Study of Self Oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky Systems Under the Perturbation of External EMF

1997 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1863-1870
Author(s):  
Venkatanarayanan Jayalakshmi ◽  
Natesan Balasubramanian ◽  
Renganathan Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Malonic Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate ◽  
First Time

An examination of the current and potential oscillations in the self oscillatory Belousov-Zhabotinsky system under the application of external EMF is presented for the first time. The system involves Mn(II) as the metal ion catalyst and malic acid/citric acid/malonic acid as the substrate. External EMF shifts the oscillatory profile to the higher potential range by the magnitude of applied EMF. The amplitude of current oscillations increases with the magnitude of external EMF. The behaviour of the system with and without a complexing agent (tetrasodium pyrophosphate) is rationalised in terms of individual steps involved in the overall reaction.

Sol Freeze Dry Nd:YAG Nanopowder Synthesis and Sinterability Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Rekha Mann ◽  
Kiranmala Laishram ◽  
Sheikh Ashfaq Ahmed ◽  
Khavangkhui Zimik ◽  
Neelam Malhan
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Phase Pure ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nanopowder Synthesis

<p>Citrate nitrate sol freeze dry synthesis of 2 atomic % neodymium ion doped Yttrium Aluminium Oxide (Nd:YAG) nanopowders was explored for the first time. Sol was prepared by dissolving nitrates of Al3+, Y3+ and Nd3+ keeping molar ratio to be 5: 2.94: 0.06. Total metal ion to citric acid ratio was optimised at 1 is to 0.25. Sol was freeze dried at -80 °C for 48 h. Dried mass thus obtained was calcined at 1000 °C for 2 h to give phase pure Nd:YAG as characterised by FTIR and XRD. Particles were in the size range of 35 nm - 50 nm with close to spherical morphology as observed by TEM. Nanopowder was compacted and sintered at 1700 °C for 5 h under 10-6 mbar followed by hot isostatic press at 1750 °C for 4 h under 200 MPa, to give 71 per cent transmission at 1064 nm indicating synthesis of well sinterable Nd:YAG nanopowders.</p>

scholarly journals Adaptability of Ultrasonic Lamb Wave Touchscreen to the Variations in Touch Force and Touch Area

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1736
Author(s):  
Zengchong Yang ◽  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Ren Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
The Self ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Localization Model ◽  
Reference Databases ◽  
First Time

Previous studies on Lamb wave touchscreen (LWT) were carried out based on the assumption that the unknown touch had the consistent parameters with acoustic fingerprints in the reference database. The adaptability of LWT to the variations in touch force and touch area was investigated in this study for the first time. The automatic collection of the databases of acoustic fingerprints was realized with an experimental prototype of LWT employing three pairs of transmitter–receivers. The self-adaptive updated weight coefficient of the used transmitter–receiver pairs was employed to successfully improve the accuracy of the localization model established based on a learning method. The performance of the improved method in locating single- and two-touch actions with the reference database of different parameters was carefully evaluated. The robustness of the LWT to the variation of the touch force varied with the touch area. Moreover, it was feasible to locate touch actions of large area with reference databases of small touch areas as long as the unknown touch and the reference databases met the condition of equivalent averaged stress.

scholarly journals Kaolin based protective barrier in municipal landfills against adverse chemo-mechanical loadings

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Das ◽  
Tadikonda Venkata Bharat
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
High Ionic Strength ◽  
The Self ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Layered System ◽  
Geosynthetic Clay Liners ◽  
Clay Liners ◽  
Landfill Liner ◽  
First Time ◽  
Applied Stresses

AbstractIn this work, we assess the self-sealing and swelling ability of the compacted granular bentonite (GB) under an inorganic salt environment and induced overburden stresses from the landfill waste. The laboratory permeation tests with high ionic strength salt solutions reveal that the GB fails to seal and exhibits a significant mechanical collapse under different applied stresses. The applicability of GB in the form of geosynthetic clay liners as the bottom liner facilities in landfills that produce high ionic strength salt leachates, therefore, remains a serious concern. We propose an additional barrier system based on kaolin, for the first time, to address this problem. The proposed kaolin-GB layered system performs satisfactorily in terms of its sealing and swelling ability even in adverse saline conditions and low overburden stresses. The kaolin improves the osmotic efficiency of the self and also helps the underlying GB layer to seal the inter-granular voids. The estimated design parameters by through-diffusion test suggest that the kaolin-GB layered system effectively attenuates the permeant flux and suitable as a landfill liner.

A dissipative particle dynamics simulation study on phase diagrams for the self-assembly of amphiphilic hyperbranched multiarm copolymers in various solvents

Soft Matter ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (36) ◽  
pp. 6178-6188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haina Tan ◽  
Chunyang Yu ◽  
Zhongyuan Lu ◽  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Deyue Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Dissipative Particle Dynamics ◽  
Particle Dynamics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation

This work discloses for the first time the self-assembly phase diagrams of amphiphilic hyperbranched multiarm copolymers in various solvents by dissipative particle dynamics simulations.

