Synthesis of potential prodrugs and metabolites of 9-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2792-2800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Rosenberg ◽  
Antonín Holý
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Cyclic Ester ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Reaction of 9-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (I) with N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide afforded the cyclic phosphonate II. The same compound was also obtained by controlled alkaline hydrolysis of 3'-O-chloromethanephosphonyl-9-(S)-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine (III). Methanolysis of compound II or III by sodium methoxide gave methyl ester VII. Isomeric cyclic ester V and methyl ester VIII were obtained from 3'-O-phosphonylmethyl ether IV or 2'-O-chloromethanephosphonyl ester VI by the same reactions. Compound I was transformed into morpholide IX which afforded the P-diphosphoryl derivative X by treatment with inorganic diphosphate. The P-phosphoryl derivative XII was obtained from compound I by successive protection with dimethoxytrityl chloride, activation with diphenyl chlorophosphate, treatment with inorganic phosphate and acid deprotection.

Synthesis of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine and related compounds

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 2801-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonín Holý ◽  
Ivan Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Sodium Hydride ◽  
Analogous Reaction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Related Compounds

Diethyl 2-hydroxyethoxymethanephosphonate (VIII) was converted into diethyl 2-halogenoethoxymethanephosphonates IXa and IXb by reaction with triphenylphosphine and tetrachloromethane or tetrabromomethane; analogous reaction of VIII with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride afforded diethyl 2-(p-toluenesulfonyloxy)ethoxymethanephosphonate (IXc). Reaction of sodium salt of adenine with compounds IX led to 9-(2-diethoxyphosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (X). Compound X was converted into 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (II) by treatment with bromotrimethylsilane whereas alkaline hydrolysis of X gave ethyl ester Vb. Reaction of 9-(2-hydroxyethyl)adenine (IIIa) or its N6-benzoyl derivative IIIb with dimethyl p-toluenesulfonyloxymethanephosphonate (IV) in the presence of sodium hydride, followed by alkaline hydrolysis yielded methyl ester Va. Morpholide XI reacted with an inorganic phosphate and diphosphate to give 9-(2-phosphorylphosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (XII) and 2-(diphosphorylphosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (XIII), respectively.

scholarly journals The isolation of an azobilirubin β-d-monoglucoside from dog gall-bladder bile

1974 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. Gordon ◽  
Molly Dadoun ◽  
Carl A. Goresky ◽  
Tak-Hang Chan ◽  
Arthur S. Perlin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Conjugated Bilirubin ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

An ethyl anthranilate azopigment of bilirubin conjugated to β-d-monoglucoside was isolated from dog gall-bladder bile. Glucose was cleaved from the azopigment by treatment with β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase. Mild alkaline hydrolysis of the compound by sodium methoxide yielded two kinds of compounds, water-soluble and organic-soluble. The former were shown, by enzymic analysis, t.l.c., nuclear magnetic resonance, and combined g.l.c. and mass spectrometry, to contain glucose. No evidence was obtained from these data that a disaccharide was present in this fraction. The organic-soluble compounds formed during this methanolysis were shown, by t.l.c. and mass spectrometry, to be the isomeric dipyrrole azopigments of bilirubin. These findings contribute further evidence to the controversy surrounding the nature of conjugated bilirubin.

Synthesis of Bicyclic Pyridine Tripeptides

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El-Hamid Attia ◽  
Mohamed H. Abo-Ghalia ◽  
Osama I. Abd El-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Dinicotinic acid reacted with L-phenylalanine affording N-dinicotinoyl-bis-L-phenylalanine (VII). The same product was also obtained by mild alkaline hydrolysis of the corresponding ester VI. Coupling of VII with L-ornithine or L-ornithine methyl ester gave rise to the formation of the desired chiral bicyclic tripeptides IIIa and IIIb as enniatin analogues.

THE HYDROLYSIS OF PHOSPHATE DIESTERS WITH BARIUM HYDROXIDE

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Helleiner ◽  
G. C. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Phosphate Ester ◽  
Purine Nucleotides ◽  
Diphenyl Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Diesters ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The rate of alkaline hydrolysis of diphenyl phosphate has been found to be increased by the presence of barium. Similarly, desoxyribonucleate (DNA), which is not hydrolyzed rapidly by hot sodium hydroxide, is hydrolyzed by barium hydroxide. Only a very small proportion of the total phosphorus of either diphenyl phosphate or DNA is converted to inorganic phosphate during this hydrolysis. In addition to hydrolysis of the phosphate ester bonds of DNA, hot alkali also causes the deamination of desoxycytidylic acid residues and probably of the amino-purine nucleotides as well.

