Implications of the time-dependent evolution of Pb- and Sr-isotopic compositions of Cretaceous and Cenozoic granitoids from the coastal region and the lower Pacific slope of the Andes of central Peru

1990 ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Soler ◽  
Nelly Rotach-Toulhoat
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Isotopic Compositions ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Pacific Slope

Calls distinguish species of Antbirds (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) in the genus Pyriglena

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4291 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
MORTON L. ISLER ◽  
MARCOS MALDONADO-COELHO
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Major River ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Pyriglena Leucoptera ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Central South

Populations in the genus Pyriglena Cabanis, 1847, commonly known as fire-eyes, are patchily distributed in central South America from the Pacific slope of the Andes to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Pyriglena populations are currently placed into 12 taxa, only five of which are not isolated from their neighbors by distance, a high mountain range, or a major river. In the Thamnophilidae, taxonomic decisions regarding such allopatric populations have primarily rested on differences in vocalizations, thought not to be learned and to play a key role in the speciation process. When we examined Pyriglena vocalizations in this context, the outcomes revealed substantial diversity in their calls, rather than their songs. They commonly delivered four different types of calls, unusual although not unprecedented in thamnophilids. Diversity in calls rather than songs underscores the need to consider all vocalizations in taxonomic studies. The outcomes support the continued recognition of the White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera (Vieillot) and Fringe-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena atra (Swainson) as distinct species, and indicate that, in addition, the currently constituted Pyriglena leuconota should be considered three species: the Western Fire-eye Pyriglena maura (Ménétries); the Tapajos Fire-eye Pyriglena similis Zimmer; and the East Amazonian Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota (von Spix). We also identify taxonomic uncertainties regarding subspecies that require acquisition of additional data and further analysis. 

Surrogate modeling for peak or time-dependent storm surge prediction over an extended coastal region using an existing database of synthetic storms

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 909-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaofeng Jia ◽  
Alexandros A. Taflanidis ◽  
Norberto C. Nadal-Caraballo ◽  
Jeffrey A. Melby ◽  
Andrew B. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Surrogate Modeling ◽  
Time Dependent

scholarly journals Chiroptera, mid-Calima River basin, Pacific slope of the Western Andes, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Saavedra-Rodríguez ◽  
Vladimir Rojas-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Biogeographical Regions ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
Bat Diversity

The Calima River Basin is part of the Chocó Biogeográfico Ecoregion in the Pacific Coast of Colombia. Here, we compile a bat species checklist recorded for the Basin and describe the bat diversity patterns found in the mid-Calima Basin (the gradient from 300 – 1,400 m a.s.l.). The checklist comprises 55 bat species for the Basin. In the mid-Calima, 31 bat species occur (permanently or seasonally). Our results show complementary diversity patterns of bat assemblages living below and above 1,000 m. We also identified an overlap zone between 800 – 1,200 m a.s.l. where at least three pairs of sister species coexists. The sampled area is located where the Chocó and the Andes biogeographical regions are connected. The Calima River Basin has high bat richness, high variation in species composition along the elevational gradient, and harbours threatened and endemic species, highlighting its importance for conservation. 

Two new species of Monstera (Araceae: Monsteroideae) from the Pacific slope of the Andes in Colombia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 527 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
ALEJANDRO ZULUAGA ◽  
MARCO CEDEÑO-FONSECA ◽  
MICHAEL MITTERMEIER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Living Material

The genus Monstera is represented in Colombia by 20 species, 12 of them from the Pacific slope of the Andes. Fieldwork between 2017 and 2019 in this region and a thorough revision of the main Colombian herbaria allowed us to discover two undescribed species belonging to Monstera section Monstera. The two new species are described and illustrated using color photographs of vegetative and reproductive features from living material, and compared to Monstera oreophila, M. epipremnoides and M. dissecta from Central America.

scholarly journals Meteorological Interpretation of Orographic Precipitation Gradients along an Andes West Slope Basin at 30°S (Elqui Valley, Chile)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Scaff ◽  
Jose A. Rutllant ◽  
David Rahn ◽  
Simon Gascoin ◽  
Roberto Rondanelli
Keyword(s):  
Storm Track ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Orographic Precipitation ◽  
Synoptic Scale ◽  
Zonal Winds ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Cutoff Low

