scholarly journals Shaping of intraplate mountain patterns: The Cantabrian orocline legacy in Alpine Iberia

Lithosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fernández-Lozano ◽  
G. Gutiérrez-Alonso ◽  
E. Willingshofer ◽  
D. Sokoutis ◽  
G. de Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Mantle Evolution ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Subsequent Response ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Analogue Experiments ◽  
Fault Displacement

Abstract The present-day topography in Iberia is related to geodynamic processes dealing with lithospheric-scale deformation. However, little attention has been paid to the role of inherited crustal- or lithospheric-scale structures involved in the recent observed large-scale topographic patterns. Whereas the analysis of brittle structures focuses on the evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins and their subsequent response to tectonic inversion, their contribution to mountain building has been underestimated. Large numbers of structures, from ductile to brittle, which affected the whole lithosphere, were developed during the evolution of the Cantabrian orocline (ca. 310–300 Ma). The contribution of these Paleozoic post-Variscan structures, together with lithospheric mantle evolution and replacement during orocline development in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic geological evolution of Iberia, remains unexplored. To explore the role of these inherited structures on the final configuration of topography during N-S Pyrenean shortening, we carried out a series of analogue experiments complemented by surface velocity field analyses. Our experiments indicate that strain was concentrated along preexisting crustal- to lithospheric-scale discontinuities, and they show several reactivation events marked by differences in the velocity vector field. Differences in fault displacement were also observed in the models depending upon preexisting fault trends. The obtained results may explain the different amount of displacement observed during the reactivation of some of the post-orocline structures in Iberia during the Cenozoic, indicating the key role of unveiled structures, which probably have accommodated most of the Alpine shortening.

scholarly journals Immuno-Detection by sequencing (ID-seq) enables large-scale high-dimensional phenotyping in cells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie A.G. van Buggenum ◽  
Jan P. Gerlach ◽  
Sabine E.J. Tanis ◽  
Mark Hogeweg ◽  
Jesse Middelwijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Protein Detection ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Small Molecule Screening ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Screening Assays ◽  
Cellular Phenotypes

AbstractCell-based small molecule screening is an effective strategy leading to new medicines. Scientists in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in academia have made tremendous progress in developing both large-scale and smaller-scale screening assays. However, an accessible and universal technology for measuring large numbers of molecular and cellular phenotypes in many samples in parallel is not available. Here, we present the Immuno-Detection by sequencing (ID-seq) technology that combines antibody-based protein detection and DNA-sequencing via DNA-tagged antibodies. We used ID-seq to simultaneously measure 84 (phospho-)proteins in hundreds of samples and screen the effects of ~300 kinase inhibitor probes on primary human epidermal stem cells to characterise the role of 225 kinases. Our work highlighted a previously unrecognized downregulation of mTOR signaling during differentiation and uncovered 13 kinases regulating epidermal renewal through distinct mechanisms.

scholarly journals Geodynamic modeling of the process of formation and evolution of lithospheric structures: experience of Schmidt institute of physics of the earth RAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-133
Author(s):  
V. O. Mikhailov ◽  
E. P. Timoshkina
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Geophysical Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tectonic Structures ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Basin Formation ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
Geodynamic Models

Key results of numerical geodynamic modeling of the structures of the lithosphere at the Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences are presented. Even in the very first models, the aim of these studies was to describe the time evolution of the boundaries of the layers composing the geological structures which is required for correlating the modeling results to the geological and geophysical data. In 1983, the equation of motion for the upper boundary of the model was complemented by the allowance of sedimentation and erosion. This equation provided the basis for building the geodynamic models of the formation of various types of sedimentary basins and made it possible to mathematically analyze the problem of estimating the rates of paleotectonic movements from thickness, age, and facies composition of sedimentary layers. New data on the formation and evolution processes of large-scale tectonic structures are obtained in the model of a rheologically stratified Earth’s boundary layer, asymptotically linked to mantle convection model. In particular, the role of the small-scale convection in the formation of lithospheric structures in the tectonic settings of extension and compression has been explored. The numerical results clearly demonstrate the key role of the small-scale asthenospheric convection in sedimentary basin formation (post-rift, on passive continental margins, in foredeep basins). The constructed models served as the basis for interpretation of heterogeneous geological and geophysical data in the context of geodynamic models. The examples of statement of inverse problems are presented and the relevant bibliography is provided.

