Extraction of promethium complex with 4-benzoyl-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one into Freon 113 and its mixtures with benzene

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 2096-2099
Author(s):  
Petr Linhart
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction Constant ◽  
The Stability

A study of the dependence of distribution of Pm(III) between aqueous phase ( perchlorate medium) and Freon 113 (or a Freon 113-benzene mixture 2 : 1) on pH and pA has shown that the complex PmA3 is extracted into the organic phase with the extraction constant log Kex = -4.35. The stability constant βn of the complex PmA3 has been calculated by the Leden method.

scholarly journals Stability of the barium-benzo-15-crown-5 complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Makrlík ◽  
P. Vaňura
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Extraction Constant ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nitrobenzene Phase ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
System L ◽  
Exchange Extraction ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

From extraction experiments and ?-activity measurements, the exchange extraction constant corresponding to the equilibrium Ba2+(aq) + SrL2 2+(nb) _ BaL 2 2+(nb) + Sr2+(aq) occurring in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system (L = benzo-15-crown-5; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as log K ex (Ba2+, SrL22+) = 0.3 ? 0.1. Furthermore, the stability constant of the benzo-15-crown-5-barium complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for the temperature of 25 ?C: log ?nb (BaL2 2+) = 13.3?0.1.

scholarly journals Extraction of calcium from water into nitrobenzene using strontium dicarbollylcobaltate in the presence of 18-crown-6

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Marcela Danková ◽  
Emanuel Makrlík ◽  
Petr Vanura
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Extraction Constant ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nitrobenzene Phase ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
System L ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

From extraction experiments and g-activity measurements, the extraction constant corresponding to the equilibrium Ca 2+ (aq)+ SrL 2+ (nb) === CaL 2+ (nb) + Sr 2+ (aq) taking place in the two-phase water-nitrobenzene system(L= 18-crown-6, aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) was evaluated as log Kex(Ca 2+, SrL 2+) = -1.9 ?0.1. Furthermore, the stability constant of the calcium - 18-crown-6 complex in nitrobenzene saturated with water was calculated for the temperature of 25?C: log bnb (CaL 2+)=10.1?0.1.

scholarly journals Conversion of Cellulose Into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) In a H2O/Tetrahydrofuran/Cyclohexane Biphasic System With Al2(SO4)3 As Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Shi ◽  
Yuju Zhu ◽  
Bangzhi Qin ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Film ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Biphasic System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A simple and efficient biphasic system consisting of H2O, tetrahydrofuran (THF), cyclohexane (CHX) and Al2(SO4)3 was employed to convert cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with high yield of 71.2%. The real volumes of organic phase (Vorg) and aqueous phase (Vaque) of the biphasic system at reaction temperature were measured to found out that over 80% of the added H2O was dissolved into the organic phase at reaction temperature, leading to high Vorg/Vaque (over 44/1) and high concentration of Al2(SO4)3 (over 0.34 g/mL) in aqueous phase. The high concentration of Al2(SO4)3 in aqueous phase could efficiently catalyze the conversion of cellulose into HMF, while the high Vorg/Vaque could protect the formed HMF from rehydration, all of which are responsible for the high efficiency of the system on conversion of cellulose into HMF. The addition of CHX into reaction mixture could decrease the solubility of Al2(SO4)3 and H2O in the organic phase, which could improve the stability of HMF in the reaction system, resulting higher yield of HMF from cellulose. Because of the high Vorg/Vaque of the reaction system, one microemulsion-like system and liquid film catalytic model are proposed for the cellulose-to-HMF process.

