Glucan isolated from leaves of Althaea officinalis L.

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 2082-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Kardošová ◽  
Jozef Rosík ◽  
Rudolf Toman ◽  
Peter Capek
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Althaea Officinalis ◽  
C Nmr

A water-soluble low-molecular D-glucan was isolated from leaves of the medicinal plant marsh-mallow (Althaea officinalis L.). The results of methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, and 13C NMR data indicated a virtually linear structure with α-(1→6) glycosidic bonds.

Polysaccharides from the roots ofAlthaea officinalis L.: Structural features of D-glucans

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2674-2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Capek ◽  
Rudolf Toman ◽  
Jozef Rosík ◽  
Alžbeta Kardošová ◽  
František Janeček
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Linear Character ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Glycosidic Bonds ◽  
Althaea Officinalis ◽  
C Nmr

From the roots of the medicinal plant Althaea officinalis L., three D-glucans were isolated by gel chromatography which differed in molecular weights. The results of methylation analyses and 13C NMR measurements indicated predominantly linear character of the polysaccharide chains composed of α-D-glucopyranose units linked by 1 → 6 glycosidic bonds almost exclusively. The polymers had essentially the same structural features as D-glucan isolated from the leaves of this plant.

Polysaccharides from the Flowers of Malva Mauritiana L.: Structure of an Arabinogalactan

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2112-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Capek ◽  
Alžbeta Kardašová
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Partial Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Branched Structure ◽  
C Nmr

A water-soluble arabinogalactan composed of D-galactose and L-arabinose in the mole ratio 1 : 1.4 has been isolated from the flowers of Malva mauritiana L. Partial acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were employed in structure elucidation. The arabinogalactan was shown to have a highly branched structure. The core consisted of 1,6-linked β-D-galactopyranose units, about 65% of which were substituted in position C-3 by side-chains of mainly 1,5-linked α-L-arabinofuranosyl residues.

scholarly journals Characterization of two cell-wall polysaccharides from Fusicoccum amygdali

1971 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Obaidah ◽  
K. W. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Partial Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Polysaccharide Fraction ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide

1. The nature of two polysaccharides (s020 values 6S and 2S respectively in 1m-sodium hydroxide), comprising a fragment (fraction BB, [α]D +236° in 1m-sodium hydroxide), previously isolated from cell walls of Fusicoccum amygdali, has been investigated. 2. Both the major (2S) and minor (6S) components were affected by incubation with α-amylase. The 6S polysaccharide was also attacked by exo-β-(1→3)-glucanase, which is evidence that it contained both α-(1→4)- and β-(1→3)-glucopyranose linkages. By fractionation of the products of α-amylase-treated fraction BB it was possible to obtain a water-insoluble polysaccharide, fraction P ([α]D +290° in 1m-sodium hydroxide, 67% of fraction BB) and a water-soluble polysaccharide, fraction Q ([α]D +16° in 1m-sodium hydroxide, 11% of fraction BB), both of which sedimented as single boundaries with s020 values (in 1m-sodium hydroxide) of 1.7S and 4.6S respectively. 3. Evidence from periodate oxidation, methylation analysis, i.r. spectroscopy and partial acid hydrolysis showed that fraction P consisted of linear chains of α-(1→3)-glucopyranose units with blocks of one or two α-(1→4)-glucopyranose units interspersed at intervals along the main chain. The 2S polysaccharide, from which fraction P is derived, evidently also contains longer blocks of α-(1→4)-glucopyranose units, that are susceptible to α-amylase action. 4. Fraction Q consisted of glucose (88%) with small amounts of galactose, mannose and rhamnose. Evidence from digestion with exo- and endo-β-(1→3)-glucanases, periodate oxidation and methylation analysis suggests that fraction Q consists of a branched galactomannorhamnan core, to which is attached a β-(1→3)-, β-(1→6)-glucan. In the cell wall, chains of α-(1→4)-linked glucopyranose units are linked to fraction Q to form the 6S component of fraction BB.

scholarly journals Studies of the polysaccharide fraction from the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes

1974 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Lomax ◽  
George W. Gray ◽  
Stephen G. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Mild Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Pseudomonas Alcaligenes ◽  
Crude Polysaccharide ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Mild Acid