Constraining the dynamics of the present-day Alps with 3D geodynamic inverse models - model version 0.2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Reuber ◽  
Amr El-Sharkawy ◽  
Marcel Paffrath ◽  
Jörg Ebbing ◽  
Wolfgang Friederich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seismic Anisotropy ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Inverse Models ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Gradient Based

<div>The ongoing formation of the alpine mountain belt is a major indicator of the active geological processes in the Mediterranean that for example causes volcanism in Italy as well as considerable hazard. To understand this complex system the European project AlpArray, with the German contribution 4D-MB, was funded in order to investigate the structure, dynamics and geology of the alpine area in more detail and through all scales. We focus on the large scale geodynamic processes that drive this complex system of multiple subduction zones, ranging from the surface to the mantle.</div><div>Here, preliminary geodynamic modeling results will be presented, which are based on recent seismic imaging of the AlpArray target area. The model has been extended to a larger depth and the geometries of the slabs have been adopted. Several instantaneous forward simulations will be presented that aim to reproduce the major present day GPS velocity patterns. Additionally, the fit to the data is refined using a steepest descent adjoint gradient based inverse technique. These gradients can also be used to highlight the pointwise sensitivity of the surface velocity to the material parameters at depth. In order to be able to compare the modeling results to additional observations a framework is presented on how seismic anisotropy can be calculated with the geodynamic modeling code LaMEM (Kaus et al., 2016).</div><div> </div><div>This abstract is in co-operation with the whole AlpArray working group.</div>

Western Europe tectonic evolution : probing the relative role of inheritance and sub-lithospheric processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Mouthereau ◽  
Paul Angrand ◽  
Juliette Rat ◽  
Maxime Daudet
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Continental Lithosphere ◽  
Western Tethys ◽  
Collisional Orogens

<p>Abstract : The heterogeneous continental lithosphere of Western Europe inherits billion of years of tectonic evolution, mineral transformation and magmatic addition. Its deformation over broad regions form collisional orogens and large forelands basins, which tectonic evolution is controlled by the interactions between its inherited properties, large-scale plate convection and smaller-scale plate subduction. How these first-order interactions are connected through time and space to control collision evolution is however largely unknown. Here we explore the evolution of the Alpine collision along a transect stretching between northern Africa and Europe. We show that the complex patterns of Alpine deformation from the Rif-Betic, Pyrenean collision and Europe primarily reflects continental fragmentation and drastic weakening of the lithosphere that occurred during the Late Permian-Triassic. Subsequent rifting episodes from Jurassic to Early Cretaceous left imprints on the thermal evolution of sedimentary basins, together with significant increase of Iberia topography, asthenospheric flow, and plate-scale dispersion of terrigenous sediments. The lack of large oceanic domain, at the transition between Atlantic and western Tethys, resulted in the distributed of shortening over a broad region from north Africa, Iberia and Europe, in the upper Cretaceous (~70 Ma). Detailed contraints on the sequence of shortening throughout West Europe from Late Cretaceous to the Tortonian reveals that the overall evolution of the west-alpine orogenic domain is primarily controlled by the nature and architecture of the continental lithosphere but became progressively controlled by sub-lithospheric processes associated with late/post-orogenic tectonic evolution.  </p>

scholarly journals “Poor” archeological levels not to be forgotten: units of Middle and early Upper Magdalenian age in El Mirón Cave (Ramales de la Victoria, Cantabria, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
undefined Lawrence Guy STRAUS ◽  
undefined Manuel R. GONZÁLEZ MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Portable Art ◽  
Early Upper

This succinct contribution focuses on description and preliminary interpretation of “minor” occupations of the large, strategically located El Mirón Cave on the edge of the Cantabrian Cordillera in eastern Cantabria (Spain) during the Middle and early Upper Magalenian that followed upon the massive, culturally rich, faunally dense, functionally complex deposits of the Initial and Lower Magdalenian. The ten levels analyzed here date to the Late Glacial, c. 15.5-12.5 uncal kya BP. At a time when the classic Middle Magdalenian of the nearby French Pyrenees developed and major residential sites with clear social links to it (via the key site of Isturitz) were occupied in the lowland coastal zone of Cantabria and Asturias (e.g. La Garma, Llonín, La Viña), El Mirón had reverted for the most part to the role of a short-term, special-purpose, perhaps logistical campsite, rather than as a long-term, large-scale hub residential base. It is tempting (and indeed traditional) to focus on levels with large numbers of lithic and osseous artifacts, as well as works of portable art and personal ornaments, which are so characteristic of the most famous Magdalenian occupations. However, in hunter-gatherer subsistence systems, the “minor” locations played a significant role in the human exploitation of territories (especially ones with such complex, high relief as Cantabrian Spain). The levels in question here include some that can be interpreted as hunting camps (suggested by high percentages of worked and unworked bladelets and some antler points within the small assemblages), partially reminiscent of the use to which the cave may have been put during pre-Initial Magdalenian times, notably during the Solutrean, which was relatively rich in stone points.

