A Study of the Use of Solubility Isotherms to Obtain Information about Ion Hydration and Ion Pairing in Concentrated Solutions of Electrolytes

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Eysseltová
Keyword(s):  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Ion Hydration ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes ◽  
Common Ion ◽  
Solubility Isotherms

Computational analysis of solubility isotherms in ternary systems consisting of water and two solutes having a common ion was suggested and the respective software was developed. This hydration analysis was applied to model systems NH4CNS - NaCNS - H2O at 5, 25 and 50 °C and NaX - KX - H2O (X = Cl, Br, I) at 25 °C. The results obtained are discussed and the way in which the hydration analysis gives information on ionic processes in saturated electrolyte solutions is demonstrated.

A Contribution to the Study of Ternary Saturated Electrolyte Solutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 485-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eysseltová ◽  
M. Ebert
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Common Ion ◽  
Solubility Isotherms

A quantity has been introduced, whose dependence on the composition along the branches of the solubility isotherms of ternary systems consisting of two salts with a common ion and water exhibits breaks, which can be explained by the introduction of a previously unobserved configuration of the ternary saturated solution. In the respective region, a saturated solution in a ternary system may undergo second-order phase transitions to achieve specific configurations that are not derived from the structure of the binary saturated solution of the particular solute. It is assumed that further study of this phenomenon could contribute to a better understanding of the processes occurring in concentrated electrolyte solutions.

Ion Hydration and Ion Pairing as Probed by THz Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 3000-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Schwaab ◽  
Federico Sebastiani ◽  
Martina Havenith
Keyword(s):  
Ion Pairing ◽  
Thz Spectroscopy ◽  
Ion Hydration

scholarly journals Gel Formation in Low Concentrated Solutions of Glycyram and Amino Acids in the Presence of Silver Nitrate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Gel Formation ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Low Concentrations

Abstract. Research relevance: low molecular weight supramolecular hydrogels are unique objects that can solve many pressing problems in medicine, food industry and other sectors of the national economy. Research objectives: in recent past, it was discovered that low-concentration solutions of L-cysteine and silver nitrate (CSN) can form, when electrolyte solutions are added to hydrogels. We were faced with the task of obtaining hydrogels from dilute solutions of glycyram (GC) by adding CSN, since GC, due to its poor solubility, has low bioavailability. Materials and research methods: using the method of isomolar series, a comparative study of the formation of hydrogels by dilute GC solutions with the addition of CSN and GCP was carried out. It has been found that most durable hydrogels were obtained using CSN. Thus, GC hydrogels were obtained at a concentration of 10−3 M after adding CSN and GCP, which have a supramolecular character and combine the properties of GC, amino acids, and silver ions. Research results: glycyram hydrogels were obtained at its concentration equal to 10−3 M by mixing it with silver amino acids L-cysteine (CSN) and L-glutamic acid (GCP) solutions in same low concentrations. Conclusions: hydrogels with glycyram form silver solutions of those amino acids that are capable of giving frame structures at a ratio of amino acid: silver nitrate of 1.25.

State of the Tb(III) and Nd(III) ions in concentrated solutions of electrolytes of various types

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Khripun ◽  
A. Yu. Efimov ◽  
K. Yu. Chervonenko
Keyword(s):  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes

scholarly journals Ion solvation in aqueous–organic mixtures

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Hefter
Keyword(s):  
Direct Methods ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ion Solvation ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Ion Transfer ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Organic Mixtures ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Donor Acceptor

The importance of ion solvation in determining the properties of electrolyte solutions in aqueous–organic solvent mixtures is discussed. Solubility measurements are shown to be particularly useful for determining the Gibbs energies of transfer of ions between solvents, which reflect differences in the overall solvation of the ions in different solvent mixtures. Solubility measurements can also be used to determine the other thermodynamic parameters of transfer, but such quantities are usually better obtained by more direct methods. The inadequacy of current theories of ion solvation to quantitatively account for the thermodynamics of ion transfer is discussed by reference to measurements on some simple model systems. Although donor/acceptor interactions can explain many of the observed effects between pure solvents, the situation is more complex in aqueous–organic mixtures because selective solvation and even solvent–solvent interactions may become significant. This is illustrated by consideration of ion transfer from water to water + t-butanol solutions, where spectacular effects are observed in the enthalpies and entropies and especially in the heat capacities and volumes.

scholarly journals IX.—On the Relationship between Concentration and Electrolytic Conductivity in Concentrated Aqueous Solutions

1906 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
General Relationship ◽  
Electrolytic Conductivity ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Concentrated Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
The Relationship

Although great advances have been made during the last thirty years in our knowledge of dilute solutions, there has been no corresponding advance in respect of concentrated solutions. This is primarily due to the fact that hitherto no simple and general relationship has been discovered between the conductivity and the concentration of concentrated solutions of electrolytes. Ostwald's law of dilution holds only for dilute solutions of weak electrolytes, and the formulæ of Rudolphi and Van T'Hoff are applicable only to dilute solutions of good electrolytes. It seems therefore important to inquire whether the difficulty may not be to some extent overcome by an alteration in the mode of representing the facts.

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