Nonisothermal control of batch reactor with reaction by digital computer. Experimental verification of the control algorithm based on mathematical model of the system

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 2473-2483
Author(s):  
František Jiráček ◽  
Josef Horák
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
Operating Reactor

Two-position feedback temperature control of the mixture in a batch reactor with the strongly exothermic autocatalytic reaction is studied. The control is based on continuous measurement of reaction temperature, evaluation of its time derivative and periodical determination of conversion of the reactant. On basis of numerical solution of equations of the mathematical model of the reactor is then evaluated the highest operating temperature of the mixture at which is still secured a safe operation of the reactor and trajectories along which the given operating temperature could be reached in the shortest time period. The manipulated variable was the flow rate of heat carrier into the cooler. Sampling of the reaction temperature and two-position switching over of flow rate of the heat carrier was performed in real time by use of the digital measuring center Hewlett-Packard 3052A. In the experiments has been verified the effect of changes in reactivity of the mixture, accuracy of the mathematical reactor model and effect of additional noise in the measured reaction temperature on control safety. Results of the experiments have proved that the proposed control algorithm enables safe control of the reaction temperature also in cases when the operating reactor states are unstable at the open control loop and when the cooler has a slow response to changes in the manipulated variable.

Control of the adiabatic flow reactor by feeding the catalyst solution

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 2352-2365
Author(s):  
Josef Horák ◽  
Zina Sojková ◽  
František Jiráček
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Temperature Deviation ◽  
Adiabatic Flow ◽  
Dosing Frequency ◽  
Laboratory Reactor

Control algorithm of the operating temperature is described in the reactor, which is operated at constant temperature and composition of the inlet mixture. The temperature is controlled by dosing a constant volume of the catalyst solution. The dosing frequency is determined according to the reaction temperature (deviation of the temperature from the desired value and the sign of the derivative of temperature). The control algorithm has been verified experimentally for the laboratory reactor in unstable steady state.

Nonisothermal control of a batch reactor with exothermic reaction using a mathematical model

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1268-1278
Author(s):  
Josef Horák ◽  
Petr Beránek ◽  
Dagmar Maršálková
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Coolant Temperature ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
A Value ◽  
Total Model

A method of nonisothermal control of a batch reactor with exothermic reaction is suggested and tested. The control algorithm is based on jump changes in the inlet temperature of coolant, which is chosen so that the highest difference between the temperature of the reaction mixture and the temperature of entering coolant is held at a value near the highest temperature difference at which the stable pseudostationary state still exists. A total model of the system is used for the prediction of the entering coolant temperature.

A feedback temperature control in a chemical reactor with high inertia of its cooling system

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1642-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Horák ◽  
František Jiráček ◽  
Libuše Ježová
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
The One ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Given

In this work we compare simple algorithms for the one-off feedback temperature control of the reaction mixture in a batch reactor during an exothermic reaction. The aim of the control was to maintain the temperature of the mixture within the given range, and simultaneously, to minimize the number of the regulator switchings. The temperature control of the mixture was being performed at conditions when working states of the reactor in an open regulation loop are unstable and when the response of the cooler to regulation is slow. The following control algorithms were compared: P - regulator, PD - regulator and algorithms based on a prediction mathematical model including its adaptive variant. The results indicate that the algorithms based on the mathematical model are more efficient. However, the precision of the control can be diminished due to error in the time derivative of the temperature of the reaction mixture which forms the input to the prediction model. The adaptive variant of the algorithms was advantageous in cases when it was necessary to make up for significant errors in initial estimates of parameters of the prediction mathematical model.

Second-order isothermal reaction in a semi-batch reactor: modeling, exact analytical solution, and experimental verification

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 2011-2020
Author(s):  
Mana Kord ◽  
Ali Nematollahzadeh ◽  
Behruz Mirzayi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Exact Analytical Solution ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reactor Modeling ◽  
Isothermal Reaction

Mathematical model of a semi-batch reactor (SBR) can be employed for tuning the concentration or flow rate of the external-feed of reactants, to control the reaction conditions and product properties.

