Oxidation of Ethanol on Sn-Mo Oxide Catalysts

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445
Author(s):  
Magdy A. Wassel ◽  
Nalla K. Allahaverdova ◽  
Tofki G. Alkhazov
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Pulse Method ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Mo Catalyst ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Aqueous Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Primary Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Of Ethanol

To determine the acidic and basic properties of the title catalysts, the adsorption of NH3 and SO2 was compared using pulse method. It was found that this characteristics undergoes changes when the Sn-Mo catalyst is treated with aqueous potassium hydroxide solutions of different concentrations. The catalyst treated with the more concentrated KOH solution possesses mainly properties of a base. When studying the oxidation of ethanol it has been found that the αCO2/αaldehyde conversion ratio increases with the time of contact of the mixture with the catalyst while the αCO2/α acid ratio is not affected. The study of two alcohols deuterated either in OH group (C2H5OD) or in the alkyl group ((C2D5OH) has shown that the substitution of C-H for C-D bond enhances the stability of the primary oxidation product, deuterated ethanal, so that it is not transformed further to acetic acid.

The stability of poly(2,2′-(m-phenylene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) membranes in aqueous potassium hydroxide

2015 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Aili ◽  
Katja Jankova ◽  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Niels J. Bjerrum ◽  
Jens Oluf Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Aqueous Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
The Stability

Tricyclic compounds containing two chalcogen atoms in the central seven-membered rings as potential drugs: Synthesis of 3-chloro-6-(1-methyl-4-piperidyl)-6H-dibenz[b,e]-1,4-oxathiepin and 6-oxodibenz[b,e]-1,4-oxathiepin-2-acetic acid

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2531-2540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Šindelář ◽  
Jiří Holubek ◽  
Miroslav Ryska ◽  
Antonín Dlabač ◽  
Martin Valchář ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Hydrogen Bromide ◽  
Secondary Alcohol ◽  
Sodium Hydride ◽  
Dopamine Turnover ◽  
Tricyclic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
By Products ◽  
Brain Striatum

2-(4-hloro-2-fluorophenylthio)benzaldehyde (IIa) was subjected to treatment with 1-methyl-4-piperidylmagnesium chloride and the resulting secondary alcohol IIIa was cyclized with sodium hydride to the title compound Ia. In this synthesis, two by-products were isolated and identified as compounds IV and VIa. Repeating the synthesis of compound Ib by a similar way led to isolation of Vb and VII. Reaction of thiosalicylic acid with (3-iodo-4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid in boiling aqueous potassium hydroxide in the presence of copper gave the methoxy diacid IX which was demethylated with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid to the hydroxy diacid X. Heating with acetic anhydride afforded the title lactone acid VIII. Compound Ia is an almost noncataleptic neuroleptic with a rather low antidopaminergic activity in the test of influencing the dopamine turnover and metabolism in the rat brain striatum. The acid VIII showed some antiinflammatory activity in the test of carrageenan-induced edema of rat's paw.

2-(tert.amino)-11-(4-methylpiperazino)dibenzo[b,f]thiepins and their 10,11-dihydro derivatives; Synthesis and neuroleptic activity

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Kmoníček ◽  
Jiří Holubek ◽  
Emil Svátek ◽  
Jiřina Metyšová ◽  
Miroslav Protiva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Polyphosphoric Acid ◽  
Titanium Tetrachloride ◽  
Aqueous Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Neuroleptic Agent ◽  
Arylacetic Acids ◽  
Neuroleptic Activity ◽  
Central Depressant

Reactions of (2-iodophenyl)acetic acid with 4-(dimethylamino)thiophenol, 4-piperidinothiophenol, and 4-morpholinothiophenol in boiling aqueous potassium hydroxide solutions in the presence of copper gave the arylacetic acids IVabc which were cyclized with polyphosphoric acid at 130 °C to 8-(tert.amino)dibenzo[b,f]thiepin-10(11H)-ones Vabc. The following reactions with 1-methylpiperazine in boiling benzene in the presence of titanium tetrachloride afforded the enamines IIabc. Compounds IIa and IIc were reduced with diborane to the 10,11-dihydro compounds Ia and Ic. Compound Ia (the 8-dimethylamino derivative of perathiepin) is a typical incisive neuroleptic agent with very strong cataleptic, antiapomorphine, central depressant, and antiadrenergic activities. The morpholino derivative Ic and the enamines IIb and IIc are less active.