Abstract To better forecast streamflow and water resource availability, it is important to have an understanding of the meteorological drivers of the orographic precipitation gradient (OPG), especially critical in semiarid mountainous areas. Although forced ascent over topography typically results in precipitation increasing with altitude (positive OPGs), mean annual OPGs and especially OPGs associated with individual storms can change widely in magnitude and even sign. Precipitation measurements from the Elqui Valley in the semiarid Andes of Chile (30°S) reveal a mean annual OPG of 6.3 mm km−1 (millimeters of precipitation over kilometers in elevation) ranging from −42 to 52 mm km−1 for individual storms over the last 35 years (1979–2013). Reanalysis data and precipitation measurements are used to characterize the observed OPG in this region in relation with their synoptic-scale flow. It is found that the Froude number correlates positively with the OPG, reflecting stronger zonal winds and less static stability during storms that have positive OPGs. Altitude of the Andes barrier jet shows only a weak relationship with the OPG. Significant storms with positive OPGs are typically linked with an austral blocking of the westerlies and an equatorward migration of the midlatitude storm track. For negative OPGs, either a cutoff low or the northern edge of a surface migratory cyclone reaches the Elqui Valley in such a way that significant rainfall only occurs in the near-coastal region without major snowfall accumulation over the Andes.

scholarly journals A Devastating Plinian Eruption at Tungurahua Volcano Reveals Formative Occupation at ∼1100 cal BC in Central Ecuador

Radiocarbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J-L Le Pennec ◽  
G de Saulieu ◽  
P Samaniego ◽  
D Jaya ◽  
L Gailler
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Explosive Eruption ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Plinian Eruption ◽  
Magma Intrusion ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Failure Event ◽  
Pottery Sherds ◽  
Tungurahua Volcano

Based on archaeological and radiometric constraints, previous studies have divided pre-Columbian times of Ecuador into a succession of cultural periods. The Paleoindian and Preceramic periods encompass the time from the first Amerindian occupation to about 4000 BC. The Formative period extends from ∼4000 to ∼300 BC, while the Regional Development (∼300 BC to ∼AD 700) and Integration periods predate the Columbian period, which starts in AD 1533 in Ecuador. The Formative cultural period is poorly known from earlier studies. Here, we bring the first documentation of Formative age occupation around Tungurahua Volcano, 120 km SW of Quito, and show that local settlements were devastated by a violent eruption around 1100 cal BC. Recent volcanological works combining lithostratigraphic, petrologic, and geochronologic analyses reveal that the steep-sloped Tungurahua edifice suffered a major Late Holocene flank failure. We show that the failure event resulted from a major explosive eruption triggered by massive magma intrusion inside the volcano. Decompression of the magma due to a flank collapse resulted in a violent, high-velocity directed blast explosion, which deposited charcoaland sherd-rich ash layers upon and near the volcano. Our 14C results range from 2225 ± 30 to 5195 ± 45 BP, but most cluster between 2640 ± 45 and 3195 ± 45 BP. A calibration analysis indicates that the event took place at ∼1100 cal BC, in the Formative period. We gathered 38 pottery sherds from 3 localities. The sherds show a diversity of size, shape, color, and ornamentation. Examination of pastes, surface finish, and firing indicates that our material shares many common features from site to site. The material from Tungurahua shares affinities with the Cotocollao tradition, which developed in the Quito region between 1500 and 500 BC, and with the Machalilla tradition (coastal region of Ecuador), with the occurrence of carinated bowls with punctuate decorations at 1500–1000 BC. Our study reveals that the ∼1100 cal BC Plinian eruption of Tungurahua Volcano is among the oldest known volcanic disasters in the Andes.

Getting over the Andes: The Geo-Eco-Politics of Indigenous Movements in Peru's Twenty-First Century Inca Empire

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHANE GREENE
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
First Century ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Inca Empire ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Indigenous Movement ◽  
Historical Image ◽  
A Site

This article examines how President Alejandro Toledo's self-professed Andean identity and efforts to establish a state-led indigenous rights framework conflicted with a growing eco-ethno alliance of Andean and Amazonian representatives in Peru. Existing scholarly accounts declare the indigenous movement to be unimportant or, indeed, entirely absent in Peru. Yet, they do so by emphasising the centrality of the historical dynamic between the Andean region, where until recently local peoples have desisted from making explicit indigenous claims, and the urbanised coastal region, where the elite's power is most clearly concentrated. This obscures the Amazon as a site of historical events and eco-ethno-politics of national and global scope. The recent emergence of a debate on indigenous issues shows that the Amazonians' longer engagement in the global sphere of indigenous and environmental politics now places them in the position of exemplifying indigeneity for the Andeans and Peruvians at large. This shift challenges in fundamental ways the historical image of Peru the nation as inextricably implicated in the post-colonial fantasies of what I term the ‘Inca slot’.