Effect of pH, Acidulant, Time, and Temperature on the Growth and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENT M. SORRELLS ◽  
DAVIN C. ENIGL ◽  
JOHN R. HATFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Ph Values

The effect of different acids, pH, incubation time, and incubation temperature on the growth and survival of four strains of Listeria monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth was compared. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (AA), lactic acid (LA), malic acid (MA), and citric acid (CA) were used to acidify tryptic soy broth to pH values 4.4, 4.6, 4.8, 5.0, and 5.2 pH. Incubation times were 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 d at 10, 25, and 35°C. The inhibition of L. monocytogenes in the presence of high acidity appears to be a function of acid and incubation temperature. Based on equal pH values, the antimicrobial activity is AA &gt; LA &gt; CA ≥ MA &gt; HCl at all incubation times and temperatures. When based on equal molar concentration, the activity appeared to be CA ≥ MA &gt; LA ≥ AA &gt; HCl at 35 and 25°C, and MA &gt; CA &gt; AA ≥ LA &gt; HCl at 10°C. Greatest antimicrobial activity occurred at 35°C. Greatest survival occurred at 10°C and greatest growth occurred at 25°C. Final pH of the medium was as low as 3.8 in HCl at 28 d. All strains grew well at pH values lower than the minimum previously reported (5.5–5.6).

scholarly journals Nitrogen-phosphate Fertilizers Based on Activation of Phosphorite Powder with Partially Ammoniated Mix of Phosphoric and Sulphuric Acids

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. A. Rasulov ◽  
Sh. S. Namazov ◽  
B. E. Sultonov
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Phosphoric Acids

In this article obtaining complex nitrogen-phosphate fertilizers based on activation of phosphorite powder with partially ammoniated mix of phosphoric and sulphuric acids have been studied. In order to reduce the foaming of the process, for the first time a partially ammoniated mix of acids was used. The optimal technological parameters for activation phosphorite powder with partially neutralized mixes of sulphuric and phosphoric acids are the followings: the mix of sulphuric and phosphoric acids with a ratio of SО3:Р2О5 = 1.2; рН of acids – 2.5; weight ratio of ammonium sulphate-phosphate slurry towards phosphorite powder is 100 : 20; temperature is 60°С; duration is 30 min.  The composition nitrogen-phosphate fertilizers obtained in optimal condition contains (wt., %): N – 11.55; Р2О5total -24.61; Р2О5acceptable by citric acid -21.66; Р2О5 acceptable by EDTA -20.24; Р2О5water-soluble  -13.02; CaOtotal -13.59; СаОacceptable by citric acid -11.43. In that condition, granulated products of nitrogen-phosphate can be produced with high strength. The advantage of offered promising technology concludes in reduction two times expenditure of the most expensive ammonia in comparison with ammonium sulphate production and an increase in gross domestic product.

scholarly journals REBUSAN RIMPANG ALANG-ALANG (IMPERATA CYLINDRICAL L) MEMBERIKAN EFEK DIURETIK PADA MENCIT (MUS MUSCULUS) DI MENIT KE 90

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
D. Elysa Putri Mambang
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Malic Acid

Obat tradisional yang digunakan sebagai diuretik salah satunya adalah tumbuhan alang-alang(Imperata cylindrical L) dan yang digunakan adalah rimpangnya. Rimpang alang-alang mengandungmanitol, glukosa, sakarosa, malic acid, citric acid, coixol, arundoin, cylindrene, cylindol A, graminoneB, imperanene, stigmasterol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, fernenol, arborinone, arborinol, isoarborinol,simiarenol, anemonin dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek diuretik dari rebusanrimpang alang-alang yang diberikan secara oral pada mencit sebagai hewan percobaan. Rebusan padapenelitian ini adalah sediaaan cair yang dibuat secara merebus rimpang alang-alang dengan air padasuhu 90˚C selama 30 menit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dimana hewan ujiyang digunakan adalah 18 ekor mencit, yang terbagi dalam 6 kelompok masing-masing kelompokterdiri dari 3 ekor mencit. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol (tidak diberikan apa-apa), kelompok 2diberikan aquadest kelompok 3 diberikan rebusan rimpang alang-alang konsentrasi 30%, kelompok 4diberikan rebusan rimpang alang-alang konsentrasi 40%, kelompok 5 diberikan rebusan rimpangalang-alang konsentrasi 30% dan kelompok 6 diberikan suspensi furosemida. Mencit kelompok 1, 2,3, 4, 5 dan 6 diteliti selama 4 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rebusan rimpang alang-alangkonsentrasi 30%, 40% dan 50% menghasilkan efek diuretik pada menit ke 90. Sedangkan suspensifurosemida memberikan efek diuretik pada menit ke 60. Suspensi furosemida lebih cepat memberikanefek diuretik dari pada rebusan rimpang alang-alang

scholarly journals SSL-Unet: A Self-Supervised Learning Strategy Base on U-Net for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Vessel Segmentation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Supervised Training ◽  
Vascular Segmentation ◽  
Retinal Vessel Segmentation ◽  
Retinal Segmentation ◽  
First Time

We propose a SSL-Unet model for retinal vascular segmentation as well as two self-supervised training strategies. The strategy can help the self-supervised module to learn pseudo labels for improving the segmentation performance. Moreover, the fusion of both self-supervised and supervised paradigms is applied to retinal segmentation for the first time. Meanwhile, it can also be extended to any segmentation network.

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