The physical nature of the optical emission and absorption accompanying explosive decomposition of heavy metal azides

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 937-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Oleshko ◽  
V. I. Korepanov ◽  
V. M. Lisitsyn ◽  
V. P. Tsypilev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides

Thermochemistry and reactivity of the azides - I. Thermochemistry of the inorganic azides

1956 ◽  
Vol 235 (1200) ◽  
pp. 106-119 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Hydrazoic Acid ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
Azide Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides ◽  
Lattice Energies

The problems of structure and reactivity of the azides are of course closely related to their thermochemistry. Lattice energies, electron affinities and bond energies are especially important. Although numerous investigations have been made both into slow thermal decomposition and explosive decomposition of the azides interpretation has been hampered by lack of reliable thermochemical data. In the literature, only a collection of inconsistent and unreliable data for the heavy-metal azides is available; for the alkali-metal and alkaline-earth azides there are no data at all. This paper deals with the thermochemical relations of the azides and their application to reactivity. In part I the experimental determination of consistent enthalpy data for hydrazoic acid, the aqueous azide ion, the alkali metal, the alkaline-earth and heavy-metal azides is described. The values of the enthalpies of formation (∆ H o f in kcal mole -1 ) are: N - 3 Aq (55∙51 H 2 O), 65∙53; HN 3G , 71∙66; HN 3L , 64∙37; LiN 3 , 2∙58; NaN 3 , 5∙08; KN 3 , 0∙33; RbN 3 , -0∙07; CsN 3 , -2∙37; NH 4 N 3 , 26∙79; CaN 6 , 11∙03; SrN 6 , 1∙72; BaN 6 , -5∙32; CuN 3 , 67∙23; CuN 6 , 140∙4; AgN 3 , 74∙17; Hg 2 N 6 , 141∙5; T1N 3 , 55∙78; PbN 6 , 115∙5. From these and other measurements consistent values for free energies and entropies of the azides are derived. These primary thermodynamic data will be employed in part II of this paper to derive important thermochemical quantities not susceptible to direct measurement such as bond dissociation energies, lattice energies and the electron affinity of the azide ion.

Kinetics and Mechanism of Explosive Decomposition of Heavy Metal Azides

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Korepanov ◽  
V. M. Lisitsyn ◽  
V. I. Oleshko ◽  
V. P. Tsipilev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides

Explosive decomposition of heavy-metal azides

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 906-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Aduev ◽  
É. D. Aluker ◽  
G. M. Belokurov ◽  
Yu. A. Zakharov ◽  
A. G. Krechetov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides

A diffusion model of chain-branching reaction of the explosive decomposition of heavy metal azides

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Kriger ◽  
A. V. Kalenskii ◽  
A. A. Zvekov ◽  
M. V. Anan’eva ◽  
A. P. Borovikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Chain Branching ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides

Initial Processes of Explosive Decomposition of Heavy Metal Azides Exposured to Pulsed Radiation

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Lisitsyn ◽  
V. I. Oleshko ◽  
V. P. Tsipilev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Explosive Decomposition ◽  
Heavy Metal Azides

scholarly journals Multi-Elemental Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopic Calibration Problems of the Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Fractionation of the Heavy Metal Content from Aquatic Sediments

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Heltai ◽  
Ilona Fekete ◽  
Gábor Halász ◽  
Katalin Kovács ◽  
Márk Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Aquatic Sediments ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Abstract For the characterisation of the environmental mobility of heavy metal contamination in aquatic sediments, the EU Bureau of Reference has proposed a fractionation by sequential extraction procedure. For its validation, the CRM-701 sample is available containing Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. In this paper, the matrix-matched calibration problems are presented. A multi-elemental inductively coupled plasma-optical emission technique is employed for the detection of heavy metals in the extracts. It was established that the sensitivities are strongly influenced by the extractants, which causes significant matrix effects: the sensitivities are strongly influenced by the solvents applied in extraction steps; the summarised recoveries show an acceptable agreement with the certified values; however, in the individual extraction steps for certain elements significant differences may occur due to the neglected interferences. Therefore, further optimisation is required utilising the flexible line selection possibility offered by the HORIBA Jobin Yvon ACTIVA-M instrument.

scholarly journals Determination of heavy metals and selenium content in chicken liver at Erbil city, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoshyar Saadi Ali ◽  
Dhary Alewy Almashhadany ◽  
Hawraz Sami Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Chicken Liver ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals

Heavy metal contamination of poultry meat is a critical issue for human health due to associated risks of cytotoxicity and systemic pathologies after ingestion of such metals. A total of twenty chicken liver samples were collected from markets of Erbil city and analyzed for ten heavy metals contents by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The targeted metals were cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se). The average concentrations (mg/kg) of targeted trace elements were 0.06±0.027, 0.06±0.05, 2.05±0.34, 1.85±0.47, 0.15±0.17, and 33.53±5.24 for Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn respectively. Copper (Cu) levels significantly exceeded the maximum permissible limit of WHO. Moreover, the average concentrations of toxic heavy metals and selenium were 0.07±0.037, 0.278±0.10, 0.11±0.083, and 2.01±0.454 mg/kg for Cd, Pb, Hg, and Se respectively. Hg and Pb levels exceeded the permissible limits of WHO. Higher levels of Cu and Hg in poultry may pose a serious threat to consumers which demand countermeasures and precautions to be taken. Iraqi Standards Authority and relevant official institutions are strongly recommended to regulate safe disposal of heavy metal waste in the environment to reduce animal exposure to such metals.

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