculation. However, in contrast to PLS calibration, this procedure fails in calculation of substituent constants with description of properties of substituents (substituent constants σI, σR). The obtained values of substituent constants are in good agreement with those published in the literature.

scholarly journals Evaluating and Analyzing of Robotic Arm as Learning Media Based on Partial Least Square Method

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 672-679
Author(s):  
I Gusti Putu Asto Buditjahjanto ◽  
Pramudya Ardi ◽  
Munoto Munoto ◽  
Muchlas Samani
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Private University ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Psychomotor Skill

This research describes the use of a robotic arm on robot transporter as a learning media. Robot Transporter is a type of robot that can move and is equipped with a robotic arm. This robot is used to learn about the robotic arm concept which consists of the concept of arm and grip on the robot and the servo motor concept. The robotic arm concept is part of the electromechanical course at a private university in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyse the relationship of the latent variables of assembling, operating and evaluating with the latent variable of psychomotor skill on the arm robotic concept. The Partial Least Square path analysis method is used to analyse and predict theoretical models of robotic arm concepts. The research results show that the latent variables of assembling, operating and evaluating have a positive influence on the psychomotor skill aspect.

Chemometric Analysis of Substituent Effects. VI. A Study of ortho Effect in Dissociation of 2,6-Disubstituted Benzoic Acids

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Kulhánek ◽  
Oldřich Pytela
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Hammett Equation ◽  
Substituent Constants ◽  
Substituted Benzoic Acids

Ten 2,6-disubstituted benzoic acids have been synthesized containing all possible combinations of the following substituents: CH3, OCH3, Cl, and NO2. The dissociation constants of these acids have been measured by potentiometric titration in methanol, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, pyridine, and 1,2-dichloroethane. The experimental data obtained together with the pK values of 2-substituted benzoic acids in the same solvents have been analyzed from the point of view of ortho effect and additivity of disubstitution. The mutual interaction between substituents was found to represent only 0.12% of the variability due to substitution and to contribute to the overall variability of data less than the interaction between the substituent and solvent by a factor of about 13. The analysis of data by the method of multiple linear regression revealed a contribution of steric effects beside the effects transmitted through the aromatic skeleton. The 2- and 6-substituents effects are additive within the validity of the Hammett equation, and an addition of a multiplicative term describing interactions between the substituents is statistically insignificant. Nonlinear regression has been adopted in the additive model with multiplicative term to find the inner substituent constants including all the effects of substituents from ortho position: the term describing the interaction between 2- and 6-substituents is statistically insignificant in this model. An application of the method of conjugated deviations revealed two statistically significant latent variables. The first one explains 91.5% of the variability of data and is connected with the substituent effects transmitted through the aromatic skeleton. The second one explains 7.5% of variability of data and predominantly reflects the steric effects of substituents.

ANALYSIS THE IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (QMS) AND SAFETY AND HEALTHY AT WORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SHWMS / SMK3) ON THE JOB PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayat ◽  
Indah Kusuma Hayati
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Management System ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Work Management

Recently, the evolvement of globalization era has been the global challenges that cannot be avoided either by private or government sectors, and they are requested to be survived encountering such the condition. The implementation of Quality Management System (QMS) in the operational company is the way how to guarantee the quality of products or services offered to the people. One of the purposes of QMS implementation is to provide a prime satisfaction to the customers. The impact of QMS implementation is expected to increase job performance of the employees. Besides the implementation of Quality Management System (QMS), the impact of global challenges has been increasing the competitive efforts to execute more effective production process. However, it has required manpower protection accordingly. This research aims to find out whether the implementation of quality management system and safety and healthy at work management system have impacted on the job performance of employees. Objects of this research are the employees in the production department at PT Guna Senaputra Sejahtera Plant 1 Bogor. Data analysis technique of this research has applied software Smart PLS (Partial Least Square). PLS has estimated a model of correlation among the latent variables and correlation between latent variables and its indicators. Result of data processing has indicated that the implementation of Quality Management System (QMS) and system of safety and healthy at work have positively and significantly impacted job performance of employees.Keywords : Quality Management System (QMS), Safety and Healthy at Work System ( SHWS / SMK3), and Job Performance of Employees

scholarly journals Green Entrepreneurial Orientation and Green Innovation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Chaiyawit Muangmee ◽  
Zdzisława Dacko-Pikiewicz ◽  
Nusanee Meekaewkunchorn ◽  
Nuttapon Kassakorn ◽  
Bilal Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Automotive Parts

Since environmental issues are becoming an integral part of business performances, policymakers and managers have started recognizing the importance of green innovation towards sustainable business performances. The role of the automotive parts industry is crucial in minimizing environmental degradation and promoting sustainable development. Yet few studies have focused on the connection between green entrepreneurial orientation and green innovation that may affect small and medium enterprise (SME) business performance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of green entrepreneurial orientation on green innovations, and its effects on sustainable business performances in the automotive parts industry in Thailand. The sample consists of 226 SMEs in the automotive parts industry in Thailand. The partial least square method (PLS-SEM) has been used for the analysis of data. The results of the study show that green innovations have the strongest influence on economic and environmental performances. This study contributes to resource-based view theory by incorporating green innovation as a strategic competency of SMEs’ performance. Further, green entrepreneurial orientation and green innovation can assist SME managers in understanding the factors leading to sustainable performance of businesses.