A new method for the preparation of peroxymonophosphoric acid

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Zhu ◽  
Hou-min Chang ◽  
John F Kadla
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Glacial Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
New Method ◽  
Phosphorous Pentoxide ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Peroxy Acids

A new method for the preparation of peroxymonophosphoric acid (H3PO5) has been developed. It utilizes a biphasic solution to moderate the vigorous reaction between phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). P2O5 is suspended in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), and concentrated H2O2 is slowly added while being vigorously stirred at low temperature. Careful control of the reaction temperature through the slow addition of H2O2 is critical. Using typical preparation conditions (P2O5:H2O2 = 0.5:1, H2O2 70 wt %, 2°C, 120–180 min), ~70% of the H2O2 is effectively converted to H3PO5. Increasing the concentration of H2O2, as well as the mole ratio of P2O5:H2O2, leads to an even higher % conversion of H2O2 to H3PO5. The addition of glacial acetic acid to the P2O5:H2O2 suspension at the end of the 120–180 min reaction (P2O5:H2O2:CH3COOH = 0.5:1:0.3) leads to the formation of peracetic acid in addition to H3PO5, and to an overall increase in the conversion ratio of total peroxy acids based on H2O2 (>95%).Key words: peroxymonophosphoric acid, synthesis, stability, conversion ratio.

scholarly journals Effects of NO2 and acetic acid on the stability of historic paper

Cellulose ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 3701-3713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Menart ◽  
Gerrit de Bruin ◽  
Matija Strlič
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Historic Paper ◽  
The Stability

Studies on the rearrangement of (trichloromethyl)carbinols to α-chloroacetic acids

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilkins Reeve ◽  
James R. McKee ◽  
Robert Brown ◽  
Sitarama Lakshmanan ◽  
Gertrude A. McKee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Chloroacetic Acids ◽  
Aqueous Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

Phenyl(trichloromethyl)carbinol undergoes an unimolecular, predominantly intramolecular conversion into potassium α-chlorophenylacetate on stirring with 10 % aqueous potassium hydroxide at 0 °C for several days. Besides providing an interesting example of a 1–2 chlorine shift, the reaction is of potential importance for the synthesis of α-chloro acids. The study of a variety of (trichloromethyl)carbinols shows the reaction is general for secondary (trichloromethyl)carbinols as well as trichloroethanol. The mechanism of the reaction involves the preliminary formation of an epoxide. Several mechanisms are considered for the conversion of the epoxide to the α-chloroacetate anion, but none accounts for all of the experimental facts. Tertiary carbinols break down at the epoxide stage into a ketone and carbon monoxide.

Temperature Dependence of LiMn2O4 Prepared by a Solution Combustion Synthesis in the System of Acetate Salts and Acetic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 465-468
Author(s):  
Li Li Zhang ◽  
Gui Yang Liu ◽  
Jun Ming Guo ◽  
Bao Sen Wang ◽  
Ying He
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Metal Foil ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Acid Ratio

Spinel LiMn2O4 have been prepared by the solution combustion synthesis method using acetate salts as raw materials and acetic acid as fuel. The phase compositions of the as-prepared products were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performance of the products was tested by using a coin-type half battery versus lithium metal foil as anode material. XRD results suggested that the purities of the products prepared at 500oC are higher than these of the products prepared at 600oC. For the products prepared at 500oC, the purities of the products increase with increasing acetic acid ratios. But for the products prepared at 600oC, the purities of the products decrease with increasing acetic acid ratios. The performance tests indicated that the electrochemical performances of the products prepared at 500oC are better than these of the products prepared at 600oC. The product prepared at 500oC with the acetic acid ratio of 1.0 gets the best performance. The initial capacity of it reaches to 124.8mAh/g at the current density of 75mA/g, and after 50 cycles, the capacity retention is 93.7%.

The stability of acid-soluble chromosomal proteins from avian erythrocytes

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Vidali ◽  
J. M. Neelin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Guanidinium Chloride ◽  
Chromosomal Proteins ◽  
Avian Erythrocytes ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Avian Erythrocyte ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage

The stability of avian erythrocyte histones was examined under the conditions of extraction, chromatography, electrophoresis, and storage, in order to avoid degradation during these operations. Since turbidity in trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was used as a measure of histone integrity, optimal conditions for quantitative assay were established as follows. One volume of histone sample was mixed with five volumes of 1.1 M TCA at room temperature, and the optical density at 400 mμ was measured after 25 min. The relation between turbidity and protein concentration was linear from 0.03 to at least 0.3 mg histone per milliliter and was not related to the kind of histone, except for the lysine-rich fraction which showed slightly less specific turbidity. Under these conditions turbidity was not sensitive to concomitant solutes such as guanidinium chloride, acetic acid, and dilute buffers and acids.With turbidity as the criterion of protein integrity, it was confirmed that brief manipulation in the cold is desirable in most media, including the dilute acids used for extraction. Nevertheless, chromatography at room temperature in concentrated solutions of guanidinium chloride or acetic acid appears to be tolerably safe. The effect of these conditions of manipulation and storage on histone fractions was substantiated by chromatography and starch-gel electrophoresis. Prolonged extraction of avian erythrocyte nuclei at acid pH released additional non-histone basic protein without alteration of authentic histone fractions.

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