scholarly journals An annotated checklist of freshwater Copepoda (Crustacea, Hexanauplia) from continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Archipelago

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 871 ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Costa Corgosinho ◽  
Maria Holynska ◽  
Federico Marrone ◽  
Luís José de Oliveira Geraldes-Primeiro ◽  
Edinaldo Nelson dos Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Freshwater Copepoda ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Annotated Checklist

An annotated checklist of the free-living freshwater Copepoda recorded in different regions in Ecuador (including the Amazon, the Andes, the coastal region, and the Galapagos Islands) is here provided. We revised all published records, critically evaluated the validity of each taxon and provided short taxonomic and biogeographical remarks for each one. A total of 27 taxa have been reported, including species and records at the generic level only. The species and taxa identified only up to the generic level belong to five families and 14 genera. The Cyclopoida is the most diverse group with 16 records belonging to species (or identified to the generic level only) and eight genera, followed by the Harpacticoida with six species, one identification to the generic level only, and four genera, and Calanoida with four species belonging to two genera. A total of 18 taxa are recorded for the Andes. Six have been recorded in the Amazon, two are recorded for the coastal region, and six for the Galapagos. One species is shared between the Amazon and the Andes. One species is shared between the coastal region and the Amazon. Seventeen are only reported from the Andes and four are only reported from the Amazon. At the current status of the knowledge, any attempt to analyze and generalize distributional patterns of copepods in Ecuador is premature due to the scarcity of available information, and evidently there is an urgent need for more extensive field collections. A few working hypothesis for future studies are identified.

scholarly journals Mammalia, Chiroptera, Thyropteridae, Thyroptera tricolor Spix, 1823: distribution extension in Ecuador

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Boada ◽  
Diego G. Tirira ◽  
M. Alejandra Camacho ◽  
Santiago F. Burneo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Breeding Female ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Thyroptera Tricolor

In Ecuador, Thyroptera tricolor is distributed on the northern coastal region, in Amazonia, and in the foothills of the Andes between 50 to 1,800 m of altitude. We reported a capture of a non-breeding female at El Descanso, Los Ríos Province, in the central coastal region of Ecuador. With this record, we have extended the geographical distribution of T. tricolor in Ecuador 55 km further south. Using the available data for Ecuador, a predictive distribution model was generated using a Maximum Entropy approach.

Time dependent 3D tomography of a mountain wave over the Andes with GLORIA IR limb imager

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Krasauskas ◽  
Markus Geldenhuys ◽  
Peter Preusse ◽  
jörn Ungermann ◽  
Michael Höpfner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Mountain Wave ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Flight Direction ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Temperature Retrieval

<p>The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) is an aircraft-<br>based Fourier transform spectrometer with a 2D detector array jointly developed by Forschungszentrum<br>Jülich and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Air temperature and volume mixing ratios of various<br>trace gases are retrieved from the measured IR spectra. GLORIA's viewing direction can be panned between 45<sup>◦</sup> and 135<sup>◦</sup><br>w. r. t. the flight direction. Combining this capability with flight paths that encircle the observed<br>atmospheric region, multiple measurements of the same air mass can be performed, allowing for 3D<br>tomography of the atmosphere with a vertical resolution down to 250 m and horizontal resolution of<br>around 25 km.<br>GLORIA flew on the German HALO research aircraft during the SouthTRAC measurement cam-<br>paign held in southern Argentina in September-November 2019. One of the main goals of the campaign<br>was gravity wave study using GLORIA, as well as an upward looking ALIMA lidar instrument devel-<br>oped by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), and in situ instruments. During one of<br>the research flights, a large amplitude mountain wave was observed over the Andes. The air volume<br>near the mountains was encircled twice, providing a unique opportunity to study the time evolution<br>of an orographic gravity wave with a help of 3D time dependent temperature retrieval. We present<br>the initial analysis of this dataset, showing complex temperature structure with several overlapping<br>gravity wave families at altitudes of 9 to 14 km. GLORIA data is complemented by the ALIMA lidar<br>temperature retrieval at altitudes between about 20 and 60 km, providing insight into further upward<br>propagation and breaking of the observed mountain wave. We also compare our results with ECMWF model data.</p>

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