A simplified method of temperature control maximizing productivity of the batch reactor; The effect of inertia of the cooling system

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Jiráček ◽  
Josef Horák
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Exothermic Reaction ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Variable Activity ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Time Of Operation

The effect has been studied of the inertia of the cooling system on the reliability of control of the temperature of the reaction mixture. The study has been made using a mathematical model of the batch reactor with an exothermic reaction. The temperature has been controlled by a two-level controller opening and closing the flow of the coolant. The aim of the control has been to maintain a constant value of the degree of utilization of the cooling capacity of the reactor. The instantaneous value of the degree of utilization has been assessed from the ratio of times for which the cooling system is idle to the time of operation. The reliability of control has been studied for variable activity of the catalyst.

Research on an axial-mounted dual magnetostrictive material rods-based electro-hydrostatic actuator

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110145
Author(s):  
Yuchuan Zhu ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Yunze Song ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Yulei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Motion State ◽  
New Type ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Active Rectification

In this paper, an electro-hydrostatic actuator driven by dual axial-mounted magnetostrictive material rods-based pumps (MMPs) with a new type of active rectification valve is designed in the current study. Based on flow distribution of the active rectification valve and driving energy provided by two MMPs, the actuator can output continuous and bidirectional displacement. By establishing a mathematical model of the actuating system, using simulation techniques, the change rule of hydraulic cylinder’s motion state caused by different driving signals are studied and analyzed. Test equipment platform is constructed in the laboratory to test the output characteristics and confirm the feasibility of the new concept. The experimental results indicate that the maximum flow rate can reach approximately 2.7 L·min−1, while the operating frequency is 180 Hz.

scholarly journals Determination of exothermic batch reactor specific model parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 01063
Author(s):  
Lubomír Macků
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
First Order Reaction ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Reactor Model ◽  
First Order

An alternative method of determining exothermic reactor model parameters which include first order reaction rate constant is described in this paper. The method is based on known in reactor temperature development and is suitable for processes with changing quality of input substances. This method allows us to evaluate the reaction substances composition change and is also capable of the reaction rate constant (parameters of the Arrhenius equation) determination. Method can be used in exothermic batch or semi- batch reactors running processes based on the first order reaction. An example of such process is given here and the problem is shown on its mathematical model with the help of simulations.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Model for Swallowing of Concentrated Fluids in Oesophagus

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Pandey ◽  
Dharmendra Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Flow Region ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Casson Fluid ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Integral Number ◽  
Tomato Puree ◽  
The Impact

This model investigates particularly the impact of an integral and a non-integral number of waves on the swallowing of food stuff such as jelly, tomato puree, soup, concentrated fruits juices and honey transported peristaltically through the oesophagus. The fluid is considered as a Casson fluid. Emphasis is on the study of the dependence of local pressure distribution on space and time. Mechanical efficiency, reflux limit and trapping are also discussed. The effect of Casson fluid vis-à-vis Newtonian fluid is investigated analytically and numerically too. The result is physically interpreted as that the oesophagus makes more efforts to swallow fluids with higher concentration. It is observed that the pressure is uniformly distributed when an integral number of waves is there in the oesophagus; but it is non-uniform when a non-integral number of waves is present therein. It is further observed that as the plug flow region widens, the pressure difference increases, which indicates that the averaged flow rate will reduce for a Casson fluid. It is also concluded that Casson fluids are more prone to reflux.

Increasing the mobility of a high-speed tracked vehicle based on a controlled skid algorithm

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
S. V. Kondakov ◽  
O.O. Pavlovskaya ◽  
I.D. Ivanov ◽  
A.R. Ishbulatov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Automatic System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Loss Of Stability ◽  
Tracked Vehicle ◽  
Hydrostatic Transmission ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A method for controlling the curvilinear movement of a high-speed tracked vehicle in a skid without loss of stability is proposed. The mathematical model of the vehicle is refined. With the help of simulation modeling, a control algorithm is worked out when driving in a skid. The effectiveness of vehicle steering at high speed outside the skid is shown. Keywords: controlled skid, dynamic stability, steering pole displacement, hydrostatic transmission, automatic system, fuel supply. [email protected]

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