Porous electrodes for the preparation of peroxide by reduction of oxygen; Influence of the content of polyethylene

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 996-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otomar Špalek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Current Yield ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Polyethylene Powder

With porous electrodes prepared by pressing a mixture of carbon black and polyethylene powder, the influence of the content of the binder on their electric resistance, wettability, current density, and current yield of peroxide during reduction of oxygen was studied.

Porous electrodes for hydrogen peroxide preparation by oxygen reduction. The influence of temperature and pressure applied in preparation of the electrodes on their functional properties

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2052-2059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otomar Špalek ◽  
Jan Balej
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Current Yield ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Electrode Mass ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Wetted Surface Area

The influence of the temperature and pressure applied in preparation of porous electrodes from Teflon-bonded carbon black on the hydrogen peroxide current yield and the current density was investigated. The porous structure, the wetted surface area of carbon black, and the electric resistance of the electrode mass were examined in order to establish the factors responsible for the varying electrode activity.

Responsiveness of electric resistance of polymer-grafted carbon black/alumina gel composite against solvent vapor and solute in solution

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Tsubokawa ◽  
Junya Inaba ◽  
Katsunori Arai ◽  
Kazuhiro Fujiki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Solvent Vapor ◽  
Alumina Gel

scholarly journals MAS-NMR of [Pyr13][Tf2N] and [Pyr16][Tf2N] Ionic Liquids Confined to Carbon Black: Insights and Pitfalls

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6690
Author(s):  
Steffen Merz ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Petrik Galvosas ◽  
Josef Granwehr
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Magic Angle Spinning ◽  
Mas Nmr ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Aggregation Behavior ◽  
Magic Angle ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Inversion Algorithm

Electrolytes based on ionic liquids (IL) are promising candidates to replace traditional liquid electrolytes in electrochemical systems, particularly in combination with carbon-based porous electrodes. Insight into the dynamics of such systems is imperative for tailoring electrochemical performance. In this work, 1-Methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and 1-Hexyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide were studied in a carbon black (CB) host using spectrally resolved Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) and 13-interval Pulsed Field Gradient Stimulated Echo (PFGSTE) Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR). Data were processed using a sensitivity weighted Laplace inversion algorithm without non-negativity constraint. Previously found relations between the alkyl length and the aggregation behavior of pyrrolidinium-based cations were confirmed and characterized in more detail. For the IL in CB, a different aggregation behavior was found compared to the neat IL, adding the surface of a porous electrode as an additional parameter for the optimization of IL-based electrolytes. Finally, the suitability of MAS was assessed and critically discussed for investigations of this class of samples.

Numerical Simulation of SOFC Performance Affected by Cathode Mesoscale-Structure Control

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Konno ◽  
Hiroshi Iwai ◽  
Motohiro Saito ◽  
Hideo Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Porous Electrodes ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Structure Control ◽  
Mesoscale Structures ◽  
Mesoscale Structure ◽  
Electrolyte Interface

Increase of the current density is one of the most important topics in the development of solid oxide fuel cells. In this study we focus on the possibility of the current density enhancement by controlling the mesoscale structure of the electrodes. Modifications of the mesoscale structures increase the area of electrode-electrolyte interface and the volume of the electrode, reduce the electrolyte thickness, affect gas diffusion in the porous electrode and consequently influence the cell performance. To evaluate its effect on the cell performance, two-dimensional numerical simulation for SOFC with and without mesoscale grooves on the cathode-electrolyte interface is conducted to understand the effects of such cathode mesoscale structure on the cell performance. It is found that the electrochemical reaction in porous electrodes takes place in the region close to the electrode-electrolyte interface and the cell performance can be improved by applying cathode mesoscale structures.

THE ELECTROLYSIS OF SOME ORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH ALTERNATING CURRENT

1939 ◽  
Vol 17b (5) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Shipley ◽  
M. T. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Current Yield ◽  
High Current ◽  
Hydrogen Overvoltage ◽  
General Relations ◽  
A Current

The a-c. electrolysis of a number of organic compounds was carried out in order to ascertain what products might be obtained, what electrolytic conditions affected the nature and the yield of products, and to discover the general relations governing oxidation and reduction when a.c. is used. Oxidation was found to predominate over reduction, owing, probably, to the relatively low hydrogen overvoltage on the electrodes. The effect of varying the conditions of a-c. electrolysis was in general similar to that observed in d-c. electrolysis. Satisfactory yields were obtained only when a product of an irreversible process was concerned. A good yield of quinhydrone from the a-c. electrolysis of hydroquinone was secured at a relatively high current density. The chlorination of acetone by the a-c. electrolysis of a solution of acetic anhydride in hydrochloric acid gave a current yield of 35% at a current density of 2 amp. per cm2.

Generation of hydrogen peroxide by reduction of oxygen in semihydrophobic trickle electrodes

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otomar Špalek ◽  
Karel Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Phase Interface ◽  
Electrochemical Activity ◽  
Polarization Curves ◽  
Electric Resistance ◽  
Graphite Felt ◽  
Three Phase

The reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide was studied in semihydrophobic trickle electrodes prepared from crushed graphite and teflonized carbon black. The potential of these electrodes was found markedly more positive and the peroxide current yields appreciably higher than for electrodes made of used crushed graphite. The reason for this is the higher surface area of the electrodes containing carbon black and occurrence of a three-phase interface in them. The relevant properties, i.e. electric resistance, electrolyte holdup, polarization curves for the oxygen reduction and pexide current yields, were also studied for trickle electrodes containing graphite felt. The electrochemical activity of electrodes made from untreated felt was found rather low but it increased several times when felt pretreated by oxidation was used.

THE PRODUCTION OF ETHANE, QUINHYDRONE, AND POTASSIUM CUPRIC CYANIDE BY A-C. ELECTROLYSIS

1939 ◽  
Vol 17b (6) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Shipley ◽  
M. T. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Current Yield ◽  
High Current ◽  
Space Time Yield

The quantitative production, of ethane, quinhydrone, and potassium cupric cyanide by a-c. electrolysis was studied in respect to conditions affecting yield. It was found that a good yield (about 90%) of quinhydrone was obtained by a-c. electrolysis, at low frequency and moderately high current density, of an aqueous solution of hydroquinone. This method of preparation has a distinct advantage in respect to space-time yield over the method of d-c. electrolysis. The current yield of potassium cupric cyanide at low current density (0.3 to 1.0 amp. per cm.2) using a.c. was in the neighbourhood of 88%. A-c. electrolysis was not found to indicate any particular advantage over d-c. electrolysis, as far as could be ascertained by comparing the ethane efficiency of the two processes.

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