Localization of Intracisternal a Particle Antigens in Neoplastic Cells and Preimplantation Mouse Embryos

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
Thomas T.F. Huang ◽  
Patricia G. Calarco
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Intracisternal A Particle ◽  
Normal Feature

The stage specific appearance of a retravirus, termed the Intracisternal A particle (IAP) is a normal feature of early preimplantation development. To date, all feral and laboratory strains of Mus musculus and even Asian species such as Mus cervicolor and Mus pahari express the particles during the 2-8 cell stages. IAP form by budding into the endoplasmic reticulum and appear singly or as groups of donut-shaped particles within the cisternae (fig. 1). IAP are also produced in large numbers in several neoplastic cells such as certain plasmacytomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. The role of IAP, either in normal development or in neoplastic behavior, is unknown.

The Role of Sense of Direction and Other Factors During Navigation in a Large-Scale, Unconstrained Environment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth J. Ploran ◽  
Ericka Rovira ◽  
James C. Thompson ◽  
Raja Parasuraman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sense Of Direction

Computer Analyses in Preventive Health Research

1967 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Collen
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
New Era ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Normal Test ◽  
Computer Analyses

The utilization of an automated multitest laboratory as a data acquisition center and of a computer for trie data processing and analysis permits large scale preventive medical research previously not feasible. Normal test values are easily generated for the particular population studied. Long-term epidemiological research on large numbers of persons becomes practical. It is our belief that the advent of automation and computers has introduced a new era of preventive medicine.

Magnetic Properties of xCeO2•(50 − x) PbO•50B2O3 Glasses and Glass Ceramics

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4486-4494 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.El Damrawi ◽  
F. Gharghar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Effective Agent ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Essential Change

Cerium oxide in borate glasses of composition xCeO2·(50 − x)PbO·50B2O3 plays an important role in changing both microstructure and magnetic behaviors of the system. The structural role of CeO2 as an effective agent for cluster and crystal formation in borate network is clearly evidenced by XRD technique. Both structure and size of well-formed cerium separated clusters have an effective influence on the structural properties. The cluster aggregations are documented to be found in different range ordered structures, intermediate and long range orders are the most structures in which cerium phases are involved. The nano-sized crystallized cerium species in lead borate phase are evidenced to have magnetic behavior.  The criteria of building new specific borate phase enriched with cerium as ferrimagnetism has been found to keep the magnetization in large scale even at extremely high temperature. Treating the glass thermally or exposing it to an effective dose of ionized radiation is evidenced to have an essential change in magnetic properties. Thermal heat treatment for some of investigated materials is observed to play dual roles in the glass matrix. It can not only enhance alignment processes of the magnetic moment but also increases the capacity of the crystallite species in the magnetic phases. On the other hand, reverse processes are remarked under the effect of irradiation. The magnetization was found to be lowered, since several types of the trap centers which are regarded as defective states can be produced by effect of ionized radiation. 

The Impact of Quantitative Easing on Emerging Markets – Literature Review

e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Piotr Bartkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Quantitative Easing ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sufficient Precision

AbstractThe article presents the results of the review of the empirical literature regarding the impact of quantitative easing (QE) on emerging markets (EMs). The subject is of interest to policymakers and researchers due to the increasingly larger role of EMs in the world economy and the large-scale capital flows occurring after 2009. The review is conducted in a systematic manner and takes into consideration different methodological choices, samples and measurement issues. The paper puts the summarized results in the context of transmission channels identified in the literature. There are few distinct methodological approaches present in the literature. While there is a consensus regarding the direction of the impact of QE on EMs, its size and durability have not yet been assessed with sufficient precision. In addition, there are clear gaps in the empirical findings, not least related to relative underrepresentation of the CEE region (in particular, Poland).

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