Preparation of Some N-Substituted 3-Amino-5-cyano-2-pyrazinecarboxamides

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2562-2564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Doležal ◽  
Jiří Hartl ◽  
Miloš Macháček
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
Antimycotic Activity ◽  
Trichosporon Beigelii

During the course of a search for new antimycotic agents a series of 3-amino-5-cyano-2-pyrazinecarboxamides I - XI have been synthesized. The prepared compounds were tested for their antimycotic activity. The MIC of these in the form of dimethyl sulfoxide solutions was measured against Candida albicans ATCC 44859, Candida tropicalis 156, Candida krusei E28, Candida glabrata 20/I, Trichosporon beigelii 1188, Trichophyton mentagrophytes 445, Aspergillus fumigatus 231, and Absidia corymbifera 272. None of the compounds studied was particularly effective.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and in Vitro Antifungal Effect of Some Butyltin(IV) N-substituted 2-aminoethanethiolates

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Smicka ◽  
V. Buchta ◽  
K. Handlir
Keyword(s):  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Trichosporon Beigelii

Six new N-substituted di- and tributyltin 2-aminoethanethiolates (cysteaminates) have been prepared and characterised by H1, C13 and S119n NMR spectroscopy. All these compounds exhibit a good in vitro antifungal effect against selected types of human pathogenic fungi (Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon beigelii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes) and their activity is comparable with that of some antifungal drugs commonly used in the clinical use like ketoconazole. The structure-activity relationships in these compounds are discussed.

scholarly journals Aspectos micológicos e suscetibilidade in vitro de leveduras do gênero Candida em pacientes HIV-positivos provenientes do Estado de Mato Grosso

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Cometti Favalessa ◽  
Marilena dos Anjos Martins ◽  
Rosane Christine Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Candida Sp

INTRODUÇÃO: A candidíase é uma das infecções fúngicas mais frequentes entre os pacientes infectados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana. O presente estudo objetivou a caracterização das leveduras do gênero Candida de distintas amostras clínicas, provenientes de pacientes HIV - positivos, assim como a determinação do perfil de suscetibilidade in vitro a cinco drogas antifúngicas. MÉTODOS: A caracterização dos isolados de Candida sp foi realizada através da metodologia clássica, testes bioquímicos (zimograma e auxanograma) e morfológicos (prova do tubo germinativo e microcultivo em lâmina). Também, foram realizadas a técnica genotípica (PCR) e identificação pelo método comercial API 20C AUX (BioMeriéux). Para a determinação do perfil de suscetibilidade in vitro, foram utilizadas cinco drogas antifúngicas (cetoconazol, fluconazol, itraconazol, voriconazol e anfotericina B), através do método comercialmente disponível - Etest. RESULTADOS: Foram identificados 105 isolados de leveduras do gênero Candida provenientes de 102 pacientes infectados pelo vírus HIV. Destes, foram caracterizadas 82 (78,1%) Candida albicans, 8 (7,6%) Candida parapsilosis, 8 (7,6%) Candida tropicalis, 4 (3,8%) Candida krusei, 2 (1,9%) Candida glabrata e 1 (1%) Candida guilliermondii. CONCLUSÕES: Considerando o perfil geral de sensibilidade, 60% dos isolados foram suscetíveis a todos os antifúngicos testados, porém as espécies C. tropicalis e C. krusei demonstraram uma tendência a valores mais elevados de CIMs para os azóis do que os encontrados paraC. albicans, sugerindo resistência.

Comparative evaluation of six chromogenic media for presumptive yeast identification

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1074-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vecchione ◽  
Walter Florio ◽  
Francesco Celandroni ◽  
Simona Barnini ◽  
Antonella Lupetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Yeast Identification ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Candida Lusitaniae ◽  
Reference Strains

AimsThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the discrimination ability of six chromogenic media in presumptive yeast identification.MethodsWe analysed 108 clinical isolates and reference strains belonging to eight different species: Candida albicans,Candida dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis,Candida lusitaniae and Trichosporon mucoides.ResultsC. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. krusei could be distinguished from one another in all the tested chromogenic media, as predicted by the manufacturers. In addition, C. albicans could be distinguished from C. dubliniensis on BBL CHROMagar Candida, Kima CHROMagar Candida and Brilliance Candida, and C. parapsilosis could be identified on CHROMATIC Candida agar, CHROMOGENIC Candida agar, and Brilliance Candida agar.ConclusionsBrilliance Candida provided the widest discrimination ability, being able to discriminate five out of the seven Candida species tested. Interestingly, C. tropicalis and C. krusei could be already distinguished from each other after 24 hours of incubation.

scholarly journals Atividade antifúngica de Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf frente à leveduras do gênero Candida sp.