Studies of the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain BR 1/2 were extended to the polysaccharide moiety. The crude polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide, was fractionated by gel filtration. The major fraction was the phosphorylated polysaccharide, for which the approximate proportions of residues were; glucose (2), rhamnose (0.7), heptose (2–3), galactosamine (1), alanine (1), 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid (1), phosphorus (5–6). The heptose was l-glycero-d-manno-heptose. The minor fractions from gel filtration contained free 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid, Pi and PPi. The purified polysaccharide was studied by periodate oxidation, methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, and dephosphorylation. All the rhamnose and part of the glucose and heptose occur as non-reducing terminal residues. Other glucose residues are 3-substituted, and most heptose residues are esterified with condensed phosphate residues, possibly in the C-4 position. Free heptose and a heptosylglucose were isolated from a partial hydrolysate of the polysaccharide. The location of galactosamine in the polysaccharide was not established, but either the C-3 or C-4 position appears to be substituted and a linkage to alanine was indicated. In its composition, the polysaccharide from Ps. alcaligenes resembles core polysaccharides from other pseudomonads: no possible side-chain polysaccharide was detected.

Structural analysis of the specific capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcuspneumoniae type 22F

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Richards ◽  
Malcolm B. Perry ◽  
Peter J. Kniskern
Keyword(s):  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Chemical Shift Correlation ◽  
Structure Formula ◽  
Correlation Techniques ◽  
Heteronuclear Chemical Shift ◽  
C Nmr

The structure of the specific capsular polysaccharide produced by Streptococcuspneumoniae type 22F (American type 22) was investigated by high-field 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, composition, methylation analysis, and periodate oxidation studies. The polysaccharide was found to be a high molecular weight acidic polymer composed of D-glucose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid, and L-rhamnose residues to form a regular repeating hexasaccharide unit having the structure[Formula: see text]in which the β-L-rhamnopyranosyl residues were substituted by O-acetyl groups in 80% of the repeating units. The 1H and 13C nmr resonances of the O-deacetylated type 22F polysaccharide were completely assigned by application of two-dimensional homo- and heteronuclear chemical shift correlation techniques. Keywords: Streptococcuspneumoniae polysaccharide, NMR analysis.

Chemical and 13C NMR Studies of a Rhamnoarabinogalactan from the Leaves of Plantago lanceolata L. var. libor

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2714-2720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alžbeta Kardošová ◽  
Peter Capek
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Nmr Studies ◽  
C Nmr

A rhamnoarabinogalactan isolated from the leaves of Plantago lanceolata L. var. libor has been investigated by methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The structural conclusions obtained by 13C NMR measurements were consistent with the data from methylation analysis. The polysaccharide has a β-(1→6)-D-galactan core branched on O-3 by side chains of (1→5)-linked α-L-arabinofuranosyl units, some of which bear in position O-5 terminal β-D-galactopyranosyl residues. L-Rhamnose occurs as nonreducing ends.

CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE HEMICELLULOSES FROM THE WOOD OF AMABILIS FIR (ABIES AMABILIS)

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1381-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. A. Schwarz ◽  
T. E. Timell
Keyword(s):  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Specific Rotation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Partial Hydrolysis ◽  
Abies Amabilis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Linear Framework ◽  
Molecular Rotations ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

An arabino-4-O-methylglucuronoxylan (10:14:76), a water-soluble galactoglucomannan (1:1:3), and an alkali-soluble galactoglucomannan (0.1:1:3) have been isolated in yields of 7, 4, and 8% from the wood of amabilis fir (Abies amabilis). The structure of the polysaccharides was established by methylation and periodate oxidation techniques. The xylan ([Formula: see text]) contained side chains of (1 → 2)-linked 4-O-methyl-α-D-glucuronic acid and (1 → 3)-linked α-L-arabinofuranose residues, both attached directly to a linear framework of (1 → 4)-linked β-D-xylose residues. The galactoglucomannans ([Formula: see text] 76 and 95) contained (1 → 6)-linked α-D-galactopyranosyl residues attached directly to a backbone of (1 → 4)-linked β-D-mannose and β-D-glucose residues. Partial hydrolysis of the two hexosans yielded 10 and 13 oligosaccharides, respectively, containing (1 → 4)-β-D-mannose, (1 → 4)-β-D-glucose, and (1 → 6)-α-D-galactopyranose residues. The molecular rotations of a series of mannooligosaccharides corresponded to a value of −54° for the specific rotation of an infinitely long mannan. It is concluded that the main hemicelluloses in amabilis fir wood are the same as those occurring in the wood of gymnosperms from other genera. The same three hemicelluloses are also present in the bark of this species.

