8: Heat flow and energy loss in the Western United States

Author(s):  
David D. Blackwell
Geophysics ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean‐Claude Mareschal ◽  
James P. Cunningham ◽  
Robert P. Lowell

We outline a method to determine, directly from the data, a subsurface temperature distribution which is compatible with the surface heat flow and takes into consideration the effect of the shallow heat sources. The analysis assumes that (1) the crust is in conductive equilibrium, (2) the lateral changes in thermal conductivity can be neglected, and (3) the depth of the heat sources is proportional to the wavelength of the variations in surface heat flow. We apply the technique to determine the crustal temperatures in two tectonically active regions of the western United States. In the Rio Grande rift, temperatures higher than 1 100°C are predicted at a depth of 20 km. In the transition region between the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range, the variability in surface heat flow is partially accounted for by shallow heat sources; however, the increase in heat flow toward the Basin and Range seems associated with deep seated (i.e., lower crust or upper mantle) variations in the thermal regime.


1971 ◽  
Vol 76 (26) ◽  
pp. 6376-6413 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Sass ◽  
Arthur H. Lachenbruch ◽  
Robert J. Munroe ◽  
Gordon W. Greene ◽  
Thomas H. Moses

Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Smith

Coherence of place often exists alongside irregularities in time in cycles, and chapter three turns to cycles linked by temporal markers. Ray Bradbury’s The Martian Chronicles (1950) follows a linear chronology and describes the exploration, conquest, and repopulation of Mars by humans. Conversely, Louise Erdrich’s Love Medicine (1984) jumps back and forth across time to narrate the lives of interconnected families in the western United States. Bradbury’s cycle invokes a confluence of historical forces—time as value-laden, work as a calling, and travel as necessitating standardized time—and contextualizes them in relation to anxieties about the space race. Erdrich’s cycle invokes broader, oppositional conceptions of time—as recursive and arbitrary and as causal and meaningful—to depict time as implicated in an entire system of measurement that made possible the destruction and exploitation of the Chippewa people. Both volumes understand the United States to be preoccupied with imperialist impulses. Even as they critique such projects, they also point to the tenacity with which individuals encounter these systems, and they do so by creating “interstitial temporalities,” which allow them to navigate time at the crossroads of language and culture.


NWSA Journal ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Karen L. Salley ◽  
Barbara Scott Winkler ◽  
Megan Celeen ◽  
Heidi Meck

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