Extraction of some metals into solutions of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoylpyrazolone-5 in freon 113

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1221-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oldřich Navrátil ◽  
Pavel Linhart
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Extraction Constants ◽  
Distribution Constants ◽  
The Stability

The partition of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoylpyrazolone-5 (HA) between aqueous solutions of HClO4 and NaClO4, ionic strength 0.1, and Freon 113 or its 2 : 1 mixture with benzene was studied. The logarithms of the HA distribution constants are 2.84 ± 0.10 and 3.39 ± 0.15 for the two organic phases, respectively. The extraction curves of cerium(III) and europium(III) revealed that in dependence on the pH of the aqueous phase, the metals are transferred into the organic phase in the form of the MA3 complexes (M = Ce, Eu). The stability constants of the complexes MAn in the aqueous phase were determined along with their distribution and extraction constants. For cobalt, zinc, and hafnium, a part of the extraction curves could only be studied, only the extraction constants were therefore determined. The sparing solubility of HA in Freon 113 can be circumvented by using a Freon-benzene mixture 2 : 1, which is still practically incombustible.

Calix[4]arene-crown-5 as a selective extraction reagents for K+/H+, Rb+/H+ and Rb+/Cs+ separations

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Vaňura ◽  
Emanuel Makrlík ◽  
Pavel Selucký
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constants ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Nitrobenzene Solution ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Extraction Constants ◽  
Exchange Extraction ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
The Stability

Abstract From extraction experiments, the exchange extraction constants corresponding to the general equilibriums M+ (aq) + NaL+ (org) ⇔ ML+ (org) + Na+ (aq) or M+ (aq) + CsL+ (org) ⇔ ML+ (org) + Cs+ (aq), which take place in the two-phase water–nitrobenzene extraction system (M+ = Li+, H3O+, Ag+, K+, NH4 +, Tl+, Rb+; L = calix[4]arene-bis crown5(1,3-alternate), 26,28-dipropoxycalix[4]arene-crown-5(1,3-alternate), 11,23-dibromo-25,28-dipropoxycalix[4]arene-crown-5 (1,3-alternate) and 1,3-alternate-25,27-dihydroxycalix[4]arene-crown-5; aq = aqueous phase, org = organic phase), were evaluated. The stability constants of the NaL+ and CsL+ complexes were calculated from the extraction of the respective picrates in the system of water–nitrobenzene solution of L. Further, the stability constants of the ML+ complexes in nitrobenzene saturated with water were determined. High selectivities were found in some systems under study.

Synthesis and solvatochromic studies of 2- amino-3-phenolazo1-(4-sulfophenyl)-3-methyi-5-pyrozolone and use it for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II) in blood samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4920
Author(s):  
Amar M. Ali ◽  
Hussain. J. Mohammed*
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Trace Amount ◽  
Benzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Normal Human Blood

A new, simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II). The method is based on the formation of a 1:2 complex with 4-(4-((2-hydroxy-6-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) -3-methyl-5-oxo-2, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonic acid (2-ANASP) as a new reagent is developed. The complex has a maximum absorption at 516 nm and εmax of 1. 84 X 105 L. mol-1. cm-1. A linear correlation (0. 25 – 4. 0μg. ml-1) was found between absorbance at λmax and concentration. The accuracy and reproducibility of the determination method for various known amounts of Nickel (II) were tested. The results obtained are both precise (RSD was 1. 2 %) and accurate (relative error was 0. 787 %). The effect of diverse ions on the determination of Nickel (II) to investigate the selectivity of the method were also studied. The stability constant of the product was 0. 399 X 106 L. mol-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of diabetes blood and normal human blood. 

Extraction of hafnium(IV) with organophosphorus reagents from solutions of mineral acids mixtures

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3656-3664
Author(s):  
Oldřich Navrátil ◽  
Jiří Smola ◽  
Rostislav Kolouch
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Synergic Effect ◽  
Salting Out ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Mixed Complexes ◽  
Synergic Extraction ◽  
Mineral Acids

Extraction of hafnium(IV) was studied from solutions of mixtures of perchloric and nitric acids and of perchloric and hydrochloric acids for constant ionic strength, I = 2, 4, 6, or 8, and for cHf 4 . 10-4 mol l-1. The organic phase was constituted by solutions of some acidic or neutral organophosphorus reagents or of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, or N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine in benzene, chloroform, or n-octane. A pronounced synergic extraction of hafnium proceeds only on applying organophosphorus reagents from an aqueous phase whose acidity is not lower than 3M-(HClO4 + HNO3) or 5M-(HClO4 + HCl). The synergic effect was not affected markedly by a variation of the initial concentration of hafnium in the range 1 . 10-8 -4 .10-4 mol l-1, it lowered with increasing initial concentration of the organophosphorus reagent and decreasing concentration of the H+ ions. It is suggested that the hafnium passes into the organic phase in the form of mixed complexes, the salting-out effect of perchloric acid playing an appreciable part.

