Aspect-dependent soil saturation and insight into debris-flow initiation during extreme rainfall in the Colorado Front Range

Geology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Ebel ◽  
Francis K. Rengers ◽  
Gregory E. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Soil Saturation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

The influence of vegetation on debris-flow initiation during extreme rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range

Geology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 823-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis K. Rengers ◽  
Luke A. McGuire ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coe ◽  
Jason W. Kean ◽  
Rex L. Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Northern Colorado ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

Patterns of debris flow initiation and periglacial sediment sourcing in the Colorado Front Range

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (15) ◽  
pp. 2998-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette I. Patton ◽  
Sara L. Rathburn ◽  
Eric L. Bilderback ◽  
Claire E. Lukens
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

New insights into debris-flow hazards from an extraordinary event in the Colorado Front Range

GSA Today ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Coe ◽  
Jason W. Kean ◽  
Jonathan W. Godt ◽  
Rex L. Baum ◽  
Eric S. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Front Range

scholarly journals The Representation of Cumulus Convection in High-Resolution Simulations of the 2013 Colorado Front Range Flood

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (11) ◽  
pp. 4265-4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Moisture Flux ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Gray Zone ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Model simulations of the 2013 Colorado Front Range floods are performed using 4-km horizontal grid spacing to evaluate the impact of using explicit convection (EC) versus parameterized convection (CP) in the model convective physics “gray zone.” Significant differences in heavy precipitation forecasts are found across multiple regions in which heavy rain and high-impact flooding occurred. The relative contribution of CP-generated precipitation to total precipitation suggests that greater CP scheme activity in areas upstream of the Front Range flooding may have led to significant downstream model error. Heavy convective precipitation simulated by the Kain–Fritsch CP scheme in particular led to an alteration of the low-level moisture flux and moisture transport fields that ultimately prevented the generation of heavy precipitation in downstream areas as observed. An updated, scale-aware version of the Kain–Fritsch scheme is also tested, and decreased model errors both up- and downstream suggest that scale-aware updates yield improvements in the simulation of this event. Comparisons among multiple CP schemes demonstrate that there are model convective physics gray zone considerations that significantly impact the simulation of extreme rainfall in this event.

scholarly journals Debris flow initiation characteristics and occurrence probability after extreme rainfalls: case study in the Chenyulan watershed, Taiwan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinn-Chyi Chen ◽  
Jiang-Guao Jiang ◽  
Wien-Shun Huang ◽  
Yuan-Fan Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

Abstract. Rainfall and other extreme events often trigger debris flows. This study examines the debris flow initiation characteristics and probability of debris flow occurrence after extreme rainfalls. The Chenyulan watershed, central Taiwan, which has suffered from the Chi-Chi earthquake (CCE) and extreme rainfalls, was selected as a study area. The rainfall index (RI) was used to analyze the return period (T) and characteristics of debris flow occurrence after extreme rainfalls. The characteristics of debris flow occurrence included the variation in critical RI, threshold of RI for debris flow initiation, and recovery period (t0), the time required for the lowered threshold to return to the original threshold. The variations in critical RI after extreme rainfall and t0 associated with RI were presented. The critical RI threshold was reduced in the years following an extreme rainfall event. The reduction in RI as well as t0 were influenced by the RI. Reduced RI values showed an increasing trend over time, and it gradually return to initial RI. The empirical relationship between the probability of debris flow occurrence (P) and corresponding T of the rainfall characteristics for areas affected by extreme rainfalls and affected by the CCE were developed. Finally, a method for determining the P of a rainfall event was proposed based on the relationship between P and T. This method was successfully applied to evaluate the probability of debris flow occurrence after extreme rainfalls.

scholarly journals Elucidating the role of vegetation in the initiation of rainfall-induced shallow landslides: Insights from an extreme rainfall event in the Colorado Front Range

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 9084-9092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. McGuire ◽  
Francis K. Rengers ◽  
Jason W. Kean ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coe ◽  
Benjamin B. Mirus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Colorado Front Range ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Front Range

scholarly journals Characteristics of rainfall triggering of debris flows in the Chenyulan watershed, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Chen ◽  
C. D. Jan ◽  
W. S. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Hourly Rainfall ◽  
Central Taiwan ◽  
Debris Flow Initiation

Abstract. This paper reports the variation in rainfall characteristics associated with debris flows in the Chenyulan watershed, central Taiwan, between 1963 and 2009. The maximum hourly rainfall Im, the maximum 24 h rainfall Rd, and the rainfall index RI (defined as the product RdIm) were analysed for each rainfall event that triggered a debris flow within the watershed. The corresponding number of debris flows initiated by each rainfall event (N) was also investigated via image analysis and/or field investigation. The relationship between N and RI was analysed. Higher RI of a rainfall event would trigger a larger number of debris flows. This paper also discusses the effects of the Chi-Chi earthquake (CCE) on this relationship and on debris flow initiation. The results showed that the critical RI for debris flow initiation had significant variations and was significantly lower in the years immediately following the CCE of 1999, but appeared to revert to the pre-earthquake condition about five years later. Under the same extreme rainfall event of RI = 365 cm2 h−1, the value of N in the CCE-affected period could be six times larger than that in the non-CCE-affected periods.

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