Revista Fitos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Luiz Francisley de Paiva ◽  
Sabrina de Alvarenga Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Candida Dubliniensis ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Candida Sp

Candida sp. é um gênero de levedura que faz parte da microbiota do corpo humano e de animais. É considerado o principal grupo de fungos patógenos oportunistas. O uso de plantas medicinais é empregado cada vez mais nas diversas áreas. A planta Cymbopogon citratus (DC). Stapf é popularmente conhecida no Brasil por Capim-cheiroso, Capim-cidreira, Capim-santo, Capim-limão, Capim-cidró, Capim-cidrão. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antifúngica do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus frente a leveduras do gênero Candida sp.. O óleo essencial foi obtido por hidrodestilação das folhas pelo método do arraste a vapor. A atividade antifúngica foi verificada pelas técnicas de disco-difusão, concentração inibitória mínima e concentração letal mínima. Foram utilizadas as cepas padrão ATCC de Candida albicans, Candida dubliniensis, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida Krusei, Candida parapsilosis e Candida utilis. O óleo essencial apresentou atividade antifúngica frente a todas as espécies. A faixa de inibição varia de 0,281 µg/mL a 1,125 µg/mL e concentração letal varia de 0,562 µg/mL a 1,125 µg/mL. Esses achados contribuem para um futuro emprego da planta C. citratus como fitoterápico em tratamento preventivo ou alternativo contra infecções fúngicas.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of a New Polyene, SPA-S-843, against Yeasts

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 3012-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rimaroli ◽  
T. Bruzzese
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of a new water-soluble polyene, SPA-S-843, was evaluated against 116 strains of Candida,Cryptococcus, and Saccharomyces spp. and compared with that of amphotericin B. SPA-S-843 demonstrated better inhibitory activity against all of the yeasts examined and better fungicidal activity against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis than did amphotericin B.

Candida Species

2012 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Shimon Kusne ◽  
Ann E. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Daughter Cell ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Cell Identification

Candida are oval yeast that are 4 to 6 μ‎m in diameter. They reproduce by budding, usually producing pseudohyphae (budding yeast without full detachment of daughter cell). Identification is usually based on morphology and sugar assimilation. Of the species that are human pathogens the most common (over 60% of cases) is Candida albicans. Others include Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida kefyr (formerly Candida pseudotropicalis), Candida krusei, Candida lusitaniae, and Candida guilliermondii. Disease manifestations and treatment are reviewed.

scholarly journals Amphotericin B- and Fluconazole-ResistantCandida spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, and Other Newly Emerging Pathogenic Fungi Are Susceptible to Basic Antifungal Peptides

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 702-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva J. Helmerhorst ◽  
Ingrid M. Reijnders ◽  
Wim van ’t Hof ◽  
Ina Simoons-Smit ◽  
Enno C. I. Veerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Histatin 5 ◽  
Antifungal Peptides ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant

ABSTRACT The present study shows that a number of basic antifungal peptides, including human salivary histatin 5, a designed histatin analog designated dhvar4, and a peptide from frog skin, PGLa, are active against amphotericin B-resistant Candida albicans,Candida krusei, and Aspergillus fumigatusstrains and against a fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate.

scholarly journals RELIABILITY OF QUANTIFICATION OF CANDIDA SPECIES COLONIES USING ALTERNATIVE PLATING METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Raquel De Annunzio ◽  
Filipe Silveira Fusco ◽  
Carolina Santezi Santezi ◽  
Bárbara Donadon Reina ◽  
Lívia Nordi Dovigo
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Drop Plate

Objective: to evaluate the concordance of different plating methods for quantification of Candida species colonies. Method: standardized suspensions of reference strains (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei) were submitted to serial dilution and plating according to methods of track-dilution (TDM), drop plate (DPM) and the conventional spread plate (SPM). Data were submitted to construction of Bland–Altman diagrams, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and ANOVA (⍺=5%). Results: adequate concordance between the methods (CCI >0.71) was observed, and the execution of DPM was the fastest (p<0.001). However, DPM and TDM appear to result in greater values compared to SPM, especially for C. tropicalis and C. krusei. Conclusion: C. albicans and C. glabrata can be plated with DPM and TDM, but the use of these methods for C. krusei and C. tropicalis may result in count variation.