Structure determination of the exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains RW-9595M and R

2002 ◽  
Vol 363 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Rose van CALSTEREN ◽  
Corinne PAU-ROBLOT ◽  
André BÉGIN ◽  
Denis ROY
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Molecular Masses

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) were isolated and purified from Lactobacillusrhamnosus strains RW-9595M, which has been shown to possess cytokine-stimulating activity, and R grown under various fermentation conditions (carbon source, incubation temperature and duration). Identical 1H NMR spectra were obtained in all cases. Molecular masses were determined by gel permeation chromatography. The primary structure was elucidated using chemical and spectroscopic techniques. Organic acid, monosaccharide and absolute configuration analyses gave the following composition: pyruvate, 1; d-glucose, 2; d-galactose, 1; and l-rhamnose, 4. Methylation analysis indicated the presence of three residues of 3-linked rhamnose, and one residue each of 2,3-linked rhamnose, 2-linked glucose, 3-linked glucose and 4,6-linked galactose. The EPS was submitted to periodate oxidation followed by borohydride reduction. Monosaccharide analysis of the resulting polysaccharide gave the new composition: rhamnose, 4; and glucose, 1. Methylation analysis confirmed the loss of the 2-linked glucose and 4,6-linked galactose residues. On the basis of one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR data, the structure of the native EPS was consistent with the following heptasaccharide repeating unit: {3Rhaα-3Glcβ-3[Gal4,6(R)Pyα-2]Rhaα-3Rhaα-3Rhaα-2Glcα-}n where Rha corresponds to rhamnose (6-deoxymannose) and Py corresponds to pyruvate acetal. Complete 1H and 13C assignments are reported for the native and the corresponding pyruvate-hydrolysed polysaccharide. Electrospray MS and MS/MS data are given for the oligosaccharide produced by Smith degradation.

Structural determination of the O-antigenic polysaccharide of enteropathogenicEscherichia coliO103:H2

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Vinogradov ◽  
Leann L. MacLean ◽  
Malcolm B. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Polysaccharide Antigen ◽  
Antigenic Polysaccharide ◽  
Oxidation Degradation ◽  
C Nmr

The structure of the antigenic O-polysaccharide isolated from the lipopolysaccharide produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103:H2 was determined and shown to be composed of d-glucose (1 part), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2 parts), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose (1 part), and 3-deoxy-3-(R)-3-hydroxybutyramido-d-fucose (1 part). From the results of methylation analysis, Smith-type periodate oxidation degradation studies, and the use of one- and two-dimensional1H and13C NMR spectroscopy, the O-polysaccharide antigen was found to be an unbranched polymer of a repeating pentasaccharide unit having the following structure: →2)-β-d-Glcp-(1→2)-β-d-Fucp3NBu-(1→6)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→3)-β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→, where Bu is (R)-3-hydroxybutyramido.

scholarly journals Structural Characterization of Dietary Fiber of Green Chalcumra (Benincasa Hispida) Fruit by NMR Spectroscopic Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debsankar Das ◽  
Subhas Mondal ◽  
Debabrata Maiti ◽  
Sadhan K. Roy ◽  
Syed S. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽  
Benincasa Hispida

A water-soluble dietary fiber was isolated from the hot aqueous extract of Chalcumra ( Benincasa hispida) fruit. The polysaccharide was found to contain D-galactose and D-methyl galacturonate in a molar ratio of 2:1. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR spectroscopic studies (1H, 13C, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as →4)-β-D-Gal p-(1→4)-β-D-Gal p-(1→2)-α-D-Gal pA6Me-(1→.

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