Extraction of strontium and barium salts by the nitrobenzene solution of dicarbolide in the presence of glymes

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Vaňura ◽  
Emanuel Makrlík
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constants ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Nitrobenzene Solution ◽  
Ligand Structure ◽  
Stability Constants Of Complexes ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
A Minor

Extraction of microamounts of Sr2+ and Ba2+ (henceforth M2+) from the aqueous solutions of perchloric acid (0.0125-1.02 mol/l) by means of the nitrobenzene solutions of dicarbolide (0.004-0.05 mol/l of H+{Co(C2B9H11)2}-) was studied in the presence of monoglyme (only Ba2+), diglyme, triglyme, and tetraglyme (CH3O-(CH2-CH2O)nCH3, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4). The distribution of glyme betweeen the aqueous and organic phases, the extraction of the protonized glyme molecule HL+ together with the extraction of M2+ ion and of the glyme complex with the M2+ ion, i.e., ML2+ (where L is the molecule of glyme), were found to be the dominating reactions in the systems under study. In the systems with tri- and tetraglymes the extraction of H+ and M2+ ions solvated with two glyme molecules, i.e., the formation of HL2+ and ML22+ species, can probably play a minor role. The values of the respective equilibrium constants, of the stability constants of complexes formed in the organic phase, and the theoretical separation factors αBa/Sr were determined. The effect of the ligand structure on the values of extraction and stability constants in the organic phase is discussed.

scholarly journals Engineering motile aqueous phase-separated droplets via liposome stabilisation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaobin Zhang ◽  
Claudia Contini ◽  
James W. Hindley ◽  
Guido Bolognesi ◽  
Yuval Elani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Marangoni Effect ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Emulsion System ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Directional Motion ◽  
The Stability

AbstractThere are increasing efforts to engineer functional compartments that mimic cellular behaviours from the bottom-up. One behaviour that is receiving particular attention is motility, due to its biotechnological potential and ubiquity in living systems. Many existing platforms make use of the Marangoni effect to achieve motion in water/oil (w/o) droplet systems. However, most of these systems are unsuitable for biological applications due to biocompatibility issues caused by the presence of oil phases. Here we report a biocompatible all aqueous (w/w) PEG/dextran Pickering-like emulsion system consisting of liposome-stabilised cell-sized droplets, where the stability can be easily tuned by adjusting liposome composition and concentration. We demonstrate that the compartments are capable of negative chemotaxis: these droplets can respond to a PEG/dextran polymer gradient through directional motion down to the gradient. The biocompatibility, motility and partitioning abilities of this droplet system offers new directions to pursue research in motion-related biological processes.

EUROPIUM OXALATE ION ASSOCIATION IN WATER

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (24) ◽  
pp. 3057-3062 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Stability Constant ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Aqueous Sodium ◽  
Oxalate Ion

The partitioning of radiotracer 152/151Eu between aqueous sodium oxalate (Na2L) solutions and toluene solutions of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) has been studied as a function of the oxalate concentration. The pH of the aqueous phase was controlled by means of sodium acetate – acetic acid mixtures and the ionic strength (I) by NaCl or NaClO4.At low ionic strengths (~0.05) and [L] ~10−4 M EuL+ formed, but at I = 0.95 and [L] ~10−3 M EuL2− also formed. Stability constants for the 1:1 and 1:2 (metal:ligand) complexes are reported.The magnitudes of the stepwise stability constant ratios are discussed.

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