Isomerization of Bicyclic Hydrazine Monoesters to N-Amino-2-pyridone Esters, Precursors to Bicyclic "Isosydnones"

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (13) ◽  
pp. 1973-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Mackay ◽  
Lichin L. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Lead Tetraacetate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Stable Ring

Selective aqueous alkaline hydrolysis of the diazetidine diesters 4 gives the basic monoesters 1 which isomerize quantitatively in trifluoroacetic acid or by refluxing with sodium methoxide in dioxane to the N-aminopyridone esters 2. The bridged pyridazine ester 5a can also be selectively hydrolyzed to the presumed intermediate 10, hydrolysis being accompanied by immediate isomerization to 2a. A common mechanistic pattern is proposed for these isomerizations.Heating of 2 causes loss of alcohol to give the mesoionic "isosydnone" 3, a fairly stable ring system slowly opened by ethanol to 2b and by concentrated alkali to the N-aminopyridone 16a. Oxidation of 16a with lead tetraacetate gives the pyridone 18a.

Influence of medium on alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2873-2882
Author(s):  
Vladislav Holba ◽  
Ján Benko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Nonaqueous Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters were studied in mixed aqueous-nonaqueous media at various temperatures and ionic strengths. The results of measurements are discussed in terms of electrostatic and specific interactions between the reactants and other components of the reaction mixture. The kinetic parameters in the media under study are related to the influence of the cosolvent on the solvation sphere of the reactants.

Synthesis of Normuramic Acid Carba Analog and Its Glycopeptide Derivative Resistant to β-Elimination Splitting of the Side Chain

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1726-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ledvina ◽  
Radka Pavelová ◽  
Anna Rohlenová ◽  
Jan Ježek ◽  
David Šaman
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Benzyl Ester ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Carba analogs of normuramic acid, i.e., 3-(benzyl 2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucopyranosid-3-yl)propanoic acid derivatives (nitrile or esters) 3a-3c were prepared by addition of radicals generated from benzyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-3-O-[(methylsulfanyl)thiocarbonyl]- (2a) or -3-O-(phenoxythiocarbonyl)-α-D-glucopyranoside (2b) with Bu3SnH to acrylonitrile or acryl esters. Alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl ester 3c afforded 3-(benzyl 2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-4,6-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucopyranosid-3-yl)propanoic acid (5). Coupling of acid 5 with L-2-aminobutanoyl-D-isoglutamine benzyl ester trifluoroacetate and subsequent deprotection of the intermediate 6 furnished N-[3-(2-acetamido-2,3-dideoxy-α-D-glucopyranosid-3-yl)propanoyl]-L-2-aminobutanoyl-D-isoglutamine (7).

Kinetic study of hydrolysis of benzoates. part xxvii. ortho substituent effect in alkaline hydrolysis of phenyl esters of substituted benzoic acids in aqueous Bu4NBr

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilve Nummert ◽  
Mare Piirsalu ◽  
Signe Vahur ◽  
Oksana Travnikova ◽  
Ilmar A. Koppel
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Benzoic Acids ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
The Media ◽  
Substituted Benzoic Acids ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Ortho Substituent

The second-order rate constants k (in dm3 mol–1 s–1) for alkaline hydrolysis of phenyl esters of meta-, para- and ortho-substituted benzoic acids, X-C6H4CO2C6H5, have been measured spectrophotometrically in aqueous 0.5 and 2.25 M Bu4NBr at 25 °C. The substituent effects for para and meta derivatives were described using the Hammett relationship. For the ortho derivatives the Charton equation was used. For ortho-substituted esters two steric scales were involved: the EsB and the Charton steric (υ) constants. When going from pure water to aqueous 0.5 and 2.25 M Bu4NBr, the meta and para polar effects, the ortho inductive and resonance effects in alkaline hydrolysis of phenyl esters of substituted benzoic acids, became stronger nearly to the same extent as found for alkaline hydrolysis of C6H5CO2C6H4-X. The steric term of ortho-substituted esters was almost independent of the media considered. The rate constants of alkaline hydrolysis of ortho-, meta- and para-substituted phenyl benzoates (X-C6H4CO2C6H5, C6H5CO2C6H4-X) and alkyl benzoates, C6H5CO2R, in water, 0.5 and 2.25 M Bu4NBr were correlated with the corresponding IR stretching frequencies of carbonyl group, (ΔνCO)X.

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