Effects of Medium and Substituents on Dissociationof 4,4'-Disubstituted Bis(benzenesulfon)imides

1996 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ludwig ◽  
Pavel Štverka
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Base Process ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Substituent Constants ◽  
Model Substances ◽  
Strong Acids

Ten 4,4'-disubstituted bis(arenesulfon)imides of the general formula XC6H4SO2NHSO2C6H4X have been synthesized and their structures confirmed by their 1H NMR spectra. Elemental analyses are presented for the compounds not yet described. The dissociation constants of these model substances have been measured potentiometrically in pyridine, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, propylene carbonate, acetone, acetonitrile, 1,2-dichloroethane and tetramethylene sulfone. The pKHA values obtained have been correlated with three sets of the Hammett substituent constants and the results have been used to discuss the solvent and substituent effects on the dissociation of the compounds studied. Sulfonimides with electron-acceptor substituents behave as rather strong acids in some solvents (pyridine, dimethylformamide, methanol and ethanol), whereas normal substituent dependences are found in other solvents. The experimental data have also been interpreted with the help of the statistical methods based on latent variables. From the calculations it follows that only the first principal component, which correlates well with the substituent constant sets adopted, is statistically significant in describing the substituent effect on the acid-base process studied.

scholarly journals Kepemimpinan Spiritual dan Reward Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja Dan Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variabel Intervenin

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Padmayuda Tri Rachmawan ◽  
◽  
Dwi Nita Aryani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Spiritual Leadership ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence spiritual leadership and reward toward employee performance with quality of work life and job satisfaction as mediating variable. The object of research in this study is Pasuruan Regency Transportation Office. Data analysis uses the Partial Least Square method with the software of SmartPLS. Data is collected by distibuting questionnaire to all of 86 staff as the respondents. The results show Spiritual leadership does not affect the employee performance; reward has no effect on employee performance; Spiritual leadership does not affect employee performance mediated by the quality of work life; Reward cannot influence employee performance through the quality of work life as a mediating variable; Spiritual leadership does not have an effect on employee performance which is mediated by quality of work life; the indirect effect between reward on employee performance through mediating job satisfaction is significant; The quality of work life has insignificant effect on employee performance; Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The results give significant implications on practice and literature on the influence of spiritual leadership and reward on performance. This research provides information that can be used as a guideline for the Pasuruan Communication Office to increase employee satisfaction and performance

scholarly journals Analisa Pengaruh Penerapan Manajemen Kualitas Dengan Mbnqa Kriteria Terhadap Kinerja Bisnis Pada Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Sabda Pietra Mukti Sutikno ◽  
Febriana Wurjaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Customer Focus ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Business Results

Today, high population growth coupled with the needs of the product or service quality healthcare. One practice in improving quality is through the implementation of Total Quality Management or TQM. One of the efforts in the implementation of TQM can be done with criteria MBNQA consisting of leadership, strategic planning, customer focus, pekuruan, analysis, and knowledge management, workforce focus, process management, and business results. RSI Jemursari Surabaya as one of the hospitals of foundation hospitals islam Islam Surabaya (Yarsis) has implemented MBNQA in its business operations. This study examines the relationship between TQM implementation through MBNQA on business performance criteria of Islamic Hospital Jemursari. Data were analyzed using path analysis using Partial Least Square method with the help of software SmartPLS. From the research results obtained by the t-statistic for the criteria of customer focus 6.153 ; management process by 5.451; 5.168 leadership; strategic planning 4.314; and 2,628 business results. While the measurement, analysis, and knowledge management did not prove significant influence and adversely affect the value of the path coefficient of -0.014 with 0.288 t and the focus of labor is not proved significant with path coefficient value of 0,020 with 0,349 t.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENENTU PERILAKU GURU SMP MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE: STUDI KASUS DI PROVINSI RIAU

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Defrizal Hamka ◽  
Neng Sholihat
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Facility Conditions

The purpose of this research is to investigate factors that influence the intent of behavior using technology in online learning. The study uses structural equation modeling using a partial least square approach to test the hypotheses. Respondents selected using purposive sampling, and the questionnaires were distributed through online surveys and received a response of 96 respondents. Results show that latent variables, performance expectations, business expectations, and facility conditions have a positive and significant relationship with the intent of individual behaviour in the use of technology in online learning. The latent variable "condition facility" is the most influential factor. This research provides an important overview and understanding for policymakers in designing frameworks to pay attention to facility conditions. Further research is suggested in the future covering samples from various provinces in Indonesia. This study adds to the literature primarily on factors affecting behavioral intent to use technology in online learning. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi niat perilaku guru menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini menggunakan pemodelan persamaan struktural dengan menggunakan pendekatan partial least square untuk menguji hipotesis. Berdasarkan purposive sampling, kuesioner disebarkan melalui survei online dan mendapat tanggapan dari 96 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel laten, ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, dan kondisi fasilitas memiliki hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan niat perilaku individu dalam penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran online. Variabel laten “fasilitas kondisi” merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran dan pemahaman penting bagi pembuat kebijakan dalam merancang kerangka kerja untuk memperhatikan kondisi fasilitas. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan di masa depan mencakup sampel dari berbagai provinsi di Indonesia. Studi ini menambah literatur terutama pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi niat perilaku untuk menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajaran online.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI MAHASISWA ATAS KUALITAS PELAYANAN LABORATORIUM BANK MINI STIE KESATUAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KEPUASAN MAHASISWA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ariffin ◽  
Suharmiati Suharmiati ◽  
Andi Yudha Amwilla
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Partial Least Square Method

The Purpose of  this research is to measure the influence of the service quality of Laboratorium Bank Mini on student’s satisfaction. This research was conducted in STIE Kesatuan Bogor with 100 respondents. Data were analyzed using partial least square method. The results showed that the Physical Evidence, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy has a significant and positive influence on the student satisfaction of Laboratorium Bank Mini STIE Kesatuan.   Keywords: Service Quality, Student Satisfaction, Laboratorium Bank Mini.

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