Một số đặc điểm dịch tễ học viêm sinh dục do nấm Candida ở phụ nữ độ tuổi sinh đẻ tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 năm 2019-2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Đỗ Thị Thùy Dung ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Vân ◽  
Đào Nguyên Hùng ◽  
Đào Thế Anh ◽  
Đỗ Ngọc Ánh
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Krusei

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu mô tả một số đặc điểm dịch tễ học viêm sinh dục do nấm Candida ở phụ nữ tuổi sinh đẻ tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 năm 2019-2020. Nghiên cứu mô tả có phân tích được thực hiện trên 500 bệnh nhân đến khám và điều trị viêm sinh dục tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103 từ 10/2019 đến 9/2020. Các bệnh nhân được thu thập thông tin và lấy mẫu bệnh phẩm dịch sinh dục để xét nghiệm chẩn đoán nhiễm nấm dựa vào kết quả soi tươi và nuôi cấy trên môi trường thạch ChromagarTM Candida có kháng sinh. Kết quả cho thấy, tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm Candida ở nữ bệnh nhân viêm sinh dục độ tuổi sinh đẻ là 52,2%. Tỷ lệ nhiễm cao hơn ở các nhóm tuổi dưới 30, đang mang thai, sử dụng dụng cụ tử cung và sử dụng bao cao su khi quan hệ tình dục. Sự thay đổi số lượng, mùi, tính chất khí hư và ngứa âm đạo là các triệu chứng gặp phổ biến nhất. Bốn loài nấm Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis và Candida krusei chiếm trên 75% các trường hợp viêm âm đạo do nấm Candida. Trong đó, nhiễm nấm C. albicans chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (57,1%), tiếp đến là nhiễm nấm C. glabrata (17,6%).

scholarly journals Antifungal Resistance Pattern of Candida Species Isolated from High Vaginal Swabs of Women Attending a Hospital in Enugu State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Joachim Ohiakwu Ezeadila ◽  
Ikechukwu Okoli ◽  
Christie Amaechi Oyeka
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Antifungal Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern

There is an increase in non-albicans Candida (NAC) vulvovaginal candidiasis which is attributed to overuse of antifungal therapy and this has led to antifungal resistance. This study was aimed at determining the antifungal resistance pattern of some clinical isolates of Candida species. Eighty-eight (88) isolates were used which included Candida tropicalis (34), Candida Parapsilosis (21), Candida albicans (20), Candida krusei (7) and Candida glabrata (6). The drugs used were Fluconazole (25µg), Ketoconazole (10µg), Voriconazole (1µg), Nystatin (100Units), Amphotericin B (20µg), Flucytosine (1µg), Clotrimazole (10µg) and Itraconazole (50µg). The susceptibility testing was carried out using the M44-A standard method for yeast disk diffusion testing. Results showed that the percentages of Candida species resistant to Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Voriconazole, Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, Clotrimazole and Itraconazole and Nystatin were 52.3%, 61.9%, 35.2%, 19.3%, 86.4%, 34.1%,  45.5% and 44.3%,  with inhibition zone diameters ≤14mm, ≤20mm, ≤13mm, <10mm, ≤11mm, ≤11mm, ≤13mm and no inhibition zone diameter respectively. Candida krusei was the most resistant species with 100% resistance to each of Fluconazole, Ketoconazole and Flucytosine. Candida tropicalis was the species with the highest susceptibility (79.4%) to Amphotericin B followed by Candida parapsilosis with inhibition zone diameters ≥15mm. While Candida glabrata showed 100% resistance to each of Flucytosine and Itraconazole, Candida albicans showed 100% resistance to Flucytosine only. Candida glabrata was the only Candida species with 0% resistance to Amphotericin B. The drug to which most of the Candida species were susceptible was Amphotericin B followed by Voriconazole while Flucytosine was the drug with the highest resistance followed by Ketoconazole and Fluconazole. The highest number of susceptible-dose dependent Candida isolates was observed with Ketoconazole (25%), followed by Clotrimazole and Itraconazole, each recording 23.9%. Based on the findings of the present study, Voriconazole is recommended for vaginal candidiasis especially in the study area and also especially for infections caused by Fluconazole-resistant Candida species. This suggests that routine sensitivity testing is pertinent to guiding the choice of antifungal therapy. Thus, indiscriminate use of antifungal drugs should be avoided to reduce the development and spread of resistance.

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