Amino-acids and peptides. XXX. Alkaline hydrolysis of the phthalimido group in phthalylamino-acids and their derivatives; A polarographic study

1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 3338-3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rudinger ◽  
J. Krupička ◽  
M. Zaoral ◽  
V. Černík
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Polarographic Study ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Alkaline hydrolysis of porcine blood haemoglobin: applications for peptide and amino acid production

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Álvarez ◽  
Manuel Rendueles ◽  
Mario Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Amino Acid Production ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Alkaline hydrolysis of proteins recovered from slaughterhouse blood is a method to obtain profitable peptides and free amino acids for animal feed, besides decreasing the waste produced by this industry. The current trend to use enzymatic hydrolysis may need reconsidering due to its high cost in materials and the need for control processes that are both complex and expensive. The use of caustic soda (NaOH), which is a low-cost product, to obtain useful peptides from porcine haemoglobin is studied in this paper. Concentrations of 6 M NaOH at 50°C for 24 h afforded an 80% peptide recovery yield with an average peptide size of 13 kDa. Product obtained at 24 h was composed of soluble haemoglobin (7%), peptides larger than 10 kDa (63%), peptides between 6 and 10 kDa (16%), peptides between 1 and 6 kDa (1%), free amino acids (4%) and non-soluble compounds (8%). A kinetic model was subsequently developed. It is proposed that neutralising the alkaline product using acid products allows the processing of a higher amount of protein while employing the same amounts of reagents, although this topic requires further research.

XII.—The Metabolism of Sodium Bromosulphthalein in the Fowl

1960 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-332
Author(s):  
J. G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Liver Extract ◽  
Liver Clearance ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Clearance Test

SynopsisEvidence is presented that, in fowls, as in a number of mammals, intravenously administered sodium bromosulphthalein is excreted by the liver into the bile in several forms. These metabolites are not glucuronides, esters or sulphates, and in the fowl do not have the chromatographic mobilities or other characteristics of any of the amino acids described as conjugating with BSP in mammals. In all, three forms of BSP are detectable in fowl bile after administration of the dye, one, with the highest Rf. is unchanged BSP, the others are associated with ninhydrin positive material, and have lower Rf. values. Conjugation has been studied in young chickens and in adults, and the effects of sex hormones, cortisone and liver damage have been assessed. It is shown that a proportion of the injected BSP may be retained for some time in the liver as a colourless form, so that only prolonged alkaline hydrolysis of liver extract and homogenate results in its liberation as a detectable coloured form. The significance of this, and the effect of sex hormones in influencing the amount of conjugation and thus possibly affecting the rate of liver clearance of BSP is discussed, and evidence is presented that there exists an apparent inverse relationship between the amount of œstrogen as assessed by BSP liver-clearance test and the relative proportions of the two BSP conjugates in the bile. Also direct relationship may exist between the amount of œstrogen and the proportion of colourless BSP found in the liver.

Deinking of recycled paper by coupling of the enzyme endo-β-1,4-D-glucanasa and the cellulose, and by using a laboratory flotation column

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (52-53) ◽  
pp. 2669-2678
Author(s):  
Jeovani González P. ◽  
Ramiro Escudero G
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Chemical Reagent ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Flotation Column ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

AbstractDeinking of recycled office (MOW) paper was carried out by using a flotation column and adding separately sodium hydroxide, and the enzyme Cellulase Thricodema Sp., as defibrillators.The de-inked cellulose fibers were characterized according to the standards of the paper industry, to compare the efficiency of the deinking of each chemical reagent used to hydrolyze the fibers and defibrillate them.The computational simulation of the molecular coupling between the enzyme and cellulose was performed, to establish the enzyme-cellulose molecular complex and then to identify the principal amino-acids of endo-β-1,4-D-glucanase in this molecular link, which are responsible for the hydrolysis of the cellulose.Experimental results show the feasibility to replace sodium hydroxide with the enzyme Cellulase Thricodema Sp., by obtaining deinked cellulose with similar optical and physical properties.The use of the enzyme instead of sodium hydroxide avoids the contamination of the residual water; in addition to that, the column is operated more easily, taking into consideration that the pH of the system goes from alkaline to neutral.

Studies on Chromatographic Fractioning by Cations Exchangers of a Bovine Hemoglobin Hydrolysate

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2794-2798
Author(s):  
Alina Diana Panainte ◽  
Ionela Daniela Morariu ◽  
Nela Bibire ◽  
Madalina Vieriu ◽  
Gladiola Tantaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Bovine Hemoglobin ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Hplc System ◽  
Fast Flow ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Phase Column

A peptidic hydrolysate has been obtained through hydrolysis of bovine hemoglobin using pepsin. The fractioning of the hydrolysate was performed on a column packed with CM-Sepharose Fast Flow. The hydrolysate and each fraction was filtered and then injected into a HPLC system equipped with a Vydak C4 reverse phase column (0.46 x 25 cm), suitable for the chromatographic separation of large peptides with 20 to 30 amino acids. The detection was done using mass spectrometry, and the retention time, size and distribution of the peptides were determined.

Influence of medium on alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 2873-2882
Author(s):  
Vladislav Holba ◽  
Ján Benko
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Nonaqueous Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The kinetics of alkaline hydrolysis of succinic acid monomethyl and monopropyl esters were studied in mixed aqueous-nonaqueous media at various temperatures and ionic strengths. The results of measurements are discussed in terms of electrostatic and specific interactions between the reactants and other components of the reaction mixture. The kinetic parameters in the media under study are related to the influence of the cosolvent on the solvation sphere of the reactants.

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