Photooxidation of blood proteins. VIII. Photooxidation of human haemoglobin in the presence of sensitizers

1961 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 2813-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vodrážka ◽  
J. Čejka ◽  
J. Salák
Keyword(s):  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Human Haemoglobin

The Structure and Development of Microbodies in the Fat Body and other Tissues of an Insect (Calpodes Ethlius)

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
M. Locke ◽  
J. T. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Free Base ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Matrix

The fat body of insects has always been compared functionally to the liver of vertebrates. Both synthesize and store glycogen and lipid and are concerned with the formation of blood proteins. The comparison becomes even more apt with the discovery of microbodies and the localization of urate oxidase and catalase in insect fat body.The microbodies are oval to spherical bodies about 1μ across with a depression and dense core on one side. The core is made of coiled tubules together with dense material close to the depressed membrane. The tubules may appear loose or densely packed but always intertwined like liquid crystals, never straight as in solid crystals (Fig. 1). When fat body is reacted with diaminobenzidine free base and H2O2 at pH 9.0 to determine the distribution of catalase, electron microscopy shows the enzyme in the matrix of the microbodies (Fig. 2). The reaction is abolished by 3-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole, a competitive inhibitor of catalase. The fat body is the only tissue which consistantly reacts positively for urate oxidase. The reaction product is sharply localized in granules of about the same size and distribution as the microbodies. The reaction is inhibited by 2, 6, 8-trichloropurine, a competitive inhibitor of urate oxidase.

REPEATED LONG-TERM SPACE FLIGHTS: PROTEOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF COSMONAUTS' BLOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
I.M. Larina ◽  
◽  
D.N. Kashirina ◽  
K.S. Kireev ◽  
A.I. Grigoriev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Structure ◽  
Space Station ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Biochemical Indices

We performed the first ever comparative analysis of modifications in the proteome, ionogram and some other blood plasma biochemical indices of 18 male cosmonauts (44 ± 6 years of age) before and after maiden or repeated long-term missions to the Russian segment of the International space station (ISS RS). Levels of proteins, substrates and ions as well as chemical components were measured using the LC-MS-based proteomics and routine biochemical techniques. A total of 256 to 281 indices were investigated with the methods of descriptive statistic, regression analysis, and access to bioinformatics resources. It was shown that blood indices recovery from the maiden and repeated missions reflects changes in the body systems and goes at a various speed. The results of measurements made prior to launch and on day 7 after landing are dependent on the number of missions. The bioinformatics techniques showed that after maiden missions both the mediator proteins of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and blood proteins with reliably changing concentrations are associated with the bio-processes including stress, metabolism and DNA reparation, apoptosis, catabolism and proteolysis. During early re-adaptation from repeated missions the AP level was affected by bone remodeling, phosphorylation, angiogenesis and coagulation cascade suggesting a distinct and urgent trigger of the processes of bone structure and mineralization.

Comparison of human haemoglobin and globin in denaturation

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1819
Author(s):  
M. Kodíček ◽  
Z. Vodrážka
Keyword(s):  
Human Haemoglobin

A comparison of direct measures of glycaemia and glycated blood proteins in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Winocour ◽  
Deepak Bhatnagar ◽  
Paramjeet Kalsi ◽  
Valerie F. Hillier ◽  
David C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Direct Measures

scholarly journals Whole blood and blood components from vertebrates differentially affect egg formation in three species of anautogenous mosquitoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby E. Harrison ◽  
Mark R. Brown ◽  
Michael R. Strand
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Vertebrate Host ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Serum Albumins ◽  
Egg Formation ◽  
Reproductive Response

Abstract Background Most female mosquitoes are anautogenous and must blood feed on a vertebrate host to produce eggs. Prior studies show that the number of eggs females lay per clutch correlates with the volume of blood ingested and that protein is the most important macronutrient for egg formation. In contrast, how whole blood, blood fractions and specific blood proteins from different vertebrates affect egg formation is less clear. Since egg formation is best understood in Aedes aegypti, we examined how blood and blood components from different vertebrates affect this species and two others: the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae and arbovirus vector Culex quinquefasciatus. Methods Adult female mosquitoes were fed blood, blood fractions and purified major blood proteins from different vertebrate hosts. Markers of reproductive response including ovary ecdysteroidogenesis, yolk deposition into oocytes and number of mature eggs produced were measured. Results Ae. aegypti, An. gambiae and C. quinquefasciatus responded differently to meals of whole blood, plasma or blood cells from human, rat, chicken and turkey hosts. We observed more similarities between the anthropophiles Ae. aegypti and An. gambiae than the ornithophile C. quinquefasciatus. Focusing on Ae. aegypti, the major plasma-derived proteins (serum albumin, fibrinogen and globulins) differentially stimulated egg formation as a function of vertebrate host source. The major blood cell protein, hemoglobin, stimulated yolk deposition when from pigs but not humans, cows or sheep. Serum albumins from different vertebrates also variably affected egg formation. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) stimulated ovary ecdysteroidogenesis, but more weakly induced digestive enzyme activities than whole blood. In contrast, BSA-derived peptides and free amino acids had no stimulatory effects on ecdysteroidogenesis or yolk deposition into oocytes. Conclusions Whole blood, blood fractions and specific blood proteins supported egg formation in three species of anautogenous mosquitoes but specific responses varied with the vertebrate source of the blood components tested.

scholarly journals Dysregulation of complement and coagulation pathways: emerging mechanisms in the development of psychosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Heurich ◽  
Melanie Föcking ◽  
David Mongan ◽  
Gerard Cagney ◽  
David R. Cotter
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical High Risk ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Episode Psychosis

AbstractEarly identification and treatment significantly improve clinical outcomes of psychotic disorders. Recent studies identified protein components of the complement and coagulation systems as key pathways implicated in psychosis. These specific protein alterations are integral to the inflammatory response and can begin years before the onset of clinical symptoms of psychotic disorder. Critically, they have recently been shown to predict the transition from clinical high risk to first-episode psychosis, enabling stratification of individuals who are most likely to transition to psychotic disorder from those who are not. This reinforces the concept that the psychosis spectrum is likely a central nervous system manifestation of systemic changes and highlights the need to investigate plasma proteins as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and pathophysiological mediators. In this review, we integrate evidence of alterations in proteins belonging to the complement and coagulation protein systems, including the coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolytic pathways and their dysregulation in psychosis, into a consolidated mechanism that could be integral to the progression and manifestation of psychosis. We consolidate the findings of altered blood proteins relevant for progression to psychotic disorders, using data from longitudinal studies of the general population in addition to clinical high-risk (CHR) individuals transitioning to psychotic disorder. These are compared to markers identified from first-episode psychosis and schizophrenia as well as other psychosis spectrum disorders. We propose the novel hypothesis that altered complement and coagulation plasma levels enhance their pathways’ activating capacities, while low levels observed in key regulatory components contribute to excessive activation observed in patients. This hypothesis will require future testing through a range of experimental paradigms, and if upheld, complement and coagulation pathways or specific proteins could be useful diagnostic or prognostic tools and targets for early intervention and preventive strategies.

scholarly journals Unraveling the In Vivo Protein Corona

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Johanna Simon ◽  
Gabor Kuhn ◽  
Michael Fichter ◽  
Stephan Gehring ◽  
Katharina Landfester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Ex Vivo Approach ◽  
In Vivo Administration

Understanding the behavior of nanoparticles upon contact with a physiological environment is of urgent need in order to improve their properties for a successful therapeutic application. Most commonly, the interaction of nanoparticles with plasma proteins are studied under in vitro conditions. However, this has been shown to not reflect the complex situation after in vivo administration. Therefore, here we focused on the investigation of magnetic nanoparticles with blood proteins under in vivo conditions. Importantly, we observed a radically different proteome in vivo in comparison to the in vitro situation underlining the significance of in vivo protein corona studies. Next to this, we found that the in vivo corona profile does not significantly change over time. To mimic the in vivo situation, we established an approach, which we termed “ex vivo” as it uses whole blood freshly prepared from an animal. Overall, we present a comprehensive analysis focusing on the interaction between nanoparticles and blood proteins under in vivo conditions and how to mimic this situation with our ex vivo approach. This knowledge is needed to characterize the true biological identity of nanoparticles.

scholarly journals THE USE OF TUNGSTOMOLYBDIC ACID AS A PRECIPITANT FOR BLOOD PROTEINS

1929 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley R. Benedict ◽  
Eleanor